Network Commands
ARP
Address Resolution Protocol. Resolves IP addresses to MAC addresses.
tcpdump
Capture packets from the commandline
pathping
Combination of ping and traceroute
Traceroute
Determine the number of hops required for a packet to reach its destination. (Linux/Mac)
tracert
Determine the number of hops required for a packet to reach its destination. (Windows)
ipconfig /all
Display all IP configuration details
netstat
Display network statistics
ipconfig /flushdns
Flush the DNS resolver cache
Nmap
Network Mapper
nbtstat
Query other machines on a network using NetBIOS
ipconfig /release
Release the DHCP lease
ipconfig /renew
Renew the DHCP lease
Ping
Test reachability
ipconfig (Windows)/ifconfig (Linux)
View and manage IP configuration
Route
View the device's routing table