Nutrition chapter 8
Which group is LEAST at risk for developing vitamin C deficiency? A. Infants fed cows' milk B. Elderly people consuming nutrient poor diets C. Alcoholics D. Adults who consume plenty of fruits and vegetables
Adults who consume plenty of fruits and vegetables
Which is a good dietary source of thiamin? A. Sunflower seeds B. Pork C. Whole grains D. All of the above
All of the above
Consumption of orange juice enhances the absorption of which nutrient? A. Fluoride B. Zinc C. Glucose D. Iron
Iron
Which disease is caused by niacin deficiency? A. Beriberi B. Scurvy C. Pellagra D. None of the above
Pellagra
Vitamin C deficiency causes: A. hemolysis. B. pernicious anemia. C. megaloblastic anemia. D. bleeding gums.
bleeding gums
Pellagra occurs when _________ is the staple grain in the diet and the diet does not provide a mixture of different foods. A. rice B. barley C. wheat D. corn
corn
folate deficiency symptoms are less of a problem recently because: A. grain products are now fortified with folate. B. green tea is more popular. C. taking vitamin supplements is more common. D. more people are drinking low-fat milk
grain products are now fortified with folate.
High folate intake may: A. increase the incidence of colon cancer. B. cause acne. C. cause other vitamin deficiencies because folate competes for absorption sites. D. mask a vitamin B12 deficiency, giving rise to permanent nerve damage.
mask a vitamin B12 deficiency, giving rise to permanent nerve damage.
Riboflavin is most easily destroyed when exposed to: A. vitamin C. B. light. C. acid. D. oxygen.
light
Which lifestyle factor increases the requirement for vitamin C? A. Smoking cigarettes B. Exercising frequently and intensely C. Eating a diet high in fiber D. Drinking alcohol
smoking cigarettes
Which is the best source of vitamin C? A. Milk B. Strawberries C. Corn D. Beef
strawberries
Beriberi is a disease caused by lack of ________ in the diet. A. thiamin B. riboflavin C. vitamin C D. niacin
thiamin
Meeting vitamin B12 needs from the diet is especially difficult for: A. pregnant women. B. infants. C. athletes undergoing rigorous training. D. vegans.
vegans
Folic acid supplements are most frequently recommended for: A. women who may become pregnant. B. post-menopausal women. C. the elderly. D. toddlers.
women who may become pregnant.
Which group of people is most at risk for developing thiamin deficiency? A. Tobacco users B. Chronic alcoholics C. Older adults D. Endurance athletes
Chronic alcoholics
Which of the following is NOT recognized as a major function of vitamin C in the body? A. Facilitating release of energy from glucose B. Enhancing iron absorption C. Formation of collagen D. Protection against damage from free radicals
Facilitating release of energy from glucose
Which B vitamin decreases the risk of neural tube defects in developing babies? A. Folic acid B. Biotin C. Riboflavin D. B12
Folic acid
Which statement concerning vitamins is INCORRECT? A. The vitamin content of a food may be affected by cooking and processing. B. Vitamins are organic compounds. C. Vitamins are essential for growth, reproduction and health. D. If a vitamin is not provided by the diet, the body will synthesize it.
If a vitamin is not provided by the diet, the body will synthesize it.
Which food is the best source of folate? A. Brown rice B. Lentils C. Cheese D. Chicken
Lentils
When the vitamins lost in grain processing are restored, which is a nutrient typically NOT added back? A. Riboflavin B. Thiamin C. Iron D. Pantothenic acid
Pantothenic acid
For which group is taking vitamin B12 supplements the LEAST beneficial? A. People who do not consume animal products B. Breast- fed infants whose mothers are vegans C. People eating diets high in animal products D. Older adults with significantly reduced stomach acid
People eating diets high in animal products
A person consuming a diet deficient in dairy products but otherwise adequate, would have the most difficulty obtaining sufficient amounts of which vitamin? A. Iron B. Riboflavin C. Vitamin C D. Niacin
Riboflavin
Which statement is NOT true? A. Deficiency of a fat-soluble vitamin is less likely than of a typical water-soluble vitamin. B. Vitamins are necessary in many biochemical reactions in the body.C. Vitamins provide energy. D. Vitamin deficiencies are rare in the United States.
Vitamins provide energy
Absorption of vitamin B12 is dependent upon all of the following EXCEPT: A. pepsin. B. intrinsic factor. C. amylase. D. adequate stomach acid.
amylase
Many B vitamins function as ______, which bind to enzymes to promote their activity. A. coenzymes B. provitamins C. transport proteins D. hormones
coenzymes
A primary function of thiamin is to: A. promote blood clotting. B. facilitate the production of energy from glucose. C. regulate cell differentiation. D. increase iron incorporation into hemoglobin.
facilitate the production of energy from glucose.
A common adverse effect of niacin toxicity is A. dementia. B. dermatitis. C. flushing of the skin. D. hives.
flushing of the skin.
Which is true regarding niacin? A. The niacin deficiency disease is beriberi. B. Corn has a protective effect against niacin deficiencies. C. It can be synthesized in the body from the amino acid tryptophan. D. Eggs are a good source of preformed niacin.
it can be synthesized in the body from the amino acid tryptophan.
Niacin supplements A. are associated with an increase in heart attacks. B. are commonly used in the US since niacin deficiency is a public health concern. C. may decrease LDL cholesterol and increase HDL cholesterol. D. provide an essential energy boost.
may decrease LDL cholesterol and increase HDL cholesterol.
Vitamin B12 deficiency caused by a lack of intrinsic factor results in: A. pernicious anemia. B. pellagra. C. beriberi. D. scurvy.
pernicious anemia