Nutrition Final Exam

A deficiency in vitamin K can result in increased bleeding time. A. True B. False

A

A deficiency of vitamin A in an adult's diet can cause hyperkeratosis of the gingival tissues and a tendency for periodontal pocket formation. A deficiency in folacin in a mother's diet can cause cleft palate in her child. A. Both statements are true. B. Both statements are false. C. The first statement is true, the second false. D. The first statement is false, the second true.

A

ATP is produced within cells through a complex series of chemical reactions which are: A. facilitated by B complex vitamins called coenzymes. B. facilitated by fat soluble vitamins A and D. C. best known to occur when the body is stressed by malnutrition or starvation. D. responsible for the breakdown or mutation of nucleic acids within the cell.

A

Aging diminishes the sense of thirst. Thirst is the first sign of dehydration. A. Both statements are true. B. Both statements are false. C. The first statement is true, the second false. D. The first statement is false, the second true.

A

All foods and beverages that contain carbohydrates have the potential to cause dental caries. If a food is naturally acidic, it can erode enamel. A. Both statements are false. B. The first statement is false, the second true. C. Both statements are true. D. The first statement is true, the second false.

A

All of the following are examples of carbohydrates role in the body EXCEPT: A. repair body tissue. B. maintain blood glucose levels. C. supply the body with energy. D. spare protein.

A

All of the following are good eating suggestions for a patient with NUP EXCEPT: A. reduce the amount of eating events to two per day. B. avoid spicy foods. C. choose foods that have a soft consistency. D. eat a liquid diet for the first few days.

A

All of the following are major roles of water in the body EXCEPT: A. provides bulk to waste. B. builds tissue. C. maintains blood volume. D. moistens mucous membranes.

A

All of the following are reasons patients use herbal supplements EXCEPT: A. crowding of the teeth B. dental pain C. dental caries D. bleeding

A

All of the following are true about eating during pregnancy EXCEPT: A. pregnant mothers should include plenty of calcium in their diet or the baby will draw the mineral from her teeth. B. pregnant mothers need to increase intake by 300 calories around the 4th month. C. some pregnant women develop pica and eat dirt. D. some pregnant women develop an aversion to certain foods.

A

All of the following nutrients help build strong alveolar bone EXCEPT: A. vitamin C. B. calcium C. magnesium D. vitamin D.

A

All of the following should be done when choosing fruits and vegetables EXCEPT: A. select foods preserved with high temperature. B. select the freshest fruits and vegetables C. select fruits in season D. select frozen fruits an vegetables

A

All of the following statements are true about reading food labels EXCEPT: A. The DV would be the same for 1 or 2 servings B. DV is based on a 2000 calorie diet C. Calories per serving are listed undering serving size. D. DV for cholesterol and sodium are included

A

All of the following steps are recommended to follow for health when handling food EXCEPT: A. disinfect B. seperate C. cook D. chill

A

At what phase of treatment are nutritional needs evaluated? A. Data collection phase B. Initial consultation C. Treatment phase D. Reevaluation

A

Calcium and magnesium are needed for alveolar bone metabolism. A. True B. False

A

Failure to thrive can occur when a mother withholds her love and affection from the infant. Failure to thrive can occur due to lack of nutritional knowledge. A. Both statements are true. B. Both statements are false. C. The first statement is true, the second false. D. The first statement is false, the second true.

A

Fever, diarrhea, and vomiting cause dehydration. A. True B. False

A

Food cravings can be either emotional or physiological. Foods high in protein are preferred as comfort foods. A. Both statements are false. B. The first statement is false, the second true. C. The first statement is true, the second false. D. Both statements are true.

A

Glycogen is to storage of energy in animals as starch is to storage of energy in: A. plants B. cells C. muscle D. food

A

Healthy oral tissue is the body's first line of defense against periodontal disease. A. True B. False

A

Healthy oral tissues are the body's first line of defense against periodontal disease. Good nutrition plays a primary role in the development of periodontal disease. A. The first statement is true, the second false. B. Both statements are true. C. The first statement is false, the second true. D. Both statements are false.

A

In people who take prescription medications, adding herbal supplementation is a primary concern for their physicians. Drug interactions between herbal supplement and OTC or prescription medications may result is serious adverse reactions for the person. A. Both statements are true. B. First statement is true, second is false. C. First statement is false, second is true. D. Both statements are false.

