NUTR 1030 CHP. 5

aspartame

People with phenylketonuria (PKU) should avoid the artificial sweetener ____ because of its high phenylalanine content

T/F: for weight management use honey rather than table sugar (sucrose) to sweeten foods

false

lactose

milk and other dairy products and major food sources of ____ (a disaccharide).

- fructose - glucose

nutritionally similar to table sugar, honey contains

the artificial sweetener ____ is considered useful in baking because it resists destruction by heat

sucralose

cause diarrhea

sugar alcohols consumed in large amounts may ____

they are not fully absorbed in the intestinal tract

sugar alcohols cost only 2 kcal/gram because ____

38, 25

the AI for fiber is ____ g/day for men and ____ g/day for women

130

the RDA for carbohydrate is ____ g/day

hypoglycemia may be diagnosed when the blood glucose level is ____

less than 70 mg/dL

_____, or malt sugar, has two glucose molecules bonded together

maltose

is milk a natural source of sucrose?

no

- Latino/Hispanic Americans - Native Americans - African Americans

what american populations are at a particularly high risk for the development of type 2 diabetes?

type 2 diabetes

which type of diabetes is characterized by insulin resitance and often associated with obesity?

the ADIs for nonnutritive sweeteners do not apply to which of the following groups?

applies to all

- alternative sweeteners - artificial sweeteners

select all of the terms that describe food additives that sweeten but provide few or no calories per serving

intestinal cells absorb glucose and ____ by active transport; ____ is absorbed by facilitated diffusion

galactose, fructose

store glucose in the body

the primary function of glycogen is to

- galactose - glucose

which 2 monoasaccharides are components of the milk sugar lactose?

stevia

which alternative sweetener is derived from a south american shrub?

nutritive

which of the following types of sweeteners provides calories to the diet?

aspartame

which alternative sweetener contains the amino acids phenylalanine and aspartic acid?

- lactose - maltose - sucrose

which of the following are disaccharides?

wotf can be converted into glucose?

amino acids

maltose

what is produced when 2 glucose molecules are bonded together?

because they have fewer calories

what would be the health benefit of having sugar alcohols instead of sugars in a food product?

levulose

which is another name for fructose?

aspartame

which of the following alternative sweeteners cannot be used for cooking?

- waist circumference >/=35 inches (women) - triglycerides >/=150mg/dL

which of the following are signs of metabolic syndrome?

- sorbitol - xylitol - mannitol

which of the following are sugar alcohols?

dextrose

which of the following is another term for glucose?

which two monosaccharides are components of the milk sugar lactose?

- glucose - galactose

cyclamate

an alternative sweetener that was once thought to cause bladder cancer, but now is considered safe though still banned in the U.S. is called ____

galactose

the monoasaccharide ____, is not commonly found in foods

18-19

what is the maximum number of 12-oz. cans of diet soft drinks an adult can consume and not exceed the acceptable daily intake of aspartame?

insulin- decreases blood glucose - glucagon- increases blood glucose

match the hormone with its effect on blood glucose

bloodstream

ketosis is the condition of having a high concentration of ketone bodies in the _____

- a special carbohydrate controlled diet - regular physical activity

treatment for women with gestational diabetes includes

liver; muscles

glucose is stored in the form of glycogen in the ____ and in the ____

- converted to glucose - converted to fat

what are the two potential fates of fructose after it is consumed?

1. eating a meal 2. elevated blood glucose 3. insulin released from the pancreas 4. blood glucose level returns to normal

rank the order of blood glucose regulation beginning with eating a meal

- vitamins - calcium

what are the important nutrients that milk and milk products provide?

though the AI for men is 38 g/day and 25 g/day for women, the typical American diet only supplies about ____g of dietary fiber per day

17

mono-saccharide

Place the hyphen correctly in the word "monoasaccharide" to indicate the prefix and the word stem

true

T or F: honey contains spores of the bacterium Clostridium botulinum and can be fatal if given to infants

sugar alcohols

____ are used in some types of gum, breath mints, and candy because they are not readily metabolized by bacteria to acids in the mouth and thus do not promote tooth decay

complex

____ carbohydrates have three or more monosaccharides bonded together

high-fructose corn syrup

____ is a sweetener/food additive obtained from the processing of corn

carbohydrates

_____ are a major source of energy for cells

- HCFS - table sugar

consumption of beverages sweetened with which of the following is associated with excess caloric intake and can contribute to an increased risk for diabetes and heart disease

glucose

what is the major monosaccharide in the body?

in which food category is galactose typically found?

dairy

____ ____ is a serious chronic disease characterized by abnormal glucose, fat, and protein metabolism

diabetes mellitus

aspartame

health problems such as headache, immune system diseases, and certain cancers have been associated with the use of ____, an alternative sweetener, but the health problems have not been confirmed with research

1. kidney beans (1 cup) 2. kellogg's all-bran cereal (1/2 cup) 3. raspberries (1 cup) 4. banana (1 cup) 5. white bread (1 sclice)

rank the fiber content of the following foods beginning with the food that has the highest fiber content and ending with the food that has the lowest fiber content

1. beans 2. fruits 3. breads

rank the food categories beginning with those that have the highest fiber content and ending with the category that has the lowest fiber content

no more detrimental

research supports that consuming HFCS is ____ to health than consuming regular table sugar.

alternative sweeteners

substances added to food that sweeten the item while providing few or no calories are known as

- glucose - fructose

sucrose is made up of which two monosaccharides?

- carrots - maple syrup

what are some natural food sources of surcrose?

wotf are included in the classification of carbohydrates?

- complex carbohydrates - simple carbohydrates

why is high-fructose corn syrup such a commonly used food additive?

- corn is ready available in the U.S. - fructose is sweeter than glucose