Nutrition Chapter 7 Multiple Choice "Vitamins"

A B vitamin often forms part of an enzyme's active site, where a chemical reaction takes place True or false

True

Most water soluble vitamins are not stored in tissues to any great extent True or false

True

Vitamin K is necessary for the synthesis of key bone proteins True or false

True

Vitamins D functions as a hormone to help maintain bone integrity True or false

True

The water soluble vitamins are characterized by all of the following except a. excesses are stored and easily build up to toxic levels b. they travel freely in blood c. excesses are easily excreted and seldom build up to toxic levels d. b and c

a

Vegetables and citrus fruits are excellent sources of vitamin C. a. True b. False

a

Vitamin D deficiency in children can lead to an abnormality of bone formation called rickets. a. True b. False

a

Which of the following vitamins are classified as fat-soluble? A. Vitamins B and D B. Vitamins A,D,E, and K C. Vitamins B,E,D and C D. Vitamins B and C

B

Some water-soluble vitamins are destroyed when exposed to light, heat, or oxygen during processing. a. True b. False

a

The main role of vitamin K is to help activate proteins that help blood clot. a. True b. False

a

The FDA has extensive regulatory control over supplement sales True or false

False

The theory that vitamin C prevents or cures cold is well supported by research True or false

False

Vitamin A supplements can help treat acne True or false

False

Which vitamin's main role is to help activate proteins that help blood clot? a. C b. beta-carotene c. D d. E e. K

e

A deficiency of niacin may result in which disease? a. pellagra b. beriberi c. scurvy d. rickets

a

B vitamins act as parts of coenzymes. a. True b. False

a

Fat soluble vitamins are mostly absorbed into a. the lymph b. the blood c. the extracellular gluid d. b and c

a

Folate intake before and during pregnancy is related to neural tube defects. a. True b. False

a

Night blindness and xerophthalmia are the early and late stages of a vitamin A deficiency. a. True b. False

a

Which individual has a valid reason to take a vitamin/mineral supplement? a. someone who is addicted to drugs or alcohol b. someone who is feeling tired and wants a supplement to provide energy c. someone who is stressed and does not get enough exercise d. someone who believes that food grown on today's soils lack nutrients e. someone who does not like to eat vegetables

a

Which of the following is (are) rich sources of vitamin E? a. raw vegetable oil b. colorful foods, such as carrots c. milk and milk products d. raw cabbage

a

Which symptom is not associated with vitamin B deficiency? a. increased appetite b. nausea c. irritability d. muscle pain e. forgetfulness

a

Which vitamin is mismatched with its deficiency? a. vitamin D - pernicious anemia b. thiamin - beriberi c. vitamin C - scurvy d. niacin - pellagra e. vitamin K - excessive bleeding

a

A woman who is on a low-carbohydrate diet for weight loss may have difficulty maintaining an adequate level of the B vitamins thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, and folate. What characteristic of her diet would cause this? a. exclusion of fruits b. exclusion of grains and cereals c. exclusion of starchy vegetables d. exclusion of dairy e. exclusion of meat and fat

b

Fat-soluble vitamins are easily absorbed and excreted in urine. a. True b. False

b

The best way to select foods that are rich in vitamins is to make sure that each food selected is the richest source of a particular vitamin you need. a. True b. False

b

The eating pattern that best provides nutrients a. singles out a rich source for each nutrient and focuses on these foods b. includes a wide variety of nutrient dense foods c. is a western eating style that includes abundant meats and fats d. singles out rich sources of certain phytochemicals and focuses on these foods

b

The most important and well-known role of vitamin D is to help synthesize proteins that help clot blood. a. True b. False

b

Vegetarians should take a vitamin supplement because plants are grown in soil that is deficient in nutrients. a. True b. False

b

Vitamin E is an antioxidant that protects saturated fat from oxidation. a. True b. False

b

Vitamin E supplements improve the blood clotting activity of vitamin K. a. True b. False

