NURSE

Nurses who value client advocacy follow what guideline?

They give priority to the good of the individual client rather than to the good of society in general.

over-the-counter (OTC) drugs

drugs that are available without a prescription for self-treatment of a variety of complaints; deemed to be safe when used as directed; often formerly only available by prescription

A charge nurse has implemented staff education on nursing values. The nurse would determine that further education is required when which statement(s) are overheard? Select all that apply.

"I can't believe the client is giving that precious baby up for adoption." "The gonorrhea test was positive. That's what the client gets for sleeping around." "If that was my mother, I sure wouldn't agree to a no-code."

Which is the most frequent reason for revocation or suspension of a nurse's license?

Alcohol or drug use

Which clinical events constitute areas of potential liability for the nurses involved? Select all that apply.

An elderly client develops skin breakdown on his coccyx because he was turned infrequently. A client experiences a seizure after a missed dose of his scheduled anticonvulsant medication. A confused client experiences a fall because her bed rails were left in a lowered position.

A client refuses to have pain medication administered by injection. The nurse states, "If you don't let me give you the shot, I will get help to hold you down and give it." What tort may the nurse be committing?

Assault

An RN enters a client's room and observes the unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) forcefully pushing a client down on the bed. The client starts crying and informs the UAP of the need to go to the bathroom. What action is the RN witnessing that should be immediately reported to the supervisor?

Battery

The nurse is providing care to a client who had orthopedic surgery. The nurse has medicated the client for pain. However, the client reports that the pain is unrelieved. The nurse takes no further action regarding assessment and intervention for the client's pain. The nurse does not notify the surgeon regarding the client's pain. The nurse's failure to take further action represents which element of liability in this case?

Breach of duty

Nurses practicing in a critical care unit must acquire specialized skills and knowledge to provide care to the critically ill client. These nurses can validate this specialty competence through what process?

Certification

A nurse provides client care within a philosophy of ethical decision-making and professional expectations. What is the nurse using as a framework for practice?

Code of ethics

A nurse on the oncology unit is caring for a client on hospice care. The client is weak and is resting. The client's adult child comes storming onto the unit and demands that the nurse do everything that the nurse can do to treat the mother. This is an example of what type of values conflict?

Family conflict

A nurse working on a busy medical-surgical unit does not take the vital signs of client who is preparing for discharge but instead documents the same vital signs obtained for this client earlier in the morning. For which tort would the nurse be potentially liable?

Fraud

During the orientation to the hospital, the staff development educator discusses unit and institutional-based policies. What is the source of the practice rules that result in unit and institutional-based policies?

Health care institution

In the delivery of care, the nurse acts in accordance with nursing standards and the code of ethics and reports a medication error that the nurse has made. The nurse is most clearly demonstrating which professional value?

Integrity

A home health nurse performs a careful safety assessment of the home of a frail older adult client to prevent harm to the client. The nurse is acting in accord with which principle of bioethics?

Nonmaleficence

A nurse using the principle-based approach to client care seeks to avoid causing harm to clients in all situations. What is this principle known as?

Nonmaleficence

A nurse is caring for a client following endotracheal intubation. Before applying soft wrist restraints to prevent the client from pulling out the endotracheal tube, what is the most appropriate action of the nurse?

Obtain a medical order.

Which is the best definition of ethics?

The formal, systematic study of moral beliefs

phase II study

a clinical study of a proposed drug by selected physicians using actual patients who have the disorder the drug is designed to treat; patients must provide informed consent

phase I study

a pilot study of a potential drug using a small number of selected, usually healthy human volunteers

An alert, older adult has been deemed to be in imminent danger of harm to self and is being held on the mental health unit for 72 hours. The client begins to scream and demand they be discharged now. The nurse informs the client that if they do not stop screaming, they will be given a sedative and placed on restraints. Complete the following sentence by choosing from the lists of options. Legally, the nurse may be charged with _____ because of____

assault. verbally threatening to administer a sedative

nurse exits the room of a confused client without raising the side rails on the bed. The failure to raise the side rails would constitute which element of liability related to malpractice?

breach of duty

drugs

chemicals that are introduced into the body to bring about change

pharmacotherapeutics

clinical pharmacology—the branch of pharmacology that deals with drugs; chemicals that are used in medicine for the treatment, prevention, and diagnosis of disease in humans

phase IV study

continuous evaluation of a drug after it has been released for marketing

adverse effects

drug effects, sometimes called side effects, that are not the desired therapeutic effects; may be unpleasant or even dangerous

generic drugs

drugs sold by their generic name; not brand name or trade name product

Food and Drug Administration (FDA)

federal agency responsible for the regulation and enforcement of drug evaluation and distribution policies

teratogenic

having adverse effects on the fetus

preclinical trials

initial trial of a chemical thought to have therapeutic potential; uses laboratory animals, not human subjects

Ethical distress is:

knowing the correct action but being unable to perform it due to constraints.

brand name

name given to a drug by the pharmaceutical company that developed it; also called a trade name or proprietary name

For each of the behaviors exhibited by the nurse, click to specify whether the behavior upholds the principle of privacy or confidentiality.

sharing.... confid. keep...privacy obtain...privacy logging off...confid. asking... confid.

