Nutrition 2030 : Exam 1

All of these chronic diseases are connected to diet EXCEPT ________.

None; All of these diseases are linked to diet.

A slice of peach pie supplies 357 calories with 48 units of vitamin A; one large peach provides 42 calories and 53 units of vitamin A. This is an example of ____.

Nutrient Density

Which statement explains the link between obesity and ultra-processed foods?

People tend to eat more calories when they consumer ultra-processed foods.

Select the list of convenience foods that are all nutrient-dense.

Ready-to-cook fresh vegetables, canned beans, and frozen vegetables

Identify benefits associated with combining regular physical activity with a nutritious diet.

Reduced body fat and increased lean tissue

____ prevails as the number-one factor driving people's food choices.

Taste

Both carbohydrates and protein have 4 calories per gram.

True

The letter L in the CLAIM method stands for Look for bias in funding.

True

Which foods should form the basis of a nutritious diet?

Whole foods that include ordinary milk and milk products; meats, fish, and poultry; vegetables and beans; fruits; and grains

Jack has recently increased his consumption of whole grains and has just purchased a high-fiber cereal to eat for breakfast each morning, unlike the high-sugar cereal he used to eat. Jack is currently at which stage of behavior change?

action

dding meats, fish, poultry, and legumes is an easy way to get a(n) __________ amount of iron in your diet.

adequate

What includes whole populations to search for correlations between dietary habits and disease incidence?

an epidemiological study

What source of information is linked to nutrition quackery?

anecdotal evidence

Which of the following is an example of a processed food?

bread

What is the unit used to measure energy in foods? It is the amount of heat energy necessary to raise the temperature of 1 kg (1 L) of water 1°C.

calorie

What are the only energy-yielding nutrients?

carbohydrates, fats, and proteins

Eating away from home (e.g., at a restaurant) can negatively impact a person's diet in all the following ways EXCEPT:

eating away from home limits food choices that appeal to omnivores.

"Red flags" that can help to identify nutrition quackery include

enticingly quick and simple answers to complex problems. efforts to cast suspicion on the regular food supply. solid support and praise from users.

The nutrition objectives for the nation, as part of Healthy People 2020,

envision a society in which all people live long, healthy lives. set U.S. nutrition- and weight-related goals, one decade at a time.

Each of the following is true about valid nutrition information EXCEPT valid nutrition information is:

fast

Well over 80 percent of our population consumes too few servings of ___ and ___ each day.

fruits and vegetables

Lily stayed up late one night watching a(n) _____ that immediately convinced her to use their pill to lose weight quickly. Although she was tired, she was quick to notice this _____ and resorted to researching the _____ health organizations, such as the Food and Drug Administration, for further claims on this pill.

infomercial, quackery, government

Studies of populations in which observation is accompanied by experimental manipulation of some population members are referred to as.

intervention studies

Organic nutrients include all of the following except _____.

minerals

One of the characteristics of a nutritious diet is that the diet provides no constituent in excess. This principle of diet planning is called ___.

moderation

A nutritious eating pattern should consist of each of the following characteristics EXCEPT:

monotomy

According to a national health report,

most people's diets lacked enough fruit, vegetables, and whole grains.

One cup of vanilla milkshake provides 254 cal and 332 mg calcium; one cup of nonfat milk has 86 cal and 301 mg calcium. Choosing the nonfat milk would be an example of applying the principle of ________.

nutrient density

Dark leafy greens, red bell peppers, broccoli, and carrots are examples of __________, unlike chips, buns, and donuts.

nutrient-dense foods

The study of nutrients in food and in the body is referred to as ___ and is sometimes called the study of human behaviors related to food. We get our ___ from the foods we eat to move and work. It comes indirectly from the sun by way of plants. Unfortunately, ____ is an imbalance of either excess or too few nutrients and can affect health in the long-term, potential development of ____.

nutrition, energy, malnutrition, chronic diseases.