A

Intracellular water accounts for __________% of body water and extracellular water accounts for __________% of body water. A. 65/35 B. 35/65 C. 25/50 D. 50/25

A

Lack of protein in an infant's diet can cause crowded and rotated teeth. A. True B. False

A

Light yellow urine is a good indication you are drinking enough water. A. True B. False

A

Minerals are absorbed into the body from the intestine in their ionic form. A. True B. False

A

One component of saliva that increases the pH level in the oral cavity is: A. sodium bicarbonate. B. lactic acid. C. calcium D. phosphorus

A

Phylates and oxylates bind with minerals and make them unavailable to the body. A. True B. False

A

Physical consistency of food is important to periodontal structures because: A. Chewing crunchy foods will bring saliva to the oral cavity and saliva has antibacterial effects B. Plaque can be removed at the gingival 1/3 when eating crunchy foods C. Hard crunchy foods strengthen keratinied tissues D. Soft foods clear the oral cavity faster than crunchy foods

A

Positive nitrogen balance occurs during periods of growth. A. True B. False

A

Russell's sign refers to: A. calloused knuckles from induced purging. B. edema in extremities. C. broken ocular blood vessels. D. chest pain with shortness of breath.

A

The bacteria mainly responsible for adult dental caries are: A. Lactobacillus, Actinomyces, and Streptococcus mutans. B. Actinomycetem comitans, Candida albicans, and Lactobacillus. C. Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sanguis, and Streptococcus sobrinus. D. Streptococcus mutans, Veillonella, and Bacteroides forsythus.

A

The best temperature for retarding bacterial growth in the refrigerator is: A. at or below 41 degrees B. below 32 degrees C. 0 degrees D. 30-50 degrees

A

The fatty acid that raises cholesterol levels is __________. A. saturated B. unsaturated C. monounsaturated D. polyunsaturated

A

The most abundant acid produced by bacteria is: A. lactic B. proprionic C. acetic D. formic

A

The term botanical and herbal can be used interchangeably. A. True B. False

A

Tooth alignment is affected by pre-eruptive nutrition. A. True B. False

A

Vitamin D enhances the absorption of calcium and magnesium. A. True B. False

A

When diet changes are indicated, it is better to start with a small or easy change than to pick one that would require a big lifestyle change. A. True B. False

A

Which age group uses snacks to make up the majority of consumed calories? A. School-age child B. infants C. Young adults D. Older adults

A

Which mineral is the most abundant in the body? A. calcium B. sodium C. phosphorus D. magnesium

A

Which of the following are examples of cruciferous vegetables? A. cabbage and brussel sprouts B. Kidney beans and corn C. Kidney beans and corn D. Onion and garlic

A

Which of the following is the precursor to synthesizing niacin? A. Tryptophan B. Carotene C. Cholesterol D. Pyroxidine

A

Which of the following protein deficiency states can cause a pot-belly? A. Kwashiorkor B. Forced malnutrition C. Protein starvation D. Marasmus

A

Which of the following special patient groups may require additional liquid nutrient supplements? A. Patients who have just had oral surgery B. Patients with a new denture C. Patients in orthodontic treatment D. Developmentally disabled

A

Which of the following suggestions will help protect or give your patient relief from tooth sensitivity? A. Rinse your mouth with magnesium hydroxide after vomiting. B. Brush immediately after vomiting. C. Drink no more than three regular sodas per day. D. Eat sweet foods between meals.

A

Women planning a pregnancy should not take herbal supplements. A. True B. False

A

__________ break apart protein in the stomach A. Pepsin B. Amylase C. Trypsin D. Hydrochloric acid

A

___________ reduces protein to single amino acids in the small intestine A. Trypsin B. amylase C. Protease D. pepsin

A

A _________ form of food clears the oral cavity quicker than a _________. A. solid/liquid B. liquid/solid C. cariostatic/cariogenic D. cariogenic/cariostatic

B

A diet high in carbohydrates will increase a person's chance of developing diseases such as diabetes. Most individuals who eat a diet high in carbohydrates are obese as a result. A. Both statements are true. B. Both statements are false. C. The first statement is true, the second false. D. The first statement is false, the second true.

B

A diet high in simple carbohydrates will provide energy to repair diseased tissues. Protein and fats play a minimal role in repair of diseased tissue. A. Both statements are true. B. Both statements are false. C. The first statement is true, the second false. D. The first statement is false, the second true.

B

A double bond allows the lipid to pack into a hard fat. Single bonds are flexible and bend, making the lipid remain fluid. A. Both statements are true. B. Both statements are false. C. The first statement is true, the second false. D. The first statement is false, the second true.

