NUTR 3362 Ch.1: The Basics of Nutrition

1 kilocalorie is equal to how many Calories?

1 kilocalorie = 1 Calorie

1 kilocalorie is equal to how many calories?

1 kilocalorie = 1000 calories

How many kilocalories are provided from a food containing 4 grams of protein?

16 kilocalories

What is the kilocalorie difference between one gram of fat and one gram of carbohydrate?

5 kcal

How many kilocalories is provided by 10 grams of pure alcohol?

70 kilocalories

An energy intake greater than energy expenditure results in:

Body fat increases

Match the nutrient with its function. Nutrients: Carbohydrate, lipid, protein, water. Functions: Cellular development, growth, & maintenance. Primary role is to provide energy. Temperature regulation. Necessary for the absorption of certain vitamins.

Carbohydrate - primary role is to provide energy. Lipid - necessary for the absorption of certain vitamins. Protein - cellular development, growth, & maintenance. Water - temperature regulation.

What are the macronutrients?

Carbohydrates, fats, & proteins

A person's usual pattern of food intake is called:

Diet

What would be effective in decreasing a person's risk for premature death?

Exercising regularly & consuming fruits and vegtables

Poor eating habits contribute to the leading causes of death to Americans? The top two leading causes of death to Americans are ________?

Heart disease & cancer

What are examples of life-threatening & chronic diseases that result from a poor diet & lack of exercise?

Heart disease, some types of cancer, & diabetes mellitus (type 2)

Energy source is the function of which nutrient?

Lipids

What is the state of health when the body is improperly nourished, including under- and overnutrition?

Malnutrition

Malnourished children are especially susceptible to ________?

Measles

Special diets prescribed for people with chronic health conditions are called:

Medical nutrition therapies

What is the term used to describe the intake of a vitamin and mineral that is 10 times the recommended amount?

Megadose

________ is the study of how the body uses nutrients.

Nutrition

True of false? On a food label, a Calorie is really a kilocalorie.

True

Regulation of body processes is the function of which nutrient?

Vitamins

What are the micronutrients?

Vitamins & minerals

Regulation of body temperature is the function of which nutrient?

Water

________ is considered the most essential nutrient.

Water

The best food for young infants is ________ ________.

breast milk

The heat energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water 1 degree Celsius.

calorie

The information we know about the relationship between diet and health is:

constantly evolving

When a nutrient is missing of deficient in the diet, a ________ disease occurs.

deficiency

A nutrient that must be supplied by food & cannot be made in sufficient quantities by the body is called a(n) ________ nutrient.

essential

Compared to the past, today's typical American consumes:

less red meat, milk, & eggs more refined products more fish, cheese & poultry

Dietary moderation can be achieved by:

limiting serving sizes and choosing nutrient-dense foods

The typical American today consumes ________ fat, sugar, & total kcalories than in 1970.

more

There are ________ foods that will cure or prevent cancer

no

The body breaks food down into ________such as carbohydrates, fat, and protein.

nutrients

What is the substance found in many plants that is not considered a nutrient but has many healthful benefits?

phytochemicals

The effects of malnutrition can be devastating on the following stages of rapid growth:

pregnancy, childhood, infancy

Most foods contain a mixture of ________.

protein, fat, carbohydrate

Some strategies to reduce poverty and hungry include:

provide food aid, learn more efficient ways to grow food

The term the describes farming methods that do not deplete natural resources of harm the environment is ________ ________.

sustainable agriculture

The nutritional needs of healthy people ________ during different life stages.

vary

The nutrient that compromises the largest percentage of the body of the healthy man or woman is ________.

water

Lipids contain ________ kcal per gram.

9

The heat energy needed to raise the temperature of 1000 grams of water 1 degree Celsius.

Kilocalorie

What system of measurement is used in nutrition?

Metric

Regulation of fluid balance is the function of which nutrient?

Minerals

Heredity, lifestyle choices, and nutritional habits are all examples of

risk factors

To achieve nutritional adequacy one should consume a variety of foods from the following food groups:

Fruits, low-fat or fat-free dairy products, & whole grains.