b

Vitamins are calorie-dense nutrients that are needed in tiny amounts in the diet and help to drive cellular processes. a. True b. False

b

Water soluble vitamins are mostly absorbed into a. the lymph b. the blood c. the extracellular fluid d. b and c

b

Water-soluble vitamins are easily absorbed and stored in the liver. a. True b. False

b

Which food item has the highest amount of vitamin C? a. 1 oz. steak b. 1/2 cup sweet red pepper c. 1/2 cup rice d. 1 cup yogurt e. 1/2 cup carrots

b

Which of these B vitamins is (are) present only in foods of animal origin? a. niacin b. vitamin B12 c. riboflavin d. a and c

b

You have a friend who eats a lot of highly processed foods, fast foods, and convenience foods, but does drink fortified milk. You could share with your friend that that she is at risk for developing _____ deficiency. a. thiamin b. vitamin E c. vitamin D d. riboflavin e. vitamin A

b

B vitamins often act as a. antioxidants b. blood clotting factors c. coenzymes d. none of the above

c

Current recommendations for fruit and vegetable intakes are for us to consume a variety from each category on a daily basis. What are the two vitamins that are abundant in leafy greens and citrus fruits, as well as other fruits and vegetables? a. riboflavin and vitamin K b. vitamin B12 and thiamin c. folate and vitamin C d. vitamin A and vitamin E e. thiamin and vitamin C

c

If you eat a food that contains a large dose of thiamin and riboflavin, what will most likely happen to the thiamin and riboflavin? a. They will be stored in the body tissues for later use as needed. b. They will increase destruction of free radicals in the body. c. They will be excreted if not used on the day they are absorbed. d. They will be stored in fat cells, which can lead to toxicity. e. They will promote the production of red blood cells.

c

Vitamin E is famous for its role a. maintaing bone tissue integrity b. maintaining connective tissue integrity c. protecting tissues from oxidation d. as a precursor for vitamin C

c

Which of the following describe the fat soluble vitamins? a. few functions in the body b. easily absorbed and excreted c. stored extensively in tissues d. a and c

c

Which statement regarding water-soluble vitamins is not true? a. Some water-soluble vitamins are destroyed when exposed to light, heat, or oxygen during processing. b. Water-soluble vitamins easily dissolve and drain away with cooking water. c. Water-soluble vitamins are easily absorbed and stored in the liver. d. Foods never deliver toxic doses of the water-soluble vitamins. e. Water-soluble vitamins are easily excreted in the urine.

c

In adults with vitamin D deficiency, poor bone mineralization can lead to a. pellagra b. pernicious anemia c. scurvy d. osteomalacia

d

Vitamin C deficiency symptoms include a. red spots b. loose teeth c. anemia d. all of the above

d

Vitamin K a. can be made from exposure to sunlight b. can be obtained from most milk products c. can be made by digestive tract bacteria d. b and c

d

Which characteristic is LEAST likely to apply to a fat-soluble vitamin? a. toxic in excess b. dissolves in lipids c. requires bile for absorption d. easily absorbed and excreted in urine e. commonly found in foods that contain fat

d

Which of the following are classified as water-soluble vitamins? a. B, C, D, E b. A, E c. A, D, E, K d. B, C e. A, B, K, D

d

Which of the following foods is (are) rich in beta-carotene? a. sweet potatoes b. pumpkin c. spinach d. all of the above

d

Which of the following is least likely to contribute to cases of rickets in the U.S.? a. increased time spent indoors b. dark skin pigmentation c. a preference for soft drinks over milk in adolescents d. increased physical activity in organized sports e. use of UV-blocking sunscreen

d

The need for vitamin E rises as people consume more _____ because it requires antioxidant protection by the vitamin. a. meat b. fried food c. trans fat d. saturated fat e. polyunsaturated fat

e

Which vitamin supplement is known to cause malformations of a fetus? a. vitamin K b. thiamin c. vitamin B12 d. vitamin C e. vitamin A

e