NRES 103 Final Exam Review

How many of the great lakes are listed in the 10 largest lakes by volume? What are their names?

3. Superior 4. Michigan 5. Huron

What is the total surface area of the great lakes?

94,250 miles

The great lakes contain __________% of the north Americas freshwater and is the ____________ source of water in the world.

95% , largest

Of the 2.5 percent of freshwater how much is tied up in ice or deep aquifers?

98%

The amount of cargo to pass through the seaway currently A. reflects high traffic of ocean-going ships B. is beyond what was imagined in 1959 C. equals about 50% of Great Lakes D. could be carried by two freight trains per day

could be carried by two frieghts per day

Generally a sea _______________ to the ocean whereas a lake is __________________ by land

connects, land

Compared to the Atlantic, Pacific, and Gulf coasts, North America's 4th seacost .... that A. it has experienced so many invasives B. it is more heavily populated C. it has a single entry point for foreign freighters D. all the above

it has a single entry point for foreign freighters

The Saint Lawrence divide A. runs through the western part of Chicago B. is generally more of a hill than a mountain C. runs through southern Canada D. separates the Great Lakes Basin from the Mississippi River Basin

runs through the western part of Chicago, is generally more of a hill than a mountain , runs through southern Canada

The early immigrants who encountered the Great Black Swamp and decided to settle in the region A. were in awe B. decided to drain it C.lived in harmony with the Native Americans there D. wanted to preserve its unique qualities

were in awe, decided to drain it

Of the world's port cities, what percentage are within two stops of a Great Lakes port? A. 99% B. 30% C. 50% D. 73%

99%

Of the 10 largest lakes in the world by surface area, how many Great Lakes are included? A. 2 B. 6 C. 3 D. 4

D. 4

Which of the great lakes is the deepest? A. Superior B. Michigan C. Erie D. Ontario E. Huron

Superior

Annual damage to fisheries and recreational activities caused by invasive mussels in the Great Lakes is estimated to cost A. $600 million B. $55 million C. $100 million D. $200 million

$600 million

How many of the great lakes are listed in the 10 largest lakes in the world by surface area? What are their names?

1. Superior 3. Huron 4. Michigan 10. Erie

If you walk the shores of each lake in turn you cover more than _______________ miles

10,500

What are the names of the 5 great lakes?

Huron, Ontario, Michigan, Erie, Superior

Which of the great lakes has the largest surface area? A. Superior B. Michigan C. Huron D. Erie E. Ontario

Superior

In the U.S., the coastline of the Great Lakes is longer than the Atlantic coastline, the coast on the Gulf of Mexico, or the Pacific coast (not counting Alaska and Hawaii). A. True B. False

True

The Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal A. was the largest earth-moving project in North America at the time B. helped to Sanitize Chicago's water C. reversed the flow of the Chicago River D. all of the above

all of the above

Where is lake St. Claire located?

between lake Huron and lake Erie

The effects of lead poisoning A. can last for decades B. are difficult to detect C. are especially pronounced D. can occur even though the water is clear

can last for decades, are especially pronounced in children

To help reduce a $25 million budget deficit, the city of Flint A. decided to temporarily get its water from the Flint River B. tried to entice the Ford Motor Company to open a plant C. initiated the state's first lottery D. decided to build its own water pipeline

decided to temporarily get its water from the Flint River, decided to build its own water pipeline

To help reduce a $25 million deficit, the city of Flint A. decided to temporarily get its water from the Flint River B. initiated the state's first lottery C. decided to build its own water pipeline D. tried to entice the Ford Motor Company to open a plant

decided to temporarily get its water from the Flint River, decided to build its own water pipeline

Since the mid-1970s, the amount of cargo passing through the seaway annually has A. increased B. gone up, but not a lot C. declined D. held more or less steady

declined

When a bidhead carp was caught beyond the barrier and just miles from Lake Michigan A. Peabody worked more closely with Dr. Lodge to find a solution B. General Peabody agreed to close the locks C. five states took USACE to court D. it was clear that carp were likely breeding in Lake Michgan

five states took USACE and Illinois to court

The Clean Water Act A. focused on nonpoint pollution B. focused on point-sources pollution C. ignored nonpoint pollution D. all the above

focused on point source pollution, ignored nonpoint pollution

______________ is our most limiting resource

freshwater

Collectively, western satates in the U.S have spent how much to monitor and control invasive mussel A. 1 million B. 50 million C. 100 million D. hundred of millions of dollars

hundred of millions

One example of a hugely expensive project that's been ... A. the Aral Sea B. in China C. in the western Great Plains D. in California

in China

Most foreign freighters sail out of the Great Lakes carrying grain, totaling what percentage total grain exports for the U.S and Canada? A. 20 B. more than 40 C. less than 2 D. 10

less than 2

When federal funding was halted for the carp-controlling-sewage experiment, Arkansas Game and Fish A. destroyed all the fish B. got funding from another source C. gave the fish back to the fish farmer D. let some of them go

let some of them go

For four of the five Great Lakes, the estiamted impact of invasion of Asian Carp A. low to moderate B. low C. moderate to high D. moderate

moderate to high

In addition to agricultural runoff causing algal blooms in Lake Erie, other major contributors ... A. lawn fertilizer B. leaky septic fields C. inputs from the Detroit River D. none of the above

