NURS 30050 Exam 2 NCLEX Practice Q's

A group of students are reviewing information about drugs used to treat tuberculosis. The students demonstrate understanding of the material when they identify which of the following drugs as first-line treatment option? a.) rifampin b.) kanamycin c.) ciprofloxacin d.) capreomycin

A

A nurse administers ondansetron to a patient receiving chemotherapy for which reason? a.) reduce vomiting b.) prevent hypersensitivity c.) relieve inflammation d.) decrease secretions

A

A nurse is preparing to administer imatinib to a patient. The nurse expects to administer this drug by which route? a.) oral b.) subcutaneous c.) intramuscular d.) intravenous

A

A patient comes to the emergency department complaining of a throbbing headache, nausea, vomiting, chest pain, dyspnea, vertigo, and blurred vision. The patient reveals that he has been taking cefaclor for an infection. Which question would the nurse ask next? a.) "Have you had any alcohol to drink in the past 72 hours?" b.) "Are you taking an oral anticoagulant such as warfarin?" c.) "Did the doctor prescribe any other antibiotics with this one?" d.) "Have you been drinking enough fluids with the medicine?"

A

A patient comes to the health care facility complaining of flulike symptoms. After a thorough assessment, the patient is diagnosed with influenza and is to receive oseltamivir. The nurse understands that this drug has been prescribed because the patient been symptomatic for less than: a.) 2 days b.) 4 days c.) 6 days d.) 8 days

A

A patient is being treated with docosanol. After teaching the patient about the drug, the nurse determines that additional instruction is needed when the patient states which of the following? a.) "I should apply the medicine to any new open lesions that arise near the area." b.) "I might have some burning or stinigng in the area when I use the medicine." c.) "There is little risk for absorbing the drug into my system this way." d.) "I realize the drug won't cure me, but it should help with the discomfort."

A

A patient is receiving nevirapine as part of a treatment for HIV infection. The nurse would instruct the patient about which of the following adverse effects as most commonly experienced? a.) dry mouth and dyspepsia b.) light-headedness and dizziness c.) buffalo hump and thin extremities d.) paresthesias and fever

A

A patient is receiving rifampin and isoniazid in combination for treatment of tuberculosis. Which of the following would the nurse need to monitor closely? a.) liver function studies b.) urine culture c.) audiometric studies d.) pulmonary function studies

A

A patient is receiving telithromycin. The nurse understands that this drug is structurally related to which of the following? a.) Penicillins b.) Macrolides c.) Cephalosporins d.) Lincosamides

A

Assessment of a patient who is receiving nelfinavir reveals a severe life-threatening arrhythmia. The nurse would check the patient's history for use of which of the following? a.) Midazolam b.) Warfarin c.) Clarithromycin d.) Quinidine

A

The drug's effect on which of the following best reflects the major reason for avoiding the use of tetracyclines in children under 8 years of age? a.) teeth b.) hearing c.) vision d.) kidneys

A

The nurse is preparing a teaching plan for a patient who is receiving cephalosporins. Which of the following would the nurse identify as the most commonly occurring adverse effects? a.) vomiting and diarrhea b.) headache and dizziness c.) superinfections d.) phlebitis

A

Which of the following would the nurse identify as an antineoplastic antibiotic? a.) Mitomycin b.) Teniposide c.) Vinblastine d.) Docetaxel

A

hair loss

Alopecia

Amikacin

Aminoglycoside

Gentamicin

Aminoglycoside

Streptomycin

Aminoglycoside

loss of organization and structure

Anaplasia

Generation of new blood vessels

Angiogenesis

A group of students are reviewing information about antiviral agents used to treat influenza and respiratory virus infections. The students demonstrate understanding of the material when they identify which drug as appropriate for treating Avian flu? a.) Amantadine b.) Oseltamivir c.) Ribavirin d.) Zanamivir

B

A nurse is explaining the rationale for the use of combination therapy in the treatment of HIV infections. Which of the following would the nurse include as the primary reason? a.) more than one drug is needed to ensure sensitivity to the different forms of the virus b.) the use of multiple drugs allows attack on the virus at different points in its life cycle c.) one drug helps to control the virus, while the other drugs help to alleviate the adverse effects d.) using several drugs at once helps to improve the patient's immune response

B

A patient asks the nurse why the chemotherapy is often administered in cycles. Which response by the nurse would be most appropriate? a.) "The drugs are highly toxic, so the body needs time to recover." b.) "We want to attack the cells that might be dormant or moving into a new phase." c.) "The cycles are the only way to guarantee a cure for the cancer." d.) "The cycles help to prevent the drugs from destroying the healthy cells."

