nutrition second half

Jean has noticed that since starting her office job 6 months ago she has gained 10 pounds. Though she is enjoying the new job and going out with new coworkers, she has been getting to bed later and getting up earlier. In reflecting back at the changes that she has made during this time, identify which of the following are environmental factors versus genetic factors that could have contributed to her weight gain?

Environmental- decreased activity consumed more food consuming more high fat food lack of sleep Genetic- preference of sweet low hormonial appetite greater number of fat cells

Drag the mineral action to the corresponding body function.

phone

Iron is carefully conserved by the body and its absorption is affected by a number of factors. Determine whether each factor tends to increase or decrease iron absorption.

phone

Match the function on the left with its corresponding mineral on the right.

phone

Place the following steps in order, describing the increased risk of osteoporosis and fractures as a result of female athlete triad.

Left to right motion; disruption of HPA axis, decreased estrogen from the ovaries, cessation of menstruation, disruption of bone metabolism and then low bone mineral and density and stress fractures.

Sarah was recently diagnosed with prehypertension and is trying to limit her dietary intake of sodium. Which of the following foods should Sarah limit in her diet because of the high sodium content?

Luncheon meats

The DASH diet is low in fat and sodium and rich in fruits, vegetables, and low-fat dairy products. Complete each sentence by filling in the DASH diet serving recommendations for each food group.

The DASH diet recommends that followers eat 6-8 servings of grain products per day, with most of those coming from whole grains. Low-fat or fat-free dairy products are part of the DASH diet and adherents should aim to get 2-3 servings of these foods per day. Each day, someone following the DASH diet should aim for 4-5 servings of fruit and the same number of servings of vegetables. For non-meat protein sources, the DASH diet recommends 4-5 servings of nuts, seeds or legumes per week.

All of the following are considered risk factors for osteoporosis except _______.

being a premenopausal female

Liz is concerned about her caffeine intake because too much makes her feel jittery. She is at a cafe with a friend and wants to order a drink, but wants to choose the one with the least caffeine. Which of the following beverages likely has the least caffeine?

hot cocoa

Research supports which of the following statements on iron supplementation?

if iron-deficiency anemia exists, iron therapy could help increase physical performance

All of the following are typical physiological effects of dehydration except _______.

increased cardiac output

Certain female athletes are at increased risk for iron-deficiency anemia and compromised bone health. Determine whether the scenario listed below increases iron-deficiency anemia risk or osteoporosis risk.

increased iron deficiency risk: monthly menstrual losses, distance running that lead to gastrointestinal bleeding. increased osteoporosis risk: cessation of menstruation, low dietary calcium intake

Skinfold technique is one method to measure the thickness of subcutaneous fat. On the schematic of the skinfold technique, drag the labels to the appropriate location on the drawing.

left arrow on left hand side up and down bone, fat right side muscle, skin

Which of the following hormones or neuropeptides is secreted from the adipose tissue and inhibits appetite?

leptin

The set-point theory of weight control is based upon a feedback system, suggesting that the individual is programmed to be a certain body weight and that the body will always attempt to maintain that weight by regulating hunger and metabolism. What part of the body is believed to be the regulatory center for the control of the various feedback mechanisms?

receptors in the hypothalamus in the brain

Most obesity scientists support a multicausal theory involving the interaction of a number of genetic and environmental factors. Which of the following statements does NOT support the research evidence for genetic factors?

There is a greater relationship between children and their adoptive parents, as compared to their biological parents, when considering morbid obesity

For each of the following conditions or symptoms, match the condition/symptom with the vitamin deficiency. Each vitamin can be used only once.

Thiamin Deficiency: Beriberi Riboflavin Deficiency: Glossitis, cracks at the corner of mouth Vitamin B12 Deficiency: Nerve damage, including paralysis Folate Deficiency: Pernicious anemia Vitamin C Deficiency: Scurvy

When it comes to calcium balance, the priority of the body is _________.

