Nutrition Final Exam Part 1

All of the following sets of values are included in the Dietary Reference Intakes EXCEPT: AI RDA EAR LUT

LUT

The number one reason people choose the foods they consume is _________

Taste

AMDR for protein

10-35%

AMDR for fat

20-35%

What is the recommended value for fiber when expressed in g per 2000 kcal?

25

Based on 2000kcal/day diet, 50% of calories come from carbohydrate which accounts for ______g of carbohydrate

250

AMDR for carbohydrate

45-65%

Alcohol is not a nutrient, but it yields energy. Per gram of alcohol yields how many kcalories of energy?

7

What is the normal range (mg/dL) for blood glucose?

70-100

What are the principles of diet planning?

Adequacy, balance, kcalorie control, nutrient density, moderation, and variety

Adam is a 50 year old and his BMI is 30. His average intake of total calories from food per day is 2800 kcalories. His total daily intake includes 50% from carbohydrate, 40% from protein and 10% from fat. He realized that he is not in his best shape he used to and wants your help to achieve his goal. What would you recommend to him?

BMI is too high/reduce kcal intake, protein too high/reduce protein intake, increase fat intake, increase physical activity

A person with chronic diarrhea is at risk for which of the following?

dehydration

The process by which food is broken down into absorbable components is called?

digestion

What is the function of the GI track?

emulsifies fats

Which of the following are found on the microvilli and function to break apart small nutrients into the final products of digestion?

enzymes

A nutrient needed by the body and that must be supplied by foods in termed a(n) ________

essential nutrient

Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDA) are based on the:

estimated average requirement

Gram for gram, which of the following provides the most energy?

fats

Which of the following is known as blood sugar or dextrose?

glucose

Three monosaccharides:

glucose, fructose, galactose

Which of the following is NOT a common dietary source of carbohydrate? : starch maltose cellulose glycogen

glycogen

UDSA five major food groups are: _________, ___________, ________, ___________, __________

grains, fruits, protein foods, vegestables, and dairy

A person eating lots of white bread, white rice, and ready-to-eat cereals would have a diet with a glycemic index that is:

high

Four methods for nutrition assessment of individuals are __________, _________, __________, _________

history, height and weight, lab tests, and physical examination

The top three risk factors for chronic diseases are _______, _______, ________

tobacco, poor diet/inactivity, and alcohol

The highest nutrient in a body is ________ which account for ______% of body weight

water; 60-70

Which of the following CANNOT add frat to the body? : Alcohol Proteins Carbohydrates Inorganic nutrients

inorganic nutrients

In vegetarians, the RDA is higher for:

iron

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of glucose? : it is soluble in water it is a monosaccharide it is part of the sucrose molecule it is sweeter tasting than sucrose

it is sweeter than sucrose

Which of the following is used to determine the presence of abdominal functions inside the body due to a nutrient deficiency?

laboratory tests

What is the principle carbohydrate of milk?

lactose

In the time between meals, what organ releases glucose to help maintain normal blood glucose levels?

liver

Glycogen is stored in ______ and ______

liver and muscle

Bile is made in the ________ and stored in the ________

liver;gallbladder

Weakness of _______ sphincter results in acid reflux or heartburn

lower esophageal

What is the primary function of insulin?

lowers blood glucose levels

The large fats and fat soluble vitamins in intestinal cells are water insoluble and they bare first released into the __________

lymphatic system

The simplest form in six nutrients is ___________

minerals

In what organ does the digestion process begin?

mouth

What two systems regulate all digestive/absorptive processes?

nervous and endocrine

The bicarbonate from pancreatic juice functions to _____________

neutralize acidic chyme

Which of the following is a healthy choice for protein in the USDA Dood Patterns?

nuts

Microorganisms in food that are viable when consumed and that are beneficial to health are known as:

probiotics

Which of the following is an example of macronutrient?

protein

Nutrient dense refers to foods that:

provide more nutrients relative to kcalories

Who would be the most appropriate person to consult regarding nutrition information?

registered dietition

Once he/she is choking, you need to preform _____________

rescue-heimlich maneuver

What type of deficiency is caused by inadequate absorption of a nutrient?

secondary

Absorption of nutrients into intestinal cells typically occurs by three absorptive techniques:

simple diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and active transport

Which of the following is the major site of nutrients digestion and absorption?

small intestine

Which of the following breads has the highest fiber content?

whole grain

Which of the following is NOT a typical component of stools? : Water Fiber Starch Bacteria

starch

Polysaccharides include:

starch, glycogen, cellulose

Number one sign of choking is "___________".

can't speak

Three energy nutrients

carbohydrates, fat, protein

Which of the following is most likely to result from insufficient intake of fiber?

constipation

Which of the following is a function of the sphincter?

control the passage of food through the GI track

When blood glucose concentration falls, what pancreatic hormone is secreted to stimulate release of stored glucose?

glucagon

Among top 10 death cause of death, what four diseases are nutrition related?

heart disease, cancer, stroke, and diabetes

What single behavior contributes to the most deaths in the United States?

tabacco use