B

A patient is to receive gentamicin for treatment of an infection. Which of the following would be most important for the nurse to assess to establish a baseline? a.) nutritional status b.) auditory function c.) GI function d.) muscle strength

B

After teaching a patient who is prescribed oral erythromycin, the nurse determines that the teaching was successful when the patient states which of the following? a.) "I need to take the medicine with a meal so I don't get an upset stomach." b.) "I should drink a full 8-oz glass of water when I take the medicine." c.) "I might have some bloody diarrhea after using this medicine." d.) "I only need to take one pill every day for this medicine to work."

B

When planning the care for a patient receiving imatinib, the nurse would identify which nursing diagnosis as most likely? a.) excess fluid volume related to fluid retention b.) imbalanced nutrition, less than body requirements, related to severe nausea and vomiting c.) risk for infection related to bone marrow suppression d.) disturbed body image related to hair loss

B

Which drug would have the least effect on healthy human cells? a.) Etoposide b.) Imatinib c.) Vincristine d.) Doxorubicin

B

Which of the following was the first class of drugs developed to treat HIV infections? a.) protease inhibitors b.) nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors c,) nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors d.) fusion inhibitors

B

Which of the following would a nurse identify as a CCR5 coreceptor antagonist? a.) Enfuvirtide b.) Maraviroc c.) Raltegravir d.) Didanosine

B

Which of the following would a nurse identify as the prototype lincosamide drug? a.) Erythromycin b.) Clindamycin c.) Lincomycin d.) Clarithromycin

B

Which of the following would be most important to stress with a patient who is receiving adefovir for treatment of chronic hepatitis B? a.) possible adverse effects such as headache and dizziness b.) periodic follow-up renal function studies c.) maintenance of a continuous adequate supply of drug d.) measures to reduce the risk of infection transmission

B

Which of the following would the nurse expect to administer to counteract the effects of methotrexate? a.) Alprazolam b.) Leucovorin c.) Metoclopramide d.) Aprepitant

B

Aminoglycosides are _____________, inhibiting protein synthesis and ultimately leading to cell death.

Bactericidal

List the two mechanisms by which antineoplastic drugs work.

By affecting cell survival & by boosting the immune system in its effort to combat the abnormal cell

A patient develops leukopenia after receiving chemotherapy. Which nursing diagnosis would be most appropriate? a.) disturbed body image b.) imbalanced nutrition c.) risk for infection d.) deficient fluid volume

C

A patient is diagnosed with cytomegalovirus infection and is to receive foscarnet. The nurse would expect to administer this drug by which route? a.) oral b.) intramuscular c.) intravenous d.) topical

C

A patient is receiving bleomycin as part of his chemotherapy regimen. Which of the following would be most important for the nurse to monitor? a.) platelet count b.) electrocardiogram c.) chest x-ray d.) serum electrolytes

C

A patient is receiving zanamivir. When descriving this drug, the nurse understands that it is absorbed through which mechanism? a.) GI tract b.) bloodstream c.) respiratory tract d.) skin

C

A patient with HIV is pregnant. Which of the following agents would the nurse expect to be prescribed? a.) Tenofovir b.) Lamivudine c.) Zidovudine d.) Stavudine

C

After teaching a group of students about carbapenems, the instructor determines the need for additional teaching when the students identify which of the following as an example? a.) Doripenem b.) Imipenem-cilastatin c.) Cefuroxime d.) Ertapenem

C

Which of the following best reflects the action of antimetabolites? a.) reacts chemically with portions of RNA, DNA, or other cellular proteins b.) inserts itself between base pairs in the DNA chain, disrupting DNA sythesis c.) inhibits DNA production via replacing the natural substances needed for it d.) interferes with the ability of the cell to divide by blocking DNA synthesis

C

Which of the following drugs would be classified as a third-generation cephalosporin? a.) Cefazolin b.) Cefaclor c.) Ceftazidime d.) Cephalexin

C

Which of the following drugs would be classified as an aminoglycoside? a.) Levoflaxacin b.) Clarithromycin c.) Gentamicin d.) Cefaclor

C

Explain how all cancers start.