B

A high-protein diet is hazardous to persons with __________ problems because they retain nitrogen. A. stomach B. kidney C. heart D. colon

B

A small percentage of the body's calcium is found in the teeth and bones. A. True B. False

B

All of the following are categories of fatty acids EXCEPT: A. monounsaturated B. duounsaturated C. polyunsaturated D. saturated

B

All of the following are considered host resistant to caries EXCEPT: A. Shallow pits and grooves in posterior teeth B. Newly erupted teeth C. Good preeruptive nutrition D. Properly aligned teeth

B

All of the following are true about vegetables EXCEPT: A. fresh, frozen, dried, and canned all provide vitamins, minerals, and fiber. B. canned vegetables are the MOST desirable as there is never a question about freshness. C. if vegetables are picked before ripened, they may not contain all possible nutrients. D. when purchasing frozen vegetables make sure there are individual pieces moving around in the container.

B

All of the following food allergens are required by law to be listed on food labels EXCEPT: A. walnuts B. lactose C. fish D. egg

B

All of the following reduce the caries potential of soda EXCEPT: A. waiting 30 minutes before brushing B. drinking diet soda C. drinking whole can and rinse with water D. using a straw

B

All of the following vitamins are needed for energy metabolism EXCEPT: A. B1 B. E C. B3 D. B2

B

All of the following words are NOT FDA-approved health claims EXCEPT: A. right B. lean C. smart D. natural

B

An excess in the mineral ______________ may cause loss of calcium from bone. A. Biotin B. Magnesium C. Cobalamine D. Calciferol

B

Cytokines and enzymes protect periodontal fibers and suppress osteoclastic activity . A. True B. False

B

Demineralization begins as soon as the first permanent tooth erupts. Within a few months, caries are visible clinically/radiographically. A. The first statement is false, the second true. B. Both statements are false. C. The first statement is true, the second false. D. Both statements are true.

B

Diet plays a primary role in the development of progression of periodontal disease. A. True B. False

B

Digestion of protein begins in which body organ? A. Mouth B. Stomach C. Small intestine D. Liver

B

Disordered eating always leads to an eating disorder. A person will always begin a disordered eating pattern due to emotional triggers. A. Both statements are true. B. Both statements are false. C. The first statement is true, the second false. D. The first statement is false, the second true.

B

Four cans of soda is equivalent to 1/4 pound of sugar. Diet-cola drinks are actually LESS harmful to teeth than regular soda. A. The first statement is false, the second true. B. The first statement is true, the second false. C. Both statements are true. D. Both statements are false.

B

GERD is a common complaint during teenage years when the diet is loaded with fried and fatty foods. Teenagers need to increase consumption of calcium for the young adult years when our bodies lose the ability to produce lactase, which helps digest lactose. A. Both statements are true. B. Both statements are false. C. The first statement is true, the second false. D. The first statement is false, the second true.

B

If you noticed loss of lamina dura on dental radiographs, you would suspect lack of which nutrient? A. Vitamin C B. Vitamin D C. Phosphorus D. Protein

B

If you reduce your weekly diet by __________ calories, you will lose __________ pound(s). A. 2,000/2 B. 3,500/1 C 5,000/10 . D. 5,000/25

B

Increasing intake of one mineral over another can affect how the other minerals are absorbed, thus decreasing the __________ of minerals in the cells. A. transport B. bioavailability C. deficiency D. mineralization

B

It is best to restrict saturated fats in our diet to less than ___% of total calorie intake. A. 20 B. 10 C. 30 D. 15

B

Most binge eaters, once diagnosed and treated, are able to diet and obtain permanent weight loss. Binge eaters consume huge amounts of food and then purge to control weight gain. A. Both statements are true. B. Both statements are false. C. The first statement is true, the second false. D. The first statement is false, the second true.

B

Negative nitrogen occurs during pregnancy. A. True B. False

B

Obese people have a larger percent of body water because they have more mass. Body fat holds a lot of water. A. Both statements are true. B. Both statements are false. C. The first statement is true, the second false. D. The first statement is false, the second true.

B

Our bodies require the same amount of calories throughout the lifecycle. An obese person consumes twice as many calories in a day as someone who is not obese. A. Both statements are true. B. Both statements are false. C. The first statement is true, the second false. D. The first statement is false, the second true.

