nsl quizlet study

25. Adarand Constructors v. Pena

A 1995 Supreme Court decision holding that federal programs

41. Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990

A law passed in 1990 that requires employers and public

47. Antitrust policy

A policy designed to ensure competition and prevent monopoly, which is the

55. Arms race

A tense relationship beginning in the 1950s between the Soviet Union and the United

30. Advertising

According to David Mayhew, one of three primary activities undertaken by members

18. AARP

American Association of Retired Persons; Nationwide organization for people over 50 that

52. Appropriations bill

An act of Congress that actually funds programs within limits established by

35. Age Discrimination Act

Prohibits discrimination in hiring based upon age and banned some

21. Action

Reaction Syndrome - for every action on the part of government, there is a reaction on the part of the affected public. Then the government attempts to counter the reaction with another action, which starts the cycle all over again.

24. Actual group

That part of the potential group consisting of members who actually join. See also

26. Administrative discretion

The authority of administrative actors to select among various

11. 15th (XV) Amendment

The constitutional amendment adopted in 1870 to extend suffrage to

12. 16th (XVI) Amendment

The constitutional amendment adopted in 1915 that

13. 19th (XIX) Amendment

The constitutional amendment adopted in 1920 that guarantees women the

4. 6th (VI) Amendment

The constitutional amendment designed to protect individuals accused of crimes. It includes the right to counsel, the right to confront witnesses, and the right to a speedy and public trial. (criminal cases) guarantees the right to a fair, public, and speedy trial by an impartial jury

9. 13th (XIII) Amendment

The constitutional amendment passed after the Civil War that forbade slavery and involuntary servitude.

16. 24th (XXIV) Amendment

The constitutional amendment passed in 1964 that declared poll taxes

7. 10th (X) Amendment -

The constitutional amendment stating that "The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the states, are reserved to the states respectively, or to the people." Any rights not given to the federal government in the US Constitution belong to the states and the people. The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people.

48. Appellate jurisdiction

The jurisdiction of courts that hear cases brought to them on appeal from

61. Attitudinal view

To vote according to your views. (Do as you see fit)

62. Australian ballot

a government printed ballot

28. Adversarial press

a press corp that is suspicious and/or hostile

were contemplating its adoption. They argued that the Constitution was a class

based document, that it would erode fundamental liberties, and that it would weaken the power of the states and give too much power to the federal government and did not protect the political rights of the people . See also Federalists and U.S. Constitution.

2. 4th (IV) Amendment -

guarantees freedom from unreasonable searches of the home or the person

5. 7th (VII) Amendment -

guarantees the right to a fair, public, and speedy trial by an impartial jury (civil cases).

3. 5th (V) Amendment - in criminal cases, it assures the right that people cannot be deprived of life,

in criminal cases, it assures the right that people cannot be deprived of life, liberty, or property without due process of law,' including protections against being tried for the same crime twice (double jeopardy), suspects and defendants cannot be forced to answer questions or testify against themselves (self incrimination), being indicted by a grand jury, and government seizure of private property without just compensation.

60. At

large - as a whole; for example, statewide.

8. 12th (XII) Amendment -

requires presidential electors to vote separately for president and vice president.

51. Appropriation

the amount of money that is actually given to implement a program

proposed by a two

thirds vote of both houses of Congress or by a convention called by Congress at the request of two thirds of the state legislatures. Ratified by approval of three-fourths of the states.

44. Annapolis Convention

A convention held in September 1786 to consider problems of trade and

36. Agents of socialization

Families, schools, television, peer groups, and other influences that

46. Anti

Federalists - Opponents of the American Constitution at the time when the states

23. Activist approach

Judges should discover the underlying goals of the Constitution.

42. Amicus curiae briefs

Legal briefs submitted by a "friend of the court" (a third party) for the

22. Activation

One of three key consequences of electoral campaigns for voters, in which the voter is

15. 22nd (XXII) Amendment

Passed in 1951, the amendment that limits presidents to two full terms of

17. 25th (XXV) Amendment

Passed in 1951, the amendment that permits the vice president to become

6. 8th (VIII) Amendment

The constitutional amendment that forbids cruel and unusual punishment, although it does not define this phrase. Through the Fourteenth Amendment, this Bill of Rights provision applies to the states. Guarantees protection against excessive fines/bail

58. Articles of Confederation

The first governing document of the confederated states drafted in

1. 1st Amendment

The constitutional amendment that establishes the four great rights/freedoms/liberties: freedom of the press, of speech, of religion, and of peaceful assembly.

32. AFDC - Aid to Families with Dependent Children

designed during Depression. Helped families