Nutrition Chapter 9: Fluid and Electrolyte Balance

If the intracellular concentration of electrolytes is higher than the extracellular concentration, water will move ___ the cell.

into

DASH Diet recommends... ________ servings per day of grain products, with most of those coming from whole grains. ______servings per day of low-fat or fat-free dairy products. __________servings per day of fruit and ______servings per day of vegetables. _________ servings per week of nuts, seeds or legumes.

6 to 8 2 to 3 4 to 5, 4 to 5 4 to 5

hypertension risk factors

...

Tap water in a reusable bottle is just as safe as any bottled water product, is less expensive, has no extra calories, and has the least environmental impact. (T/F)

True

Which of the following statements about hypertension among African Americans is true? Check All That Apply African-Americans are at higher risk for hypertension than any other racial or ethnic group. Compared to the general population, hypertension occurs at an earlier age among African Americans. Compared to the general population, hypertension is more severe among African Americans. Compared to the general population, hypertension is more severe among African Americans. Compared to the general population, complications of hypertension (e.g., kidney disease, stroke) are less common among African

all are true

low sodium foods

brown rice, fresh pears, fresh asparagus

high sodium foods

deli meats, canned foods, cheeses

When dissolved in water, some compounds separate into positively and negatively charged ions, which are called _________.

electrolytes

Water moves across a selectively permeable membrane from an area of _____ solute concentration to an area of ____ solute concentration.

high to low

Osmosis is best defined as the movement of water molecules across a semipermeable membrane from an area of ______ solute concentration to an area of ______ solute concentration.

low; high

The movement of water across a selectively permeable membrane is known as _________.

osmosis

If the intracellular concentration of electrolytes is lower than the extracellular concentration, water will move ___ of the cell.

out

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) is released by the

pituitary gland

High dietary intake of ______ is associated with reductions in blood pressure.

potassium

Active transport of ________ into the cells that line the intestines creates a concentration gradient that results in efficient absorption of water.

sodium

If a cell is placed in an isotonic medium, there will be no net movement of water.

true

The body loses water in a variety of ways. Rank the routes of water loss in order from greatest contribution to fluid loss (1) to least contribution to fluid loss (4) per day.

urine production, skin losses, lung respiration, feces

Arrange the food groups according to their average potassium content, from highest (at the top) to lowest (at the bottom).

vegetables dairy products grains fats and oils