What is the first step of the Scientific Method?

observation and question

Foods contain _____ compounds that confer color, taste, and other characteristics of foods. Foods that have been around a long time, such as vegetables, fruit, and meats, are _____ while _____ are foods that may have been subjected to milling, texture alterations, or cooking. Rice, potatoes, or corn are _____ that provide a foundation for a healthful diet.

phytochemicals, whole foods, processed foods, staple foods

Which macronutrient can yield energy and provide materials that form structures and working parts of body tissues?

protein

Single studies must be __________ before findings can be confirmed and considered valid.

replicated

Which environmental factor is most likely to have the greatest impact on a person's health?

stress

A person who wishes to meet nutrient needs while not over consuming calories is wise to master

the concept of nutrient density.

A healthy diet can be characterized by adequacy, balance, calorie control, moderation, and variety.

true

Behavior change is a process that takes place in stages.

true

Energy-yielding nutrients include all of the following except.

viatmins

Foremost among the six classes of nutrients in foods is ________, the most important essential nutrient

water

Which of the six classes of nutrients is foremost in quantity and must constantly be replaced?

water

____ has/have been linked to eating highly processed foods.

weight gain

The A in the CLAIM method stands for Analyze the research methods. Analysis of the GCA study showed that what type of data had been altered?

weights and other key data

How many calories are provided by a food that contains 29 g carbohydrate, 6 g protein, and 1 g fat?

149 cal

The body requires ___ types of nutrients.

6

Identify the person who would NOT be a credible nutrition expert.

A person with a degree awarded based entirely on work or life experience

Which action is most closely associated with the adoption/moving on stage of behavior change?

After months or a year of maintenance without lapses, move on to other goals

____ examine populations and are used to find correlations between two factors, and controlled clinical trials _____ are a study design in which one group receives a treatment (experimental group) and another group receives a placebo (control group) and the outcomes between the two separate groups are compared.

Epidemiological studies, Controlled clinical trials

A person who is setting goals in preparation for a behavior change is in a stage called precontemplation

False

Both heart disease and cancer are due to genetic causes, and diet cannot influence whether they occur.

False

In this nation, stringent controls make it difficult to obtain a bogus nutrition credential.

False

Malnutrition only occurs when there are nutrient deficiencies, such as in developing countries.

False

Uncovering the fourth red flag in the CLAIM approach means that you have to Investigate independent research on the product. If you can't find any research that backs the manufacturer's claims that is probably because it is top-secret, cutting edge research that is not available to the public.

False

People most often choose foods for the nutrients they provide.

False The choice of where, as well as what, to eat is often based more on taste and social considerations than on nutrition judgments.

Which statement is true about setting successful goals?

Goals should be set for specific behaviors.

Select the list of causes of death linked to nutrition.

Heart disease, cancers, strokes, and diabetes

Which statement about nutrient density is incorrect?

Ice cream is a good example of a nutrient-dense food.

Some conditions, such as, _____ are almost entirely nutrition related.

Iron-deficiency anemia

What is a characteristic of an elemental diet?

It can be life-saving for those who are hospitalized and cannot eat ordinary food

Many agencies are involved in nutrition policy development, research, and monitoring. Which large program of studies is designed to assess the health and nutritional status of adults and children in the United States by conducting interviews and physical examinations?

National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES)

_____ are macronutrients made of simple sugars and yield 4 cal/g energy. _____ are macronutrients made of amino acids and also yield 4 cal/g energy. _____ are macronutrients with the highest energy yield, 9 cal/g energy.

Carbohydrates, proteins, fats

The very first step of the process of verifying a statement about a product is represented by the C in CLAIM. What does the letter C stand for?

Check the source

Which list most accurately represents the categories of nutrition and weight-related objectives included in the publication of Healthy People 2020?

Chronic Diseases, Food Safety, Maternal/Infant/Child Health

____ includes deficiencies, imbalances, and excesses of nutrients, alone or in combination, any of which can take a toll on health over time.

Malnutrition

An important national food and nutrient intake survey, called What We Eat in America, is part of

NHANES

Select that list that accurately lists the six stages of behavior change in order.

Precontemplation, Contemplation, Preparation, Action, Maintenance, Adoption/Moving On

Which of the following Internet sources would be the best source for credible nutrition information?

Professional health organizations

Identify the three energy-yielding nutrients.

Protein, fat, and carbohydrates