Nutrition chapter 8

Which group is LEAST at risk for developing vitamin C deficiency? A. Infants fed cows' milk B. Elderly people consuming nutrient poor diets C. Alcoholics D. Adults who consume plenty of fruits and vegetables

Adults who consume plenty of fruits and vegetables

Which is a good dietary source of thiamin? A. Sunflower seeds B. Pork C. Whole grains D. All of the above

All of the above

Consumption of orange juice enhances the absorption of which nutrient? A. Fluoride B. Zinc C. Glucose D. Iron

Iron

Which disease is caused by niacin deficiency? A. Beriberi B. Scurvy C. Pellagra D. None of the above

Pellagra

Vitamin C deficiency causes: A. hemolysis. B. pernicious anemia. C. megaloblastic anemia. D. bleeding gums.

bleeding gums

Pellagra occurs when _________ is the staple grain in the diet and the diet does not provide a mixture of different foods. A. rice B. barley C. wheat D. corn

corn

folate deficiency symptoms are less of a problem recently because: A. grain products are now fortified with folate. B. green tea is more popular. C. taking vitamin supplements is more common. D. more people are drinking low-fat milk

grain products are now fortified with folate.

High folate intake may: A. increase the incidence of colon cancer. B. cause acne. C. cause other vitamin deficiencies because folate competes for absorption sites. D. mask a vitamin B12 deficiency, giving rise to permanent nerve damage.

mask a vitamin B12 deficiency, giving rise to permanent nerve damage.

Riboflavin is most easily destroyed when exposed to: A. vitamin C. B. light. C. acid. D. oxygen.

light

Which lifestyle factor increases the requirement for vitamin C? A. Smoking cigarettes B. Exercising frequently and intensely C. Eating a diet high in fiber D. Drinking alcohol

smoking cigarettes

Which is the best source of vitamin C? A. Milk B. Strawberries C. Corn D. Beef

strawberries

Beriberi is a disease caused by lack of ________ in the diet. A. thiamin B. riboflavin C. vitamin C D. niacin

thiamin

Meeting vitamin B12 needs from the diet is especially difficult for: A. pregnant women. B. infants. C. athletes undergoing rigorous training. D. vegans.

vegans

Folic acid supplements are most frequently recommended for: A. women who may become pregnant. B. post-menopausal women. C. the elderly. D. toddlers.

women who may become pregnant.

Which group of people is most at risk for developing thiamin deficiency? A. Tobacco users B. Chronic alcoholics C. Older adults D. Endurance athletes

Chronic alcoholics

Which of the following is NOT recognized as a major function of vitamin C in the body? A. Facilitating release of energy from glucose B. Enhancing iron absorption C. Formation of collagen D. Protection against damage from free radicals

Facilitating release of energy from glucose

Which B vitamin decreases the risk of neural tube defects in developing babies? A. Folic acid B. Biotin C. Riboflavin D. B12

Folic acid

Which statement concerning vitamins is INCORRECT? A. The vitamin content of a food may be affected by cooking and processing. B. Vitamins are organic compounds. C. Vitamins are essential for growth, reproduction and health. D. If a vitamin is not provided by the diet, the body will synthesize it.

If a vitamin is not provided by the diet, the body will synthesize it.

Which food is the best source of folate? A. Brown rice B. Lentils C. Cheese D. Chicken

Lentils

When the vitamins lost in grain processing are restored, which is a nutrient typically NOT added back? A. Riboflavin B. Thiamin C. Iron D. Pantothenic acid

Pantothenic acid

For which group is taking vitamin B12 supplements the LEAST beneficial? A. People who do not consume animal products B. Breast- fed infants whose mothers are vegans C. People eating diets high in animal products D. Older adults with significantly reduced stomach acid

People eating diets high in animal products

A person consuming a diet deficient in dairy products but otherwise adequate, would have the most difficulty obtaining sufficient amounts of which vitamin? A. Iron B. Riboflavin C. Vitamin C D. Niacin

Riboflavin

Which statement is NOT true? A. Deficiency of a fat-soluble vitamin is less likely than of a typical water-soluble vitamin. B. Vitamins are necessary in many biochemical reactions in the body.C. Vitamins provide energy. D. Vitamin deficiencies are rare in the United States.

Vitamins provide energy

Absorption of vitamin B12 is dependent upon all of the following EXCEPT: A. pepsin. B. intrinsic factor. C. amylase. D. adequate stomach acid.

amylase

Many B vitamins function as ______, which bind to enzymes to promote their activity. A. coenzymes B. provitamins C. transport proteins D. hormones

coenzymes

A primary function of thiamin is to: A. promote blood clotting. B. facilitate the production of energy from glucose. C. regulate cell differentiation. D. increase iron incorporation into hemoglobin.

facilitate the production of energy from glucose.

A common adverse effect of niacin toxicity is A. dementia. B. dermatitis. C. flushing of the skin. D. hives.

flushing of the skin.

Which is true regarding niacin? A. The niacin deficiency disease is beriberi. B. Corn has a protective effect against niacin deficiencies. C. It can be synthesized in the body from the amino acid tryptophan. D. Eggs are a good source of preformed niacin.

it can be synthesized in the body from the amino acid tryptophan.

Niacin supplements A. are associated with an increase in heart attacks. B. are commonly used in the US since niacin deficiency is a public health concern. C. may decrease LDL cholesterol and increase HDL cholesterol. D. provide an essential energy boost.

may decrease LDL cholesterol and increase HDL cholesterol.

Vitamin B12 deficiency caused by a lack of intrinsic factor results in: A. pernicious anemia. B. pellagra. C. beriberi. D. scurvy.

pernicious anemia