To maintain blood calcium levels, even at the expense of bone

Determine whether each mineral element is a trace mineral, a major mineral, or a possible essential mineral.

Trace Mineral: Zinc, Copper, Iron Possible Essential Mineral: Boron, Arsenic, Nickel Major Mineral: Calcium, Potassium, Sodium

The number of times you perform a specific exercise is referred to as _________.

repetitions

Mark has been experiencing some unusual symptoms over the past two months and his health care provider suspects a vitamin deficiency. The glossitis, cracks at the corner of the mouth, and dry/itchy skin that Mark has been experiencing are likely a result of a _______ deficiency.

riboflavin

Some athletes athletes consume baking soda as an ergogenic aid. This is because baking soda contains _______, which may be beneficial for some athletes.

sodium biocarbinate

Which of the following statements is true for glycerol supplementation?

some studies indicate that glycerol-induced hyperhydration results in a lower heart rate and rectal temperature due to an increased blood volume.

Graham tracks his daily steps with a fitness tracker that syncs directly to his electronic devices. On average, Graham gets about 9,000 daily steps, which is considered _______.

somewhat active

Which of the following exercises would be best for working your shoulder muscles?

standing lateral raise

Excessive intake of _______ should be avoided during pregnancy as excess can be teratogenic, causing serious birth defects.

vitamin A

Which of the following is a fat-soluble vitamin?

vitamin E

Alan burns approximately 2,400 kcal daily and consumes approximately 2,000 kcal daily. He is likely to experience _______ as a result of burning more kcal than he comes daily.

weight loss

When resistance-training, a concentric exercise is one in which you are _________.

lifting against gravity

Which of the following foods would be considered a poor source of iron?

milk

According to numerous well-controlled research studies, which of the following dietary supplements has been shown to be a safe and effective means to induce significant loss of body fat?

none of the above

After experiencing regular feelings of fatigue and getting sick more often than normal, Jackie found out that she was deficient in iron and zinc. What foods could Jackie add to her diet to meet the RDAs for iron and zinc?

nuts dark meat chicken, brown rice

According to the principle of _______, a person must increase the volume of work done by the muscles to place greater stress on the cells of the muscle. This can be done by increasing the amount of weight and/or by increasing the number of repetitions.

overload

You are designing an exercise program for a friend. Which of the following recommendations are consistent with an exercise program that your friend will likely enjoy and stick with long-term?

all choices are correct

Which of the following is considered a high-quality protein?

all of the choices are correct

A comprehensive weight-control program should include a balanced, reduced-kcal diet and _________.

all the above

Determine whether the scenario results in more or less vitamin D synthesis.

--Less vitamin D synthesis: Older vs. younger person Dark skinned vs. light skinned Less vs. more time in the sun --More vitamin D synthesis: Summer vs. winter months Southern vs. northern latitudes

In the United States, a person is considered legally drunk if their blood alcohol content (BAC) is _______ or higher.

.08

A reasonable weight gain goal during the early stages of resistance training would be ________ pounds of muscle per week.

.5-1.0

Arrange the food categories according to their average nutrient density of potassium from highest (1) to lowest (4) nutrient density.

1. fresh fruits and vegetables 2, dairy products 3. whole grains 4. fats and oils

Luis is about 10 lbs overweight and hopes to lose that weight over the next three months. He is commited to following a healthy diet. As part of that healthy diet, Luis should consume no more than ______ percent of his total daily kcal from added sugars.

10

According to the RDA for vitamin D, a healthy 25-year-old male should consume _______ mcg vitamin D daily for optimal health.

15

Nancy has been playing in an outdoor tennis tournament on a hot summer day. Despite hydrating during her matches and throughout the day, Nancy has still lost 2 kg of body weight today. How much fluid should she rehydrate with following exercise?

2.5-3 liters

According to the Adequate Intake (AI), a healthy adult female should consume _______ liters of water daily.

