nsl quizlet study
25. Adarand Constructors v. Pena
A 1995 Supreme Court decision holding that federal programs
41. Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990
A law passed in 1990 that requires employers and public
47. Antitrust policy
A policy designed to ensure competition and prevent monopoly, which is the
55. Arms race
A tense relationship beginning in the 1950s between the Soviet Union and the United
30. Advertising
According to David Mayhew, one of three primary activities undertaken by members
18. AARP
American Association of Retired Persons; Nationwide organization for people over 50 that
52. Appropriations bill
An act of Congress that actually funds programs within limits established by
35. Age Discrimination Act
Prohibits discrimination in hiring based upon age and banned some
21. Action
Reaction Syndrome - for every action on the part of government, there is a reaction on the part of the affected public. Then the government attempts to counter the reaction with another action, which starts the cycle all over again.
24. Actual group
That part of the potential group consisting of members who actually join. See also
26. Administrative discretion
The authority of administrative actors to select among various
11. 15th (XV) Amendment
The constitutional amendment adopted in 1870 to extend suffrage to
12. 16th (XVI) Amendment
The constitutional amendment adopted in 1915 that
13. 19th (XIX) Amendment
The constitutional amendment adopted in 1920 that guarantees women the
4. 6th (VI) Amendment
The constitutional amendment designed to protect individuals accused of crimes. It includes the right to counsel, the right to confront witnesses, and the right to a speedy and public trial. (criminal cases) guarantees the right to a fair, public, and speedy trial by an impartial jury
9. 13th (XIII) Amendment
The constitutional amendment passed after the Civil War that forbade slavery and involuntary servitude.
16. 24th (XXIV) Amendment
The constitutional amendment passed in 1964 that declared poll taxes
7. 10th (X) Amendment -
The constitutional amendment stating that "The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the states, are reserved to the states respectively, or to the people." Any rights not given to the federal government in the US Constitution belong to the states and the people. The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people.
48. Appellate jurisdiction
The jurisdiction of courts that hear cases brought to them on appeal from
61. Attitudinal view
To vote according to your views. (Do as you see fit)
62. Australian ballot
a government printed ballot
28. Adversarial press
a press corp that is suspicious and/or hostile
were contemplating its adoption. They argued that the Constitution was a class
based document, that it would erode fundamental liberties, and that it would weaken the power of the states and give too much power to the federal government and did not protect the political rights of the people . See also Federalists and U.S. Constitution.
2. 4th (IV) Amendment -
guarantees freedom from unreasonable searches of the home or the person
5. 7th (VII) Amendment -
guarantees the right to a fair, public, and speedy trial by an impartial jury (civil cases).
3. 5th (V) Amendment - in criminal cases, it assures the right that people cannot be deprived of life,
in criminal cases, it assures the right that people cannot be deprived of life, liberty, or property without due process of law,' including protections against being tried for the same crime twice (double jeopardy), suspects and defendants cannot be forced to answer questions or testify against themselves (self incrimination), being indicted by a grand jury, and government seizure of private property without just compensation.
60. At
large - as a whole; for example, statewide.
8. 12th (XII) Amendment -
requires presidential electors to vote separately for president and vice president.
51. Appropriation
the amount of money that is actually given to implement a program
proposed by a two
thirds vote of both houses of Congress or by a convention called by Congress at the request of two thirds of the state legislatures. Ratified by approval of three-fourths of the states.
44. Annapolis Convention
A convention held in September 1786 to consider problems of trade and
36. Agents of socialization
Families, schools, television, peer groups, and other influences that
46. Anti
Federalists - Opponents of the American Constitution at the time when the states
23. Activist approach
Judges should discover the underlying goals of the Constitution.
42. Amicus curiae briefs
Legal briefs submitted by a "friend of the court" (a third party) for the
22. Activation
One of three key consequences of electoral campaigns for voters, in which the voter is
15. 22nd (XXII) Amendment
Passed in 1951, the amendment that limits presidents to two full terms of
17. 25th (XXV) Amendment
Passed in 1951, the amendment that permits the vice president to become
6. 8th (VIII) Amendment
The constitutional amendment that forbids cruel and unusual punishment, although it does not define this phrase. Through the Fourteenth Amendment, this Bill of Rights provision applies to the states. Guarantees protection against excessive fines/bail
58. Articles of Confederation
The first governing document of the confederated states drafted in
1. 1st Amendment
The constitutional amendment that establishes the four great rights/freedoms/liberties: freedom of the press, of speech, of religion, and of peaceful assembly.
32. AFDC - Aid to Families with Dependent Children
designed during Depression. Helped families