Nursing 100 Exam 1 : Concept Based Curriculum, What is Nursing?, Nursing Theories/Roles
34. What are some challenges of modern day nursing?
a growing population of hospitalized patients who are older and more acutely ill, increasing healthcare cost, and the need to stay current with rapid advances in medical knowledges and technology
20. What is Evidence Based Practice (EBP)?
a problem solving approach to make clinical decisions using the best evidence available
What is the concept of learning?
a process of active contruction: A social phenomenon as well as an individual experience
Proficient
a resource to less experienced, see the "big picture", forecast needs, plan with intuition, and flexible and fluent
13. Define health
a state of optimum function of well-being including physical, mental, and social components
26. What is the National Student Nurses Association (NSNA)?
a way for students enrolled in nursing education programs to practice self governance, advocate for student and patient rights, and take action on social and political issues
Advanced Beginner
after exposure, improve performance, repeating and mentoring, you recognize elements of situations
How do we engage in christian nursing?
allowing the Holy Spirit to guide us
What is the concept of teaching?
an intellectual work; teachers have a range of roles including information delivered and team coach
2. Rationales also come from:
anatomy, physiology, chemistry, psychology, sociology, nutrition
Nurses used to be called the...
angels of mercy and then handmaidens
3. Nursing is both an __________ and a ________
art and a science
29. What are some of the standards as defined by ANA's Nursing Scope and Standards of Practice?
assessment, diagnosis, outcomes identification, planning, implementation, coordination of care, health teaching and promotion, evaluation
What are 5 Nursing Standards?
assessment, diagnosis, planning, outcome identification, evaluation
15 cont. List examples of restoring health
assessments (blood pressure), referrals to other services, direct care to the ill (administering medicine, carrying out treatments and procedures), collabing with other healthcare professionals, rehab, mental health programs
1. Nursing is a profession focused on:
assisting people, families, and communities to attain, recover, and maintain optimum health and function for all ages
What's an associate degree vs. a bachelor?
associate is 2 years of school while bachelor is 4. Both can be RN's but bachelors have more freedom in the field than associates
16. What theory theme of nursing is Betty Newman known for?
humans are in constant relationship with stressors in the environment; keeping patients system stable during environment stressors
What is Promoting Health?
identifying and maximizing patient strengths; promoting healthy behaviors to the healthy
19 cont. What is the function of the LPN
it is a credential to practice nursing, LPN's work under a healthcare provider or RN to give direct care to patients
17. Why is nursing considered a profession?
it is a well defined body of specific knowledge, has strong service orientation, recognized authority by a personal group, contains code of ethics, professional organization that sets standards, has ongoing research, and autonomy and self regulation.
20 cont. Why do nurses use EBP?
it is the best research and considers patients preferences and values in-care decisions essential to providing optimal care
6. What is scientific knowledge?
knowledge based on the scientific method aka implying through research (new ideas being tested and measured through research)
30. Nurse Practice Acts are...
laws stablished in each state to regulate nursing practice
What do the Nurse Practice Acts do?
laws that regulate and define the legal scope nursing practice creates the state board of nursing who enforce rules define important requirements for RNs and LPNs establish criteria for licensure
18. For nurses to legally practice, each must hold a _________ issued by the state in which they practice.
license
19. What is an LPN
licensed practical nurse
What is the concept of Christian commitment?
love, obey, and follow God with your whole being
14. What theory theme is Florence Nightingale known for?
meeting the personal needs of a patient within the environment
23. What are the benefits belonging to a professional nursing organization?
networking with colleges, voice of legislation, and keeping current trends in nursing
What are the 5 stages of Patricia Benner's model?
novice advanced beginner competent proficient expert
Why use concept based curriculum?
nurses need to have a generalized knowledge base that can be used for many scenarios
What is nursing?
nurses provide care in the midst of health, pain, loss, death, growth, and transition on the frontlines
5. What is a drawback of hospital schools?
resulted in a lack of clear guidelines separating nursing service and nursing education
Expert
sees need and knows how to do it, trust and use intuition, deep understanding, expert skills
15. What theory theme is Dorothea Orem known for?
self-care (a human need and deficits require nursing actions) ; nurses provide interventions to provide/manage self care
What is the concept of Agape love?
selfless, sacrificial, and unconditional love based off of Jesus' love. A love that's caring for strangers; not emotional but love in action.
