nutrition chapter 9
In a person who is well hydrated, the urine color should be
Clear to pale yellow
hypertension affects approximately what percentage of adult Americans?
33%
Approximately what percentage of the body is composed of fluid?
50%-70%
what percentage of salt is composed of of chloride?
60%
A U.S population group that is at particularly high risk for hypertension is
African Americans
in Bicarbonate-carbonic acid system, carbonic acid in the bloodstream dissociates into hydrogen ions and
bicarbonate ions
which of the following electrolytes is negatively charged?
chloride
The movement of water from areas where solutes are less concentrated to areas where they are most concentrated is called
osmosis
in the majority of individuals with hypertension, the condition is classified as
primary
The primary reason for sweating is to
regulate body temperature
what is the function of an antidiurectic hormone (ADH)?
stimulates the kidneys to reabsorb water(reducing urine output)
which of the following is a common solvent in the body?
water
the AI for sodium (for adult men and women aged 19-50) is
1.5g/day
a substance, such as caffeine, that increases fluid loss via the urine is called
a diuretic
which of the following individuals would most benefit fro consuming a sports beverage?
a farm worker picking crops in the hot sun all day
which of the following is a diuretic?
alcohol
which of the following individuals is most at risk for hyperkalemia?
an individual with kidney disease.
in the renin angiotensin system, which protein is the active vasoconstrictor?
angiotensin II
which region of the brain controls fluid intake?
hypothalamus
which of the following groups are the MOST vulnerable to dehydration?
infants and Elderly