B

Persons under high levels of emotional stress require less protein in their diet. If a diet provides more protein than needed, it will be excreted by the kidneys. A. Both statements are true. B. Both statements are false. C. The first statement is true, the second false. D. The first statement is false, the second true.

B

Processed foods are high in which of the following minerals? A. Calcium and phosphorus B. Sodium and chloride C. Sulphur and selenium D. Potassium and selenium

B

Proteins in saliva trap bacteria and are swallowed with saliva. A True B. False

B

Refined sugar would be considered which type of carbohydrate? A. Monosaccharide B. Simple sugar C. Polysaccharide D. Complex carbohydrate

B

Swollen fingers or ankles are signs of hyponatremia. A. True B. False

B

The chemical building blocks of carbohydrates are called disaccharides. All carbohydrates derive from plants. A. Both statements are true. B. Both statements are false. C. The first statement is true, the second false. D. The first statement is false, the second true.

B

The kidneys contribute to loss of body water by producing __________ of urine each day. A. 1 cup B. 1 pint C. 3 pints D. 1 quart

B

The main unit of carbohydrate is: A. water B. glucose molecules C. fructose D. oligosaccharide

B

The mineral that can accumulate in toxic amounts in fish is: A. Lead B. Mercury C. Copper D. Selenium

B

The most toxic-water soluble vitamin is: A. D B. B6 C. C D. B2

B

The nutritional counseling technique that allows the patient to play an active role in making dietary changes is called: A. direct approach. B. non-direct approach. C. evidence based. D. educational approach.

B

The presence of calcium and phosphorus in saliva can increase the pH of the oral cavity. Saliva can actually flush food from the oral cavity so the thicker the properties, the better. A. Both statements are true. B. Both statements are false. C. The first statement is true, the second false. D. The first statement is false, the second true.

B

The recommended daily intake of water is the same for everyone. Eight ounce glasses of water are necessary to keep you hydrated. A. Both statements are true. B. Both statements are false. C. The first statement is true, the second false. D. The first statement is false, the second true.

B

The recommended dietary intake of protein is: A. six servings per day. B. 40 to 65 g per day. C. less than 30% of total calories consumed. D. no more than 1/2 pound per day.

B

The relationship between food and disease process happens when the body gets too much of a nutrient. Disease can also manifest when there is too little of a certain nutrient in the diet. A. Both statements are false. B. Both statements are true. C. The first statement is false, the second true. D. The first statement is true, the second false.

B

The role of protein in food is to: A. provide the body with the protein molecule. B. supply amino acids so the body can make protein. C. provide the body with energy. D. build muscle mass.

B

The term diet means the restriction of food or drink to lose weight. A. True B.. False

B

The total grams of sugar listed on the Nutrition Facts Label does not include the naturally occurring sugar found in the product. A. True B. False

B

Toxicity can occur when excess amounts of fat soluble vitamins are absorbed into the body. Because excess amounts of water soluble vitamins are excreted by the kidney, it is impossible for water soluble vitamins to reach toxic levels. A. Both statements are true. B. First statement is true, second is false. C. First statement is false, second is true. D. Both statements are false.

B

Vitamin C helps with the absorption of which mineral? A. Potassium B. Iron C. Sodium D. Copper

B

When a food product is infused with hydrogen, it becomes __________. A. saturated B. trans fat C. unoxygenated D. rancid

B

Which eating disorder is characterized by binging and purging? A. Anorexia nervosa B. Bulimia nervosa C. Binge eating D. Anorexia athletica

B

Which if the best description of CAM? A. Yoga and psychological testing to reduce B. Non-mineral, non-vitamin supplementation coupled with meditation, massage, and yoga C. Nutritional counseling coupled with prescription drug therapy for cancer patients D. Vegetarian or vegan diet, yoga, and mental health counseling

B

Which is NOT a 21st-century lifestyle trend? A. We are primarily sedentary. B. We eat less frequently than 20 years ago. C. People are living longer. D. We have a tendency to eat on the run.

B

Which of the following bacteria is predominantly found in dentinal and root caries? A.candida albicans B.lactobacillus C.actinomyces D.streptococcus mutans

B

Which of the following dietary recommendations would you NOT want to make to a patient in orthodontic therapy? A. Limit sugar consumption to prevent enamel erosion. B. Include hard, textured foods for increased salivation. C. Chew soft foods after adjustments have been made. D. Avoid sticky foods since they can be trapped in the wires.

