nutrition (15-20)

________ is the production of milk by cells that line the mammary alveoli in breast tissue.

Lactation

Which of the following supplies the least energy during physical activity?

Protein

Community gardens are becoming more common at assisted living facilities, senior centers, and retirement communities. Which of the following are health benefits associated with older adults participating in gardening activities?

(All of these choices are correct) Improved balance reduced loneliness Improved mood

To minimize risk for food-borne illness, ground beef should be used within _______ days of storage in the refrigerator (41oF).

1-2

Globally, in 2019, approximately _______ of the world population was undernourished.

10%

Zara is preparing scrambled eggs for a family brunch. She should ensure that she cooks the eggs to a minimum internal temperature of _______.

145ºF

Complementary foods are introduced into the diet of an infant when they demonstrate readiness to consume solid foods. This is typically around _______ of age.

4-6 months

A toddler who weighs 25 pounds needs to consume about ________ kcal per day.

930

Holly is a healthy woman who is 22 years of age. Using this information, calculate her target heart rate zone for moderate-intensity physical activity.

99 to 139 bpm

Elena recently found out that she is pregnant and wants to know if she can continue her regular daily physical activity routine. Which of the following recommendations might you make to Elena in terms of physical activity during pregnancy?

Avoid maximal load strength training

Which of the following activities is typically considered a moderate intensity physical activity?

Bicycling (slower than 10 mph)

Globally, which of the following vitamins or minerals is NOT one of the top four micronutrient deficiencies associated with undernutrition?

Calcium

Which of the following minerals is often lacking in the diets of older adults?

Calcium

Which of the following is not a typical sign or symptom of food-borne illness?

Chest pain

The ________ prohibits food manufacturers from adding a new compound to food that causes cancer

Delaney Clause of the Food Additives Amendment

Which of the following foods is not a likely source of food-borne pathogens?

Dried apricots

Which of the following U.S. government agencies oversees the quality of drinking water?

Environmental Protection Agency

Which federal agency is responsible for publishing the Food Code every four years that assists state and local health officials in developing regulations?

FDA

According to the 2020-2025 Dietary Guidelines for Americans, which of the following beverages is the most appropriate for a child who is 18 months old?

Full-fat milk

Which of the following statements is true?

In the United States, life expectancy is about 79 years.

Which of the following vitamins or minerals is one of the four leading micronutrient deficiencies worldwide?

Iron

Which of the following statements is true?

It is not unusual for children to have food jags.

Many tissues in a woman's body change and grow during pregnancy. For the average pregnancy, which tissue or component contributes most significantly to the normal weight gain experienced during pregnancy?

Maternal blood

Which of the following conditions is a common nutrition-related sign of early pregnancy that occurs in many healthy pregnant women?

Morning sickness

Which of the following statements is true?

Most physically active people should consume 20 to 35% of their total energy intake from fat.

Which energy system is most active during short bursts of high-intensity activity?

PCr-ATP energy system

Which of the following statements is true?

Pregnant women, very young children, and people who have weakened immune systems have high risk of food-borne illness.

________ is the loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength combined with an increase in body fat.

Sarcopenic obesity

The largest food assistance program in the United States, aiding about 40 million Americans each year, is the ________

Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP)

________ is a farming method that does not deplete natural resources or harm the environment while meeting the demand for food

Sustainable agriculture

Which of the following vitamins is often lacking in the diets of older adults, especially elderly women?

Vitamin D

Which of the following statements about infertility is FALSE?

While nutrition is important following conception, there is little evidence that diet impacts infertility.

Which of the following are characteristics of food deserts?

[All of these choices are correct] A person living in an urban community lives further than 0.5 miles away from the nearest grocery store. A person living in this area is likely to be low-income. A person living in this area has difficulty obtaining nutritious foods. A person living in a rural community lives further than 10 miles away from the nearest grocery store.

Anna would like to offer a high-fiber, nutrient-dense snack to her healthy 4-year-old son. Based on this information, she should serve ________.

a small unpeeled apple that has been cut into wedges

Elizabeth is 90 years of age. Compared to when she was 30 years of age, her ________ now.

arteries are less flexible

According to recommendations of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), adults should participate in muscle-strengthening activities _______.

at least two days a week

Maternal anemia occurs when a pregnant woman has a hematocrit ________.

below 33%

Various environmental factors contribute to whether or not an individual meets physical activity recommendations. The ________ refers to the buildings, roads, parks, supermarkets, and restaurants in a community that can impact the likelihood that those living in the community will walk, bike, and engage in physical activity.

built environment

By performing exercise regularly, people can reduce their risk of ________.

cardiovascular disease

During the first few days after giving birth, the new mother's breasts produce ________

colostrum

The point at which a woman's egg is fertilized by a sperm and pregnancy begins is known as _______.

conception

Pregnant women generally need to take a supplement that contains ________.

folic acid

Mario is a 7-year-old boy whose BMI-for-age is in the 75th percentile. According to this information, Mario's weight is ________.

healthy for his age

People who exercise regularly can reduce their risk of ________.

hypertension

Aliyah received a 15 pound frozen turkey as a gift from her workplace. She has kept the turkey in her freezer for a few weeks, but is now ready to thaw and prepare the turkey for a large family meal. You might recommend all of the following methods of thawing the frozen turkey except ________.

leaving the turkey out on the countertop overnight

During her 6th month of pregnancy, Miranda developed gestational hypertension. As a result of this condition, Miranda has a higher risk of giving birth to a ________ infant than a pregnant woman who does not experience hypertension.

low birth weight

A major nutrition-related concern of adolescents is ________ intake.

low calcium

A major nutrition-related concern of adolescent females is ________ intake.

low iron

Lucia is a single mother to two young children. She works full-time at a department store while her children are cared for by their grandparents. Money is a constant worry. However, while Lucia worries every month about having money to purchase enough food, so far she and her children have not had to change their food intake significantly. Lucia is experiencing ________.

marginal food security

Approximately _____ of American adults meet the minimum physical activity recommendation of obtaining at least 150 minutes a week of moderate-intensity physical activity.

one-half

The declining organ functioning and the increase vulnerability to diseases is known as ________.

senescence

Margaret is 87 years of age. Compared to when she was 27 years of age, her ________ now.

stomach secretes less intrinsic factor

Americans who are more likely to be food insecure include all of the following except ________.

those living in the northern region of the country

Which of the following foods is likely to be a source of Salmonella?

Raw chicken

Reduced ________ is a normal physiological change associated with aging.

lung capacity

Globally, approximately _______ of the food produced for human consumption is lost or wasted.

one-third

According to the damage or error theory of aging, ________.

organs simply wear out with use and abuse

Compared to infant formulas, human breast milk is a rich source of ________.

cholesterol

Which of the following nutrients is most likely to be consumed in adequate amounts in the diet of a preschool-age child?

Protein

Golden rice ________.

[All of these choices are correct] provides higher concentrations of essential nutrients than traditional rice is an example of a genetically modified organism (GMO)can be grown in parts of the world where a vitamin A deficiency is common provides higher concentrations of essential nutrients than traditional rice is an example of a genetically modified organism (GMO)