NUTR 1030 CHP. 5
aspartame
People with phenylketonuria (PKU) should avoid the artificial sweetener ____ because of its high phenylalanine content
T/F: for weight management use honey rather than table sugar (sucrose) to sweeten foods
false
lactose
milk and other dairy products and major food sources of ____ (a disaccharide).
- fructose - glucose
nutritionally similar to table sugar, honey contains
the artificial sweetener ____ is considered useful in baking because it resists destruction by heat
sucralose
cause diarrhea
sugar alcohols consumed in large amounts may ____
they are not fully absorbed in the intestinal tract
sugar alcohols cost only 2 kcal/gram because ____
38, 25
the AI for fiber is ____ g/day for men and ____ g/day for women
130
the RDA for carbohydrate is ____ g/day
hypoglycemia may be diagnosed when the blood glucose level is ____
less than 70 mg/dL
_____, or malt sugar, has two glucose molecules bonded together
maltose
is milk a natural source of sucrose?
no
- Latino/Hispanic Americans - Native Americans - African Americans
what american populations are at a particularly high risk for the development of type 2 diabetes?
type 2 diabetes
which type of diabetes is characterized by insulin resitance and often associated with obesity?
the ADIs for nonnutritive sweeteners do not apply to which of the following groups?
applies to all
- alternative sweeteners - artificial sweeteners
select all of the terms that describe food additives that sweeten but provide few or no calories per serving
intestinal cells absorb glucose and ____ by active transport; ____ is absorbed by facilitated diffusion
galactose, fructose
store glucose in the body
the primary function of glycogen is to
- galactose - glucose
which 2 monoasaccharides are components of the milk sugar lactose?
stevia
which alternative sweetener is derived from a south american shrub?
nutritive
which of the following types of sweeteners provides calories to the diet?
aspartame
which alternative sweetener contains the amino acids phenylalanine and aspartic acid?
- lactose - maltose - sucrose
which of the following are disaccharides?
wotf can be converted into glucose?
amino acids
maltose
what is produced when 2 glucose molecules are bonded together?
because they have fewer calories
what would be the health benefit of having sugar alcohols instead of sugars in a food product?
levulose
which is another name for fructose?
aspartame
which of the following alternative sweeteners cannot be used for cooking?
- waist circumference >/=35 inches (women) - triglycerides >/=150mg/dL
which of the following are signs of metabolic syndrome?
- sorbitol - xylitol - mannitol
which of the following are sugar alcohols?
dextrose
which of the following is another term for glucose?
which two monosaccharides are components of the milk sugar lactose?
- glucose - galactose
cyclamate
an alternative sweetener that was once thought to cause bladder cancer, but now is considered safe though still banned in the U.S. is called ____
galactose
the monoasaccharide ____, is not commonly found in foods
18-19
what is the maximum number of 12-oz. cans of diet soft drinks an adult can consume and not exceed the acceptable daily intake of aspartame?
insulin- decreases blood glucose - glucagon- increases blood glucose
match the hormone with its effect on blood glucose
bloodstream
ketosis is the condition of having a high concentration of ketone bodies in the _____
- a special carbohydrate controlled diet - regular physical activity
treatment for women with gestational diabetes includes
liver; muscles
glucose is stored in the form of glycogen in the ____ and in the ____
- converted to glucose - converted to fat
what are the two potential fates of fructose after it is consumed?
1. eating a meal 2. elevated blood glucose 3. insulin released from the pancreas 4. blood glucose level returns to normal
rank the order of blood glucose regulation beginning with eating a meal
- vitamins - calcium
what are the important nutrients that milk and milk products provide?
though the AI for men is 38 g/day and 25 g/day for women, the typical American diet only supplies about ____g of dietary fiber per day
17
mono-saccharide
Place the hyphen correctly in the word "monoasaccharide" to indicate the prefix and the word stem
true
T or F: honey contains spores of the bacterium Clostridium botulinum and can be fatal if given to infants
sugar alcohols
____ are used in some types of gum, breath mints, and candy because they are not readily metabolized by bacteria to acids in the mouth and thus do not promote tooth decay
complex
____ carbohydrates have three or more monosaccharides bonded together
high-fructose corn syrup
____ is a sweetener/food additive obtained from the processing of corn
carbohydrates
_____ are a major source of energy for cells
- HCFS - table sugar
consumption of beverages sweetened with which of the following is associated with excess caloric intake and can contribute to an increased risk for diabetes and heart disease
glucose
what is the major monosaccharide in the body?
in which food category is galactose typically found?
dairy
____ ____ is a serious chronic disease characterized by abnormal glucose, fat, and protein metabolism
diabetes mellitus
aspartame
health problems such as headache, immune system diseases, and certain cancers have been associated with the use of ____, an alternative sweetener, but the health problems have not been confirmed with research
1. kidney beans (1 cup) 2. kellogg's all-bran cereal (1/2 cup) 3. raspberries (1 cup) 4. banana (1 cup) 5. white bread (1 sclice)
rank the fiber content of the following foods beginning with the food that has the highest fiber content and ending with the food that has the lowest fiber content
1. beans 2. fruits 3. breads
rank the food categories beginning with those that have the highest fiber content and ending with the category that has the lowest fiber content
no more detrimental
research supports that consuming HFCS is ____ to health than consuming regular table sugar.
alternative sweeteners
substances added to food that sweeten the item while providing few or no calories are known as
- glucose - fructose
sucrose is made up of which two monosaccharides?
- carrots - maple syrup
what are some natural food sources of surcrose?
wotf are included in the classification of carbohydrates?
- complex carbohydrates - simple carbohydrates
why is high-fructose corn syrup such a commonly used food additive?
- corn is ready available in the U.S. - fructose is sweeter than glucose