none of the above

In response to the State of Emergency Manager's claim that water from Lake Huron was ... from Virginia Tech A. filed a class action lawsuit B. agreed C. provided data showing water from the the Flint River was 19 times more corrosive D. held a press conference with the mayor

provided data showing water from the Flint River was 19 times more corrosive

By far, the best predictor(s) of the presence of environmental pollutants is/are A. race B. degree of education C. lead pipes D. proximity to heavy industry

race

After the trees were cut in the Great Black Swamp, roads were built and ditches were ... A. the Toledo Back Hoe B. the Buckeye Traction Ditcher C. the Maumee Ditch Mauler D. the lake Erie Ditch Witch

the Buckeye Traction Ditcher

One of hotspots for invasive carp highlighted in the film Silent Invaders is A. the Chicago River B. the St.Lawrence River C. the Des Plaines River D. the Illinois River

the Illinois River

The first canal to bridge the Chicago Portage was A. the Sanitary and Ship Canal B. the Chicago Canal C. the Illinois and Mighigan Canal D. the Welland Canal

the Illinois and Michigan Canal

Once the Great Black swap was cleared and drained, the people there found A. they could only harvest crops for a year or two before the soils were played out B. they had the most productive land in the country C. the soils were of poor quality D. the soils were incredibly rich

they had the most productive land in the country, the soils were incredibily rich

Invasive mussels were able to virtually take over Lake Mead's bed and canyon walls ... A. they were taken up i nthe ballast of large boats on the lake B. they were able to reproduce rapidly in the warm climate C. there were too many arriving from the midwest D. the zebra musel is able to attach to boat hulls

they were able to reproduce rapidly in the warm climate

It was surprising that a year after the zebra mussel was discovered in Lake St. Clair... densities in southern Lake Michigan, surprising because A. this movement would have been against the Lake's currents B. it meant traversing the dam on St.Mary's River C. the species is immobile as a veliger D. all the above

this movement would have been against the Lake's current

When General JohnPeabody took charge of the situation for USACE, he A. closed the locks until he was sure the barriers worked B. turned on the barriers C. kept the voltage to 1/4 of capacity D. all of the above

turned on the barriers, kept the voltage to 1/4 of capacity

If ballast control systems are installed on all freighters entering the Great Lakes, the chances of more invasive species showing up there is A. zero B. 50:50 C. very high D. very low

very low

DNA Barcoding A. is another term for DNA fingerprinting B. was initially used to identify invasive species in ship's ballast C. uses the same technology as scanning in supermarkets D. is meant to identify specices

was initially used to identify invasive species in ship's ballast , is meant to identify species

How long can humans last without water? A. <24 hours B. 3-4 days C. 7-9 days D. 2 days

B. 3-4 days

Currently, the average number of trans-oceanic ships passing through the seaway each day ... A. 10 B. 20 C. 8 D. 2

2

What percentage of the world's water supply is freshwater?

2.5%

How much of the planet's available freshwater is found in the Great Lakes? A. 10% B. 25% C. 15% D. 20%

20%

Lakes are often A. At higher elevations B. Below sea level

At higher elevations

What feature makes Lake Ontario somewhat separate from the other lakes in terms of connectivity? A. the shallow depth of the Detroit River B. Lake St. Clair C. the rapids of the St. Mary s River D. the height of Niagra Falls

D. the height of Niagra Falls

What is the shallowest of the Great Lakes? A. Erie B. Ontario C. Huron D. Michigan

Erie

The exorbitantly high cost of pumpingwater thousands of miles is the thing that prevents it ... T/F

False

The Pacific Northwest is vulnerable to mussel invasion because A. hundreds of thousands of boats use the lakes and reservoirs there every year B. it's impossible to guard every boat ramp C. no state or water bosy has been able to stop the mussel from invading D. all the above

all of the above

Bighead and silver carp are able to take over aquatic ecosystems because they A. consume the offspring of their competitors B. aggressively drive competitors from their nests C. starve their competitors by eating plankton D. all the above

all the above

Historical racism was reported to contribute to the use of Flint River water for drinking because A. The residents were mostly poor and African-American B. the residents were not viewed as credible C. the complaints of the residents were not taken seriously D. all the above

all the above

Some strategies for getting rid of carp include A. making fetilizer from them B. making pet food from them C. making fish cakes from them D. all the above

all the above

Dead zones in the Great Lakes are created by A. decomposition of algal cells B. invaisve mussels C. excessive nutrient inputs D. run-away algal growth

decomposition of algal cells, excessive nutrient inputs, run-away algal growth

The same process causing massive algal blooms in lake Erie A. has created a dead zone in the gulf of mexico B. has resulted in dead zones around the world C. is also affecting Lake Superior in a jor way D. was the primary cause in the 1960s

has created a deadzone in the Gulf of Mexico, has resulted in dead zones around the world

Prior to settlement, water flowed clear from the Maumee River to Lake Erie. Now, the extensive grid of ditches and life lines A. have increased flows in the river B. have made the river more turbid C. have increased nutrient inputs to the river D. all the above

have increased nutrient inputs to the river

Phosphorus A. is required by every living organism B. does not exist naturally in the environment C. was present in Lake Erie before settlement D. all the above

is required by every living organism, does not exist naturally in the environment

Of the five Great Lakes, Lake Erie A. is the most productive B. has the most fish C. has the most beaches D. is the deepest

is the most productive, has the most fish