Nutrition- Chapter 2

Which of the following observations is an example of a positive correlation? a. When members of a population consume fewer fruits and vegetables, their risk of high blood pressure increases. b. When a group ofchildren increases their physical activity levels, the percentage of thechildren who contract cold infections decreases. c. When women gain less weight than average during pregnancy, the birthweights of their babies tend to be lower than average. d. When a population'sintake of green tea increases, the percentage of lung cancer cases in thatpopulation decreases.

C

Which of the following statements is true? A. A person with a PhD who promotes drinking vinegar as the cure for lung cancer is practicing conventional medicine. B. Scientific evidence supports the effectiveness of most forms of alternative health care. C. Anyone who earns a nutrition degree from a 4-year college can refer to himself or herself as an RDN. D. Disclaimers are clues that a product may not meet your expectations or the manufacturer's claims.

D

Researchers are conducting a study to determine the effects of vitamin D supplements on the adult human immune system. The study involves providing pills that contain vitamin D to one group of human adults and pills that do not contain the vitamin or other active ingredients to another group of adults. The pills that do not contain vitamin D are _______.

Placebos

T/F A person who promotes the use of ginseng, garlic, and fish oil as the cure for cancer is practicing quackery.

True

T/F A registered dietitian nutritionist has been trained to apply food and nutrition information to help treat many health conditions.

True

A group of scientists would like to determine lifestyle factors that are associated with the development of asthma among American children. Based on this information, the researchers should design a(an) ________ study.

epidemiological

Scientists who investigate lifestyle factors that influence the prevalence of obesity among different human population groups are conducting a(an) ________ study.

epidemiological

Which of the following statements is true? a. It is not unusual for studies that have similar designs to have different findings, especially when human subjects are used. b. The results of one study are usually enough to convince nutrition scientists to adopt new ideas about nutrition-related topics. c. Dietary recommendations are generally based on the findings of one team of nutrition researchers. d. Since 1970, nutrition information has undergone few updates, because scientists have discovered all of the nutrients and their relationships to health.

A

Researchers at a major American university plan a 10-year study involving 25,000 adults who will follow their usual lifestyles while they participate in the study. One of the main goals of this particular scientific investigation is to determine lifestyle factors that contribute to stomach cancer. Which of the following activities is likely to be a component of their research efforts? a. Contacting the local news station to report their findings b. Submitting an article describing the results of the study to a peer-reviewed journal c. Posting significant findings at the main researcher's Internet website d. Establishing a place for the subjects to live for the duration of the study

B