A client who is cognitively impaired is scheduled to undergo surgery. The nurse demonstrates understanding of the principle of autonomy and checks the client's health record to ensure that consent has been obtained from which person?

surrogate decision-maker

A nurse is providing client care in a hospital setting. Who has full legal responsibility and accountability for the nurse's actions?

the nurse

generic name

the original designation that a drug is given when the drug company that developed it applies for the approval process

pharmacology

the study of the biological effects of chemicals

phase III study

use of a proposed drug on a wide scale in the clinical setting with patients who have the disease the drug is thought to treat

A nurse completing admission paperwork asks the client about having an advanced directive. The client states, "I do not know, what is an advanced directive?" What is the nurse's best response?

"It is a written document that identifies a person's preferences regarding which medical interventions to use in the event of a terminal condition."

Action has been taken against a nurse's license based on a claim that the nurse acted outside of nursing's scope of practice. The nurse's attorney determines that the nurse needs more education about the purpose of the board of nursing when the nurse makes which statement?

"The rules made by the board of nursing don't reflect my practice."

While walking down the hall, a nurse manager overhears a staff member telling a client, "If you don't stay in this chair and stop wandering, I'm going to tie you to it." The nurse manager pulls the staff member aside and discusses what was said. The nurse manager intervenes because the staff member's statement is which type of tort?

Assault

A nurse volunteers to serve on the hospital ethics committee. Which action should the nurse expect to take as a member of the ethics committee?

Assist in decision making based on the client's best interests.

A lawyer quotes a precedent for punishment of a crime committed by the defendant in a trial. What is court-made law known as?

Common law

Which is the nurse's best legal safeguard?

Competent practice

An HIV-positive client discovers that the client's name is published in a research report on HIV care prepared by the client's nurse. The client is hurt and files a lawsuit against the nurse. Which offense has the nurse committed?

Invasion of privacy

What is the primary ethical dilemma posed when using restraints on an older adult client in a long-term care setting who is confused?

It threatens autonomy.

A client is suing a nurse for malpractice. What is the term for the person bringing suit?

Plaintiff

A nurse is reviewing the nurse practice act of the state in which the nurse is licensed. The nurse understands that this act was derived from which source of law

Statutory

The principle of autonomy by a client is applied in which situation?

The client has decided to stop chemotherapy treatments.

A nurse is providing client care in a hospital setting. Who has full legal responsibility and accountability for the nurse's actions?

The nurse

Legal safeguards are in place in the nursing practice to protect the nurse from exposure to legal risks as well as to protect the client from harm. What is an example(s) of legal safeguards for the nurse? Select all that apply

The nurse confirms informed consent was give by the client to perform a procedure. The nurse educates the client about what to expect during the hospital stay. The nurse documents all client care in a timely manner.

A family brings the client to the emergency department in an unconscious state with a head injury. The client requires surgery to remove a blood clot. What would be the appropriate nursing intervention in keeping with the policy of informed consent prior to a surgical procedure?

The nurse confirms that the client's family has signed the consent form.

A client nearing the end of life requests that the client be given no food or fluids. The physician orders the insertion of a nasogastric tube to feed the client. What is the primary concern of the nurse providing care?

The nurse faces an ethical dilemma about inconsistent courses of action.

Which nursing actions best describe the use of the professional value of human dignity? Select all that apply

The nurse includes the client in developing the plan of care. A nurse provides privacy for an older adult client. A nurse plans individualized nursing care for clients. A nurse refuses to discuss a client with a curious friend.

A home care nurse is caring for a quadriplegic client who needs regular position changes and back massages. A visitor identifying as a family friend inquires about helping the family. What should be the nurse's response be?

The nurse should ask the visitor to talk to the family directly.

A client is unhappy with the health care provided and informs the nurse that the client is leaving the facility. The client has not been discharged by the physician. The nurse finds that the client has dressed and is ready to go. What should the nurse's action be in this situation?

The nurse should call and inform the nursing supervisor of the situation.

orphan drugs

drugs that have been discovered but would not be profitable for a drug company to develop; usually drugs that would treat only a small number of people; these orphans can be adopted by drug companies to develop

chemical name

name that reflects the chemical structure of a drug

What is the legal source of rules of conduct for nurses?

nurse practice acts

An older adult was just diagnosed with stage 4 pancreatic cancer. The client states, "I am so overwhelmed and I feel like everyone has already decided that I need to be put in hospice care."

offering to answer questions the client may have about care and treatment options offering to answer questions the client may have about care and treatment options

genetic engineering

process of altering DNA, usually of bacteria, to produce a chemical to be used as a drug

Which of the following illustrates the activity of acting in values clarification?

respecting the human dignity of all clients

The nurse is providing care to a client whose condition has progressively declined. The nurse assesses and makes appropriate interventions as well as notifies the health care provider. Despite the nurse's efforts, the client expires. What element of liability has the nurse demonstrated?

Duty

While at a coworker's house, a nurse discusses with the coworker a client whom the nurse suspects of physically abusing the client's child. The next day, the client is moved to another nursing unit after a surgical procedure and comes under the care of the coworker, who is also a nurse. The coworker confronts the client about the alleged physical abuse. The client is shocked and angered by the accusation and denies it categorically. What would be the charge if the client were to file a suit?

The first nurse could be charged with slander.

A group of nurse researchers has proposed a study to examine the efficacy of a new wound care product. Which aspect of the methodology demonstrates that the nurses are attempting to maintain the ethical principle of nonmaleficence?

The nurses are taking every reasonable measure to ensure that no participants experience impaired wound healing as a result of the study intervention.

Which is a characteristic of the care-based approach to bioethics?

The promotion of the dignity and respect of clients as people

When providing nursing care to clients, the nurse is required to adhere to ethical values and legal rules to guide practice behavior. Which values would be included? Select all that apply.

Veracity Fidelity Privacy Confidentiality