What does christian nursing strive for?
to promote optimum health and compassion as well as spiritual and professional growth, relying on prayer and using our strengths.
14. Define prevention
to reduce the risk of illness
Why do we engage in christian nursing?
to serve God and provide hope in the hopeless by being educated on what to expect and what to say.
What is the concept of caring?
umbrella for engaging in relationships and providing meaningful exchanges with patients; special attention
19. How do professional nurses use nursing theories?
use it to collect, organize, classify patient data for understanding, analyze, and interpret patients health
What considers nursing a professional discipline?
well-defined body of specific and unique knowledge, strong service orientation, code of ethics, recognized authority by a professional group, Organization that sets standards, ongoing research, and autonomy/self regulation
11. No matter the theory, what is the goal?
holistic patient care individualized to meet needs, promote health, and provide/treat illness
What is the art of nursing?
how you deliver care according to your knowledge base; bedside manner and calling
Who was Clara Burton?
a "lay" nurse; during the civil car cared for injured soldiers despite north or south, black or white
8. What is a theory?
a composed group of concepts that describe a pattern of reality
What is the concept of calling?
a gift from God offering salvation and relationship;a way of life that responds to grace received. Calling us to offer our lives for His service.
9. What is a nursing theory?
developed to describe nursing
Roles of a Nurse: Leader
- Peter Drucker: "one who does the right things" - strategized to deliver high quality patient care in a positive environment - poised, confident, self-directed, problem solver, passionate, committed, trustworthy, accessible, respectful, empathetic, and caring - change agent, team player, good communicator
Roles of a Nurse: Communicator
- allows nurses to get to know patient - communication: the building block of professional relationships - most important element in determining "helper" effectiveness
Roles of a Nurse: Researcher
- conducts/participates in research to expand knowledge - sees a problem; desires to find a solution - dogs deep to improve nursing
Roles of a Nurse: Advocate
- goes to stand up for those without access, knowledge or connections - secures care/provides options based on all patients have the right to make informed decisions about their care
3. What are some issues that nurses address?
- promotional of health/wellness/safety/care - all pain - relationships , role performance - social policies and their effects on health - healthcare systems
What does Leiningers Cultural Competence model do?
- provide culturally/responsible care and ways to do that - caring improves human conditions and life processes - nurse makes cultural accommodations...requires special cultural knowledge - adapt nursing care to cultural similarities/differences
Roles of a Nurse: Teacher
- provides knowledge patients need to make informed health decisions and healthcare plans - individualizes care to help meet knowledge deficits - ex: teach families how to toddler-proof house
Roles of a Nurse: Counselor
- provides resources and supports patients needs to actively participate in self care and to facilitate their coping with the unchangeable - counsel those at risk but also the already affected
What does Watson's Science of Human Caring do?
- teaches how to care + not work like machine - instill faith and hope - be sensitive to self and others - provide a helping+trusting patient relationship - create problem-solving care - be supportive, protective, and provide encouraging environment
12. What are the 4 common concepts of nursing theories?
- the patient - the environment - health - nursing
Roles of a Nurse: Collaborator
- uses organization, communication, and advocacy to work within a team to provide care - teammate for optimum patient outcomes
What makes nursing unique?
-Nursing is a body of knowledge and the application of that knowledge is nursing interventions (actions). -The body of knowledge provides the rationale (the WHY) for our interventions. -Rationales come from anatomy, physiology, chemistry, nutrition, psychology, sociology, and many sciences.