B

Which of the following eating disorders causes an individual to be overly concerned with eating only pure foods? A. Body dysmorphic disorder B. Orthorexia nervosa C. Pica D. Anorexia athletica

B

Which of the following is a barrier to eating healthy? A. Job schedule with regular hours B. Being a single parent with limited financial means C. Small town with no fast-food restaurants D. Having to prepare food for just two people

B

Which of the following lipoprotein is associated with keeping the heart healthy? A. LDL B. HDL C. VLDL D. Chylomicron

B

Which of the following methods for collecting data on food intakes would be most practical in a private dental practice? A. Nutritional screening questionnaire B. 24-Hour diet recall C. 3 day food diary D. 7 day food diary

B

Which of the following nutrients assists in building healthy sulcular epithelium? A. Vitamin C B. Vitamin A C. Vitamin D D. Protein

B

Which of the following nutrients makes antibodies to resist infection? A. Vitamin A B. Protein C. Vitamin K D. Iron

B

Which of the following statements of nutritional advice would you include in your counseling of a patient with a new denture? A. Avoid eating anything for the first few days until you get used to the denture. B. Chew food on both sides of the mouth to equalize the chewing forces. C. Eat anything you like since caries are no longer a concern. D. Avoid all dark-colored foods because they can stain the denture.

B

Which vitamin can be the most toxic if taken in large doses? A. Vitamin C B. Vitamin D C. Vitamin A D. Vitamin B6

B

__________ fiber is the type that carries cholesterol out of the body. A. Insoluble B. Soluble C. Gelatinous D., Crunchy

B

A little over one cup of our daily water needs are obtained from food. A. True B. Falsez

B.

A complementary protein: A. contains sufficient amounts of essential amino acids for normal metabolic functions. B. contains sufficient quantities of one or more essential amino acids. C. is incomplete when ingested singly, but when combined with another provides all essential amino acids. D. adds high quality of protein to a meal.

C

A polysaccharide has more than __________ molecules of sugar. A. 5 B. 7 C. 10 D. 20

C

All of the following are common reasons for poor eating habits in the elderly EXCEPT: A. dysphagia B. depression C. diabetes D. decreased income

C

All of the following are effective communication techniques EXCEPT: A. look the patient in the eye. B. nod occasionally to let the patient know you understand. C. sit with your arms crossed to show you are in charge. D. turn down the music.

C

All of the following are physical signs of an anorexic EXCEPT: A. extreme thinness. B. lanugo C. bloodshot eyes. D. pale complexion.

C

All of the following statements are TRUE about aging and nutrition for the older adult EXCEPT: A. it is important to include nutrient dense foods in the diet to prevent micronutrient malnutrition. B. older adults have a reduced ability to absorb nutrients from food. C. loss of lean body mass leads to anorexia. D. slowing of peristalsis leads to constipation.

C

All organs secrete enzymes during the digestive process EXCEPT the: A. stomach. B. pancreas. C. colon. D. small intestines.

C

Chemicals in food that nourish our body are called: A. functional food. B. enzymes C. nutrients D. nutrition

C

Choose My Plate recommends to make half your plate ________. A. whole grains B. non-fat or low-fat diary C. fruits and vegetables D. protein

C

Deficiency of which fat-soluble vitamin can cause an increased incidence of periodontal disease? A. Vitamin C B. B-complex C. Vitamin A D. Vitamin H

C

Diet sodas have a pH of _______ and _________ cause enamel to erode. A. 2.3/may B. 7.0/do not C. 2.3/can D. 5.5/may

C

During an oral examination, you notice your client has a goiter of the thyroid gland. Goiters form as a result of a deficiency of which mineral? A. Iron B. Selenium C. Iodine D. Sodium

C

Fiber is referred to as roughage. Fiber is used by the body for energy. A. Both statements are true. B. Both statements are false. C. The first statement is true, the second false. D. The first statement is false, the second true.

C

Generally Recognized as Safe (GRAS) distinction can be given just through having a track record of being safe for human consumption. Ingredients that have the GRAS distinction means there is no danger in developing a sensitivity to the substance. A. Both statements are true. B. Both statements are false. C. The first statement is true, the second false. D. The first statement is false, the second true.

C

Good nutritional advice for a patient who may be homeless is: A. eat 5 servings of different fruits and vegetables a day. B. include dairy products with each meal. C. avoid foods and beverages that contains a lot of sugar. D. eat meals at the same time every day.

