NUTR 201 Ch. 4
A high- _________ dietary pattern is clearly associated with development of dental caries.
Carbohydrates
Which macronutrients provide 4 kilocalories per gram ?
Carbohydrates
What is a risk of consuming sugars in the diet ?
Dental caries (cavities)
Which of the following are good sources of viscous fiber ?
Kidney beans, apples, carrots
Milk and other dairy products are major food sources of ______ (a disaccharide).
Lactose
What is a fiber that is not easily metabolized by intestinal bacteria called ?
Nonfermentable fiber
Fiber is considered a ______
Polysaccharide- fibers differ from starches because they cannot be digested by human enzymes
What type of carbohydrate is formed by linking many glucose units together ?
Polysaccharides
True or False: The main function of glucose is to provide the body with a source of fuel.
True
What are some natural food sources of sucrose ?
Sugar beets, maple sugar
According to the food and nutrition board, carbohydrates should provide ____ % to ____% of total calories in the diet
45%, 65%
Which description best describes a starch ?
A carbohydrate made of multiple units of glucose attached together in a form the body can digest
________, or malt sugar, has two glucose molecules bonded together.
Maltose
Differentiate between the following types of digestion starch
- Amylopectin: highly branched chain of glucose units - Amylose: straight chain of glucose units
Which monosaccharides are components of the milk sugar lactose ?
- Glucose - Galactose
Digestion of carbohydrates by human enzymes takes place in which sections of the gastrointestinal tract?
- Small Intestines: enzymes produced by the pancreas and the absorptive cells lining the small intestine digest carbohydrates - mouth: salivary amylase begins the process of starch digestion
Which is true about fiber ?
- a substance found in plants - Is a complex carbohydrate - adds bulk to feces
Which of the following types of fruit are great sources of dietary fiber ?
- cut-up - whole
Match the hormone with its effect on blood glucose
- insulin: decrease blood glucose - glucagon: increase blood glucose
A high-fiber diet is helpful for weight management because
- its bulk contributes to satiety - it provides few calories
Name the long, straight-chain type of starch that makes up about 20% of digestible starch
Amylose
Which monosaccharide is commonly found as a component in fruit ?
Fructose
Name the major monosaccharide found in the body
Glucose
Which are major storage sites for glycogen ?
Liver and muscle