Roles of a Nurse: Caregiver
-provide holistic care to meet needs -PIES care
9 cont. What do nursing theories do?
differentiates nursing by describing, predicting, and controlling desired outcomes of nursing care providers
36. What are the 4 messages from IOM's The Future of Nursing report?
1. nurses should practice to the full extent of their practice and training 2. nurses should achieve higher levels of training in nursing through an improved education system that promotes seamless academic transition 3. nurses should be full partners with other healthcare providers in redesigning healthcare 4. effective workforce planning and policy making require beta data collection and an improved information infrastructure
21. What is an associate degree? Can they be an RN?
2 years of nursing school; they can be an RN but have restrictions on position of work placement. They are skilled and prepared to carry out nursing roles and functions
21 cont. What is a baccalaureate prepared nurse?
4 years of school built on a general education base, with concentration on nursing at the upper level
Who is the lady with the lamp?
Florence Nightingale
Who were the handmaidens?
Nurses were called this after angels of mercy. Referenced how they worked in dependence to doctors.
Who were the angels of mercy?
Nurses were called this in history. Referenced how they influenced religion, wisdom and devotion to patients, visited and cared for the sick despite the risk. Self sacrificing
4 roles of Holistic Nursing
Physical, Intellectual, Emotional, Spritiual
Describe the 4 roles of holistic nursing
Physical: taking care of patients needs Intellectual: educating patients and family Emotional: hold their hand, make them laugh Spiritual: read your bible to them, pray for them
What are the 4 arms of nursing
Promoting health, Restoring health, Preventing illness, Facilitating Coping of Disability and Death
8. International Council of Nurses nursing definition states that nursing includes:
autonomous and collaborative care of all ages and communities, sick or well.
16. How do nurses facilitate coping with disability and death?
by maximizing the persons strengths and potentials through teaching and referral to community support systems; provide care to the families
What are the 4 concepts of Christian worldview of Nursing?
calling, caring, agape love, and christian commitment
What are the 8 roles of a nurse?
caregiver communicator counselor collaborator teacher researcher advocate leader
12. What are the roles of nurses?
caregiver, communicator, collaborator, counselor, teacher, researcher, advocate, leader
17. What theory theme of nursing is Madeline Leninger known for?
caring is the central theme of nursing, care, knowledge, and practice
comorbidity
coexistence of two or more diseases
5. What is authoritative knowledge?
comes from an expert and is truth based on the perceived expertise (a senior nurse teaching a new nurse a more efficient way to do something)
What are some trends to watch for in nursing?
concept based curriculum age population nursing shortage (older work force) community based nursing high unemployment (few people with insurance) more education consumers (more mid-level nurses)
What's being promoted in Concept Based Curriculum?
critical thinking and collaboration skills
22. What are the concerns of nursing's professional organizations?
current issues in nursing and healthcare, and influence healthcare policy and legislation
Nursing theory...
describes, explains, predicts, and controls desired outcomes of nursing care practices and highlights the focus of nursing
What is the helping role of the nurse?
describing how nurses acquire clinical skills and judgement expertise: personal integration of knowledge requiring technical skill, thoughtful application, and insight requiring thinking, doing, and caring
28. "______ _______ is accountable for his/her own quality of practice and is responsible for the use of these standards to ensure knowledgeable, safe, and comprehensive nursing care."
each nurse
What does Christian nursing look like?
empathetic, genuine, intentional, respectful, and non-judgementmal. focused, dynamic care inspired by Jesus.
What were some contributions of Florence Nightingale?
environment alterations for health, lobbied politicians for public health reform need, promoted public health, promoted epidemiology, lowered Hospital Acquired Infections rate, wrote healthcare books
25. What is the focus of the American Association of Colleges of Nursing (AACN)?
establishing quality educational standards, influencing nursing program to improve healthcare, and promoting public support of baccalaureate and graduate education, research, and nursing practice.
4. What are some contributions of Florence Nightingale?
establishing standards for hospital management, first nursing education school, stated nursing and medicine are separate, infection control, importance of light and environment, improved nutrition, lowered infection and rate from theories
2. Nurses act as a bridge between:
extremely vulnerable public and the healthcare resources ; can make the difference between life and death, health and disease/disability, and wellbeing and discomfort.