C

If the body does not replace the amount of water lost due to normal urination, perspiration, and breathing, it will be in a state of: A. toxicity B. imbalance C. hypohydration D. shock

C

If the source of lipid is from __________, it is usually monounsaturated or polyunsaturated. A. animal B. seafood C. plants D. baked goods

C

Intestinal transit time can take a day and up to _____. A. 3 days B. 1 week C. 3 weeks D. 2 weeks

C

It can take up to ___________ for a person with high caries risk to develop caries. A. Less than a year B. 5 years C. 1 1/2 - 2 years D. 1 year

C

Minerals are digested in the small intestine. They are absorbed into the blood stream from the intestine in their ionic forms. A. Both statements are true. B. First statement is true, second is false. C. First statement is false, second is true. D. Both statements are false.

C

Negative nitrogen balance results when a person: A. is pregnant. B. is growing. C. has a fever or infection. D. exercises

C

Nutrition has no effect on an existing case of periodontitis. Good nutrition can help reduce inflammation from gingivitis. A. Both statements are false. B. The first statement is true, the second false. C. The first statement is false, the second true. D. Both statements are true.

C

Omega 3 is an essential fatty acid and is found in tuna and salmon. Our bodies manufacture Omega 3 from a precursor called oleic acid. A. Both statements are true. B. Both statements are false. C. The first statement is true, the second false. D. The first statement is false, the second true.

C

Oral finding that indicate a need for nutritional counseling include all of the following EXCEPT: A. angular chelitis. B. new or recurrent dental caries. C. stippled gingiva on facial of maxillary arch. D. burning tongue.

C

Our body's daily supply of water comes from all of these sources EXCEPT: A. beverages B. food C. sweat D. metabolic processes.

C

Physical consistency of food is important to periodontal structures because: A. hard, crunchy foods strengthen keratinized tissues. B. plaque can be removed at the gingival one third when eating crunchy foods. C. chewing crunchy foods will bring saliva to the oral cavity and saliva has antibacterial effects. D. soft foods clear the oral cavity faster than crunchy foods.

C

Salivary fluoride levels are elevated after brushing with a fluoridated dentifrice for about: A. 30 minutes B. 15 minutes C. 3 hours D. 1 hour

C

Scurvy is a deficiency state of which vitamin? A. Vitamin A B. Vitamin K C. Vitamin C D. Pyroxidine

C

Structural protein builds all of the following EXCEPT: A. skin B. connective tissue. C. hormones D. bone cartilage.

C

The RDI for sodium is: A. 1 -1/2 tablespoon B. more than 2400 mg/day C. less than 2400 mg/day D. 1 - 1/2 teaspoon

C

The US Dietary Guidelines are updated by law every __________ years. A. 1 B. 3 C. 5 D. 10

C

The best place to provide dietary counseling is: A. over the phone B. in the waiting room C. sitting at a table D. in the treatment chair

C

The daily recommended intake of lipids is no more than __________% of total daily calories. A. 55 B. 45 C. 30-35 D. 15

C

The most important factor about sugar's relationship to dental caries is: A. what time of day it is consumed. B. whether it is solid or liquid. C. frequency of ingestion. D. amount of ingestion.

C

The name of the hormone that assists with the conversion of glycogen to glucose is: A. insulin B. glycose C. glucagon D. glycogen

C

The nutrient that aids absorption of calcium and phosphorus is: A. vitamin K. B. vitamin A. C. vitamin D. D. folic acid.

C

The recommended amount of physical activity per day is 30 minutes. To get the most aerobic benefit from the exercise, it should be accomplished all at once, not in short bursts of activity. A. Both statements are true. B. Both statements are false. C. The first statement is true, the second false. D. The first statement is false, the second true.

C

The single most craved food is: A. fast food. B. caffeinated soda. C. chocolate. D. potato chips.

C

The source that is most likely to be accurate in dispensing herbal supplement information is: A. television infomercial. B. Internet advertising. C. pharmacist D. health food store clerks.

C

Vitamin ___ is the only vitamin found in animal food. A. B6 B. B3 C. B12 D. B5

C

We obtain two thirds of our daily water needs from drinking water and beverages. A little over one cup of our daily water needs are obtained from food. A. Both statements are true. B. Both statements are false. C The first statement is true. The second statement is false. . D. The first statement is false. The second statement is true.