Cancers arise from a single abnormal cell that multiplies and grows

tumor originating in epithelial cells

Carcinoma

The prototype cephalosporin is ______________.

Cefaclor

A group of students are reviewing material for a test on antibiotics. They demonstrate an understanding of the material when they identify which of the following as the first antibiotic introduced for clinical use? a.) Erythromycin b.) Ampicillin c.) Cephalexin d.) Penicillin

D

A patient is prescribed streptomycin. The nurse understands that this drug can be given only by which route? a.) Oral b.) Ophthalmic c.) intravenous d.) intramuscular

D

A patient is receiving tamoxifen. Which adverse effect would be most specific to the action of this drug? a.) bone marrow suppression b.) GI toxicity c.) hepatic dysfunction d.) menopausal effects

D

A patient with AIDS develops cytomegalovirus retinis. The physician orders cidofovir. The nurse would prepare the patient for administration of the drug by which route? a.) oral b.) topical c.) subcutaneous d.) intravenous

D

When describing the process of cancer cell growth to a patient, the nurse addresses angiogenesis. Which of the following descriptions would the nurse include? a.) A process that involves the cells travelling to other areas of the body to develop new tumors b.) the process of creating new blood vessels to supply oxygen and nutrients to the cells c.) the process of growing without the usual homeostatic restrictions that regulate cells d.) a process in which the cells lose their ability to differentiate and organize

D

When describing the use of the various agents for combating chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting, the nurse understands that the majority of these agents block which of the following? a.) neurotransmitters b.) gastric acidity c.) gag reflex d.) chemoreceptor trigger zone

D

Which agent would the nurse expect to be administered orally? a.) Cytarabine b.) Fluorouracil c.) Gemcitabine d.) Methotrexate

D

Which drug would a nurse least likely expect to be prescribed for a patient with chronic hepatitis B? a.) Entecavir b.) Telbivudine c.) Adefovir d.) Fosamprenavir

D

Which drug would be classified as a mitotic inhibitor? a.) Fluorouracil b.) Methotrexate c.) Chlorambucil d.) Vincristine

D

Which of the following would be considered a penicillinase-resistant antibiotic? a.) Amoxicillin b.) Ticarcillin c.) Carbenicillin d.) Nafcillin

D

Which of the following would be least likely to cause a drug interaction when rimantadine is prescribed? a.) atropine b.) acetaminophen c.) aspirin d.) ibuprofen

D

CCR5 coreceptor antagonist

Drug that blocks the receptor site that the HIV virus needs to interact with in order to enter the cell

nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor

Drug that competes with the naturally occurring nucleosides within a human cell that the virus needs in order to develop the DNA chain

nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor

Drug that directly binds to the HIV enzyme to prevent the transfer of information that would allow the virus to carry on the formation of the viral DNA

protease inhibitor

Drug that interferes with the enzyme necessary for cell maturation, leaving the HIV particle immature and noninfective and unable to fuse with and inject itself into a cell

integrase inhibitor

Drug that interferes with the virus-specific encoded enzyme needed for viral replication, preventing the formation of the HIV-1 provirus

Gemifloxacin

Fluoroquinolone

Norfloxacin

Fluoroquinolone

Bacteria that are ________-________ are frequently associated with infections of the respiratory tract.

Gram-positive

Azithromycin

Macrolide

Erythromycin

Macrolide

ability to enter circulatory or lymphatic system for travel to other areas

Metastasis

Delavirdine

Nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors

Nevirapine

Nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors

Abacavir

Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors

Zidovudine

Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors

Indinavir

Protease inhibitors

Saquinavir

Protease inhibitors

tumor originating in mesenchyme

Sarcoma

Name the two major groups of cancer.

Solid tumors & henatological malignancies

Some antibiotics are given in combination because they are ____________.

Synergistic

Penicillin

amoxicillin

_____________ bacteria can survive without oxygen.

anaerobic

Cephalosporin

cefaclor

alkylating agents

chlorambucil

Fluroquinolone

cirpofloxacin

Sulfonamide

cotrimoxazole

antineoplastic

doxorubicin

Carbapenen

ertapenem

Macrolide

erythromycin

Aminoglycoside

gentimicin

cancer cell-specific agents

imatinib

antimetablites

methotrexate

hormones and hormone modulators

tamoxifen

mitotic inhibitors

vinceistine