nutrition exam 3
Iodine in foods _____.
is proportional to the amount present in the soil in which the foods are grown
Which type of cancer is not associated with low fruit and vegetable intake?
liver
What recommendation for calcium intake is matched correctly with the age group?
19 to 50 years old: 1,000 mg per day
What food serving provides the least amount of calcium?
2 tablespoons almond butter
Margaret weighs 165 pounds. How many pounds can be attributed to water weight?
99 pounds
Health experts often advise individuals to routinely take a multivitamin-mineral supplement under the guidance of a physician when _____.
A person is recovering from surgery.
A news report provided information on alcohol. Which statement is true?
Alcohol can be transferred to an infant who is nursing.
Which drinking pattern would cause fetal alcohol syndrome?
Any drinking by the mother after conception
Why is choline considered a "conditionally" essential nutrient?
Because the body is unable to make enough choline when fed a choline-free diet
Why should parents think twice about a steady diet of bottled water for children?
Bottled water might not contain fluoride
A research study indicates that caffeine intake in any beverage leads to the same health risks. What is one problem with this finding?
Caffeine exists at different levels in different drinks.
What is a symptom of zinc deficiency?
Delayed development of sexual organs
What statement about herbal medicines provides sound advice or information?
Discuss herbal supplement use with your physician.
What phytochemical-containing food is matched correctly with its possible health benefit?
Flaxseed - exhibits estrogen-blocking activity
What is a correct pairing of the vitamin with an associated deficiency symptom?
Folate - neural tube defects
What happens whenever calcium concentration in the blood falls too low?
Hormones initiate the release of calcium from the bones.
Regular consumption of processed foods and fast foods can contribute to _____ in those who are genetically susceptible.
Hypertension
Which is a health effect seen in those who consume moderate amounts of alcohol?
Increased HDL-cholesterol levels
What is the link between homocysteine, the B vitamins—folate, vitamin B12, and vitamin B6—and heart disease?
Low levels of the B vitamins have been found in association with high homocysteine levels and an increased risk of fatal heart disease in men and women.
What statement regarding atrophic gastritis is correct?
It can be easily treated with vitamin B12 supplements or injections.
Katy has a newborn baby and is living on a tight budget. She wants to buy cow's milk to feed her infant, but her doctor told her not to. What reason would the doctor give for this?
It contains ingredients that could harm the infant's digestive system.
What is the primary role of the B-family of vitamins?
It helps enzymes release energy from absorbed nutrients.
Which action is recommended to prevent osteoporosis?
Keep caffeine intake moderate.
Macy lost her job and has begun drinking more. She noticed that it takes two drinks before she gets the same feeling she used to get by drinking just one. What is happening?
Macy is developing a tolerance for alcohol
What is the primary distinction between major minerals and trace minerals?
Major minerals occur in relatively larger quantities in the body, while trace minerals are present in very minute amounts.
Which characteristic is not commonly associated with causing an iron deficiency?
Male gender
What is the number one dietary-related culprit linked to hypertension?
Obesity
Jennifer is preparing sautéed spinach for dinner. Which of the following would enhance absorption of iron in the spinach?
Serve strawberries with dinner.
Caleb's doctor warned him that he has high blood pressure. What beverages should Caleb monitor intake of ?
Soft water
Candice would like to drink healthy, but would also like some caffeine to help get her going in the morning. What would you recommend and why?
Tea, because it contains cancer-fighting chemicals
David has never tried an energy drink but assumes it must be safe, because it is sold over the counter at all grocery stores. What would you tell him?
There are no specific FDA regulations on the ingredients in energy drinks
What is a characteristic of water-soluble vitamins?
They are very unstable during food handling and processing.
Which statement accurately describes a characteristic of bones?
Trabecular bone releases calcium into the blood when calcium levels fall too low.
After conferring with his doctor, John learned that alcohol may be beneficial to his heart health. Which of the following is an appropriate intake for potential benefits from alcoholic consumption?
Two 5 ounce glasses of red wine
Margie's doctor has told her to limit her salt intake. What practice should she follow?
Use herbs and spices as seasonings rather than salt.
What vitamin can be made by the body and acts like a hormone?
Vitamin D
Jennifer's baby is given an injection of a vitamin before leaving the hospital. The nurse says it is routinely given to prevent excessive bleeding in case of an injury. What vitamin was Jennifer's baby given?
Vitamin K
Sports drinks usually _____.
contain simple sugars
A dietitian recommends eating an orange over drinking orange juice for the added benefit of _____.
fiber
Men have a higher capacity for drinking and metabolizing alcohol than women because they _____.
have higher levels of alcohol hydrogenase
Vitamin A _____.
helps to maintain healthy epithelial tissue
Antioxidant vitamins prevent free radicals from attacking cells and causing damage by _____.
neutralizing the free radicals and converting them back into stable oxygen molecules
The main determinant of bone health is _____.
peak bone mass achieved before midlife
After reading the label, Nancy decides to pass on 100 percent tomato juice in favor of fresh tomatoes, because the juice contains high levels of _____.
sodium
Chromium's role in energy metabolism is _____.
to enhance insulin's ability to help the cells take up glucose