C

What are recommended antioxidant supplements? A. Vitamin B complex with C B. Vitamin A, D, and E C. Vitamin C, E, and beta-carotene D. Calcium and vitamin C and E

C

When blood glucose is __________ than 80 mg/dL it is called __________. A. lower/hyperglycemia B. higher/hypoglycemia C. lower/hypoglycemia D. higher/hyperglycemia

C

When the body needs to repair and heal tissues, there is an increased need for protein. When temperature is elevated, there is a need to reduce total caloric intake. A. Both statements are true. B. Both statements are false. C. The first statement is true, the second false. D. The first statement is false, the second true.

C

Which age group has the second highest rate of growth next to infancy? A. Toddlers B. School-agers C. Teenagers D. Young adults

C

Which of the following best describes vitamins? A. Inorganic molecules obtained through the diet or supplementation that cause the breakdown of cellular processes B. Essential molecules produced by the body in response to physical stressors C. Organic molecules which assist cells with metabolic processes D. A nutrient consumed in large quantities that helps the body to produce energy

C

Which of the following condition leads to cardiac arrest in someone with anorexia? A. Fatigue and muscle weakness B. Excessive exercising C. Low potassium level D. Drinking large volume of water before meals

C

Which of the following eating disorders causes a person to crave nonfood items? A. Anorexia nervosa B. Body dysmorphic disorder C. Pica D. Orthorexia nervosa

C

Which of the following foods is NOT considered cariostatic? A. Sugar-free chewing gum B. Peanuts C. Macaroni D. Cheese

C

Which of the following is a common eating pattern for a patient with HIV/AIDS? A. Very healthy appetite B. Craving for spicy and salty foods C. Frequent simple carbohydrate consumption D. Need for caffeinated beverages for energy boost

C

Which type of water is processed to remove all the minerals and impurities? A. Tap B. Drinking C. Distilled D. Spring

C

A 15-year-old male can consume __________ calories just to maintain weight. A. 1,200 B. 2,500 C. 3,000 D. 4,000

D

A common practice that causes early childhood caries is: A. being infected with Lactobacillus from a mother's kiss. B. allowing the child to drink juice instead of milk with meals. C. weaning from the breast at too early an age. D. putting the child to bed with a bottle of milk.

D

A deficiency in ______________ can result in angular cheilosis and glossitis. A. Vitamin B1 B. Vitamin B2 C. Vitamin B5 D. Vitamin B6

D

A primary cause of mineral deficiency is: A. diets that restrict or eliminate foods that contain vitamins needed to facilitate mineral absorption. B. chronic conditions such as lactose intolerance which prohibit the person from consuming mineral rich foods. C. people in age groups in which certain minerals are required at higher levels. D. All answers are correct.

D

A protein molecule has more than __________ amino acids linked together. A. 5 B. 20 C. 50 D. 100

D

All of the following are good suggestions for maintaining blood glucose levels EXCEPT: A. eat complex carbohydrates throughout the day. B. choose whole grain versions of food. C. avoid refined sugar. D. eat simple sugars between meals.

D

All of the following are items to consider during counseling EXCEPT: A. the patient's cultural preferences. B. seasonal foods. C. the patient's ability to pay for certain food items. D. the number of people in the patient's immediate family.

D

All of the following are prenatal requirements EXCEPT: A. Calcium B. 25% increase in fluid intake C. Folate rich food D. 40-65% gram/day of protein

D

All of the following are roles of lipids in the body EXCEPT: A. carry fat-soluble vitamins throughout the body. B. slow digestion and give a feeling of fullness. C. are components of every body cell. D. maintain even blood glucose levels.

D

All of the following are signs of dehydration EXCEPT: A. difficulty concentrating B slight headache C. cognitive deterioration D. swelling inside the brain

D

All of the following statements are true about fiber EXCEPT: A. chemical links between fiber molecules cannot be separated by digestive enzymes. B. vitamins and minerals in fiber pass through the body unabsorbed. C. fiber adds chewy and crunchy texture to foods. D. fiber is predominantly found in animal protein and dairy products.

D

Clients over the age of 65 are too old to benefit from making healthy changes in their diets. It is never too late to make a change for the better in our eating habits. A. Both statements are true. B. Both statements are false. C. The first statement is true, the second false. D. The first statement is false, the second true.

D

Clients should be instructed to brush immediately after vomiting to prevent gastric acids from eroding enamel. Acid will etch and weaken enamel. A. Both statements are true. B. Both statements are false. C. The first statement is true, the second false. D. The first statement is false, the second true.

D

If a food package states "sugar-free" or "fat-free," it must not contain any sugar or fat. The ingredient section on a food label will lists all sugars separately. A. Both statements are true. B. Both statements are false. C. The first statement is true, the second false. D. The first statement is false, the second true.