Competence
few years of practice, additional experience/complex issues, manage and prioritize patients
What is Preventing Illness?
focuses on avoidance of disease and injury
15. Define the aim of restoring health
focuses on the ill person and range from early disease detection to rehabilitation in teaching during recovery
What is Restoring Health?
fostering a return to health for those who are sick
7 cont. A nurse (nourished) is a person who
fosters, protects and is prepared to take care of the sick, injured, aged, and dying
Factors Effecting Health
genetic inheritance, cognitive abilities, educational level, race/ethnicity, age/gender, developmental level, socioeconomic status, lifestyle, environment
20. Who may sit for the NCLEX-RN?
graduates of a diploma, associate degree, and baccalaureate programs
33. What is the Board of Nursing and what does it do?
had the legal authority to allow graduates of approved schools of nursing to take the licensing exam; this license allows the nurse to practice in the state
What does the ANA say nursing is?
nursing is the protection, promotion, and optimization of health and abilities, prevention from illness/injury, helping by diagnosing and treating, and advocacy
35. What are some trends to watch for in nursing education?
nursing shortages will offer unique opportunities, job opportunities are expanding outside the hospital, nurses will play a bigger role in communities, technology will play a larger role in nursing, and nurses will collaborate more with other healthcare providers
4. What is traditional knowledge?
nursing traditions passed down from generations (changing bedclothes daily)
Novice
onset of education, receptive to education and learning the rules
6. Now that nursing is based on educational objectives, what are some ways the profession has broadened?
practice in a wide variety of healthcare settings, the development of a specific body of knowledge, conduct/publication of research, and the recognition of the role of nursing in promotion quality healthcare
What is facilitating the coping of disability and disease?
promote respectful care of the dying and disable along with their families
14 cont. What are some examples of prevention?
promoting healthy eating habits and lifestyle, educational programs (prenatal care, stress reduction seminars) and community programs (exercise classes), and health assessments
32. What are some common elements in each states Nursing Practice Acts?
protecting the public, creating a state board of nursing to enforce rules, defining important terms and activities in nursing and establishing the criteria for the education and licensure of nurses
what is health?
state of optimal functioning or well-being; not the absence of disease
What theory did Patricia Benner promote?
the caring theory
What is the science of nursing?
the knowledge base for the care that is given; application of theory to practice
31. Nurse Practice Acts are put into place to protect the public by defining;
the legal scope of nursing practice excluding untrained or licensed people from practicing
13. No matter the theory, the focus of nursing is:
the patient
10. The central focus of all nursing definitions is
the patient; including the physical, emotional, social, and spiritual dimensions of that person.
9. American Nurses Association ANA defines nursing as
the protection, promotion, and optimization of health and abilities, prevention of illness and injury, facilitation of healing, alleviation of suffering through diagnosis and treatment, and advocacy as a caregiver
1. The body of nursing provides _____ ______________ for nursing interventions
the rationale
3 cont. What does it mean that nursing is an art and a science?
the science of nursing is the knowledge base for the care given; the art of nursing is the skilled application of that knowledge to help others achieve maximum health and quality of life
18. What theory theme of nursing is Patricia Benner known for?
the stages of nursing practice: novice, advanced beginner, competent, proficient, and expert
27. What are nursing standards?
they allow nurses to carry out professional roles protecting the nurse, patient, and institution where healthcare is provided
10. Why does nursing have theories?
they guide nursing practice by providing a knowledge base, organizing concepts, guidelines for practice, and identifying care goals
What is the purpose of nursing standards?
they're authoritative statements and activities specific to nursing that all RNs are expected to complete
24. What is the primary mission of the American Nurses Association?
to advance the profession of nursing to improve health for all
Why the Christian World View of Nursing?
to be the character of christian and to increase patient satisfaction
What are some of the focuses of nursing?
to care promote autonomy manipulate environment help develop personal/community living prevent issues self care mobilize inner resources reduce stress factors
7. the Institute of Nursing's report 'The Future of Nursing' lists what priorities for transforming nursing?
to meet the current and future health needs of patients and act as full partners in leading change and advancing health
7. Nurse means "___________":
to nourish
11. What are the 4 broad aims of nursing?
to promote health, prevent illness, restore health, and facilitate coping with disability or death