D

If an individual is anorexic, he or she can't be bulimic. Bulimics consume large amounts of food; anorexics restrict food intake. A. Both statements are true. B. Both statements are false. C. The first statement is true, the second false. D. The first statement is false, the second true.

D

In which age group does parental influence have the least impact? A. Infant B. Toddler C. School-age child D. Teenager

D

Most nutrients are absorbed by the body through which organ? A. Colon B. Stomach C. Esophagus D. Small intestines

D

One should keep the following nutrients listed on the Nutrition Facts Labels as low as possible EXCEPT: A. cholesterol B. fat C. sodium D. carbohydrates

D

Protease aids with digestion of __________ and amylase aids with digestion of __________. A. fats/sugar B. carbohydrates/amino acids C. protein/lipids D. protein/carbohydrates

D

Protein __________ is measured by __________ in the diet. A. quality/hydrogen B. quantity/oxygen C. quality/amino acid D. quantity/nitrogen

D

The best place to provide dietary counseling is in the treatment chair, where the patient is most familiar with the office. Set up the counseling area with items such as patient X-rays to show where their problems are, items of food, and other visual aids. A. Both statements are true. B. Both statements are false. C. The first statement is true, the second false. D. The first statement is false, the second true.

D

The cause of many supplement/drug interactions is: A. overdosing on megadoses of the herbal supplement. B. impurities in the herbal supplement. C. patient noncompliance with the prescription drug when taking the herbal supplement. D. competition between the drug and the supplement for liver enzymes which metabolize both.

D

The law requires for stores to provide consumers with nutrient content of raw vegetables. Food served on airplanes is exempt from requiring food labels. A. Both statements are true. B. Both statements are false. C. The first statement is true, the second false. D. The first statement is false, the second true.

D

The maximum oral clearance time of solid food is ______. A. 30 minutes B. 45 minutes C. 1 1/2 hour D. 1 hour

D

The presence of mainly s. mutans and lactobacillus ______ the caries risk in a patient. A. reduces B. inactivates C. has no effect on D. increases

D

The recommended intake of carbohydrates is: A. no more than 30% of total daily calorie intake. B. 10% to 20% of total daily calorie intake. C. less than 75% of total daily calorie intake. D. about 55% to 65% of total daily calorie intake.

D

What is the daily recommended intake of fiber? A. 50 to 100 g B. 55 to 65 g C. 20 g D. 25 to 35 g

D

What type of nutrient is water? A. Mineral B. Nonessential C. Essential organic D. Essential

D

When counseling patients about mineral supplementation and healthy diet, health care provider should: A. advise the patient to avoid excessive use of processed food which may cause deficiencies in calcium, iron, and zinc. B. advise the patient that boiling foods containing vital minerals may cause the minerals to leach out of the food into the cooking water. C. advise the patient to avoid using excessive quantities of mineral supplements which might create imbalances of nutrients within the body. D. All answers are correct.

D

When two peptide bonds are joined together it is called a: A. tripeptide bond B. polypeptide bond C. Duopeptide bond D. di peptide bond

D

Where is water absorbed in the body? A. stomach B. kidneys C. skin pores D. small and large intestines

D

Which minerals causes stains of teeth and deficiency can incr ease dental caries? A. Calcium B. Phosphorus C. Potassium D. Fluoride

D

Which of the following is another name for sugar as an ingredient? A. Turmeric B. Potato starch C. Powdered cellulose D. Lactose

D

Which of the following is thought to be the best food preparation method to preserve vitamin availability to the body from foods? A. Exposure to UV light to destroy bacteria within food B. Exposure to dry heat to dehydrate foods C. Boiling for at least 30-minute to destroy bacteria within food D. Microwaving food

D

Which of the following special patient groups should avoid drinking fluids through a straw for a few days after treatment? A. Periodontal surgery B. TMJ C. NUP D. Oral surgery extraction

D

Which of the following sugar alcohols is the best sugar substitute due to its ability to reduce bacteria in saliva? A. Maltitol B. Mannitol C. Sorbitol D. Xylitol

D

A deficiency of which of the following nutrients can cause cleft palate? A. Protein B. Vitamin A C. Calcium D. Folic acid E. B and D

E

Disease processes caused by poor nutrition and eating habits includes all EXCEPT: A. anorexia B. colon cancer. C. dental caries. D. diabetes. E. hyperthyroidism.

E