2.7

Vince is a 35-year-old healthy male. Based on the Adequate Intake (AI) for water, Vince should consume _______ liters of water daily.

3.7

Insensible perspiration accounts for about _______ percent of body-water losses.

30

One pound of body fat contains approximately _______ kcal of potential energy.

3500

Gains in strength/power are better accomplished by multiple sets with _______ repetitions per set.

4-6

Amber is making changes to her diet for weight loss as well as promoting overall health. The registered dietitian nutritionist (RDN) Amber is working with recommended following a diet that provides 20% of kcal from fat. If Amber is eating 1,800 kcal daily on her weight-loss diet, she should consume approximately _______ grams of healthy fats daily.

40

Oliver is starting a resistance-training program to gain weight and build strength. In addition to his daily workouts, Oliver should increase his daily kcal intake by _______ kcal to gain approximately one pound per week.

400-500

Which of the following athletes could possibly benefit most from supplementation with sodium bicarbonate?

400-meter dash

In general, if an athlete is going to take a one-a-day vitamin-mineral supplement, it is recommended that the supplement contain no more than _______ percent of the RDA or AI for any mineral.

50-100

The average healthy human body is about _______ percent water.

50-60

Gains in muscle hypertrophy appear to be best accomplished by multiple sets and emphasizing a range of _______ repetitions per set.

6-12

Drag the element of body composition to the correct portion of the pie chart that it belongs.

96%: - protein - carbohydrate - water - fat 4%: - macrominerals - microminerals

Which of the following statements is correct when considering very low-Calorie diets (VLCD)?

A VLCD may actually be counterproductive to the ultimate goal of long-term weight loss, as it may lead to weight cycling

Bulimia nervosa is found _________.

"in individuals across the body weight spectrum."

Intravascular water _______.

"is the water found within blood vessels.

It is possible to enhance the effects of regular physical activity by altering the duration, frequency, intensity, or progression of exercise. Match the situations to determine whether they are describing increasing duration, frequency, intensity, or progression of exercise.

- Bill was swimming for 30 minutes, 3 days per week and recently increased that to 45 minutes, 3 days per week: Duration - Sonya was participating in one aerobics class per week and recently increased that to two aerobics classes per week: Frequency - Erin was walking on the treadmill at a rate of 3 miles per hour for 60 minutes and recently was able to increase her rate to 4 miles per hour for 60 minutes: Intensity - Chris used to do 30 minutes of cardio at 50% of his max heart rate 2 days per week and has gradually increased his performance such that now he is exercising for 60 minutes at 80% of his max heart rate 4 days per week: Progression

Complete each sentence about the balance between water and electrolytes with the appropriate term.

-When dissolved in water, some compounds separate into positively and negatively charged ions and enable transmission of an electrical current. Such ions in solution are known as electrolytes. -When the concentration of ions on opposite sides of a cell membrane is imbalanced, water moves across the membrane to the compartment of highest ion concentration. This movement of water along a concentration gradient is called osmosis. -If the intracellular concentration of ions is greater than the extracellular concentration, water will move into the cell, which may cause the cell to burst. -Cells that line the intestine actively absorb the ion sodium. Due to the concentration gradient that is created across the intestinal cell membrane, water in the intestinal lumen is passively absorbed, thus allowing absorption of most of the water that enters the GI tract.

Click and drag to indicate which eating disorder matches the cases described below.

Anorexia Nervosa; A 17-year-old female follows a self-imposed, highly restrictive diet. Over the past 6 months, her BMI has declined from 18.6 to 17.4, but she is concerned that she is too fat. Her usual energy intake is less than 700 kcal per day. She initially wanted to lose weight to improve her running speed, but her race times have actually increased and she is now unable to train due a stress fracture in her foot. Bulimia Nervosa; A 24-year-old female engages in binge eating two or three times per week. During these episodes of binge eating, she consumes 2000 to 3000 kcal within a 2-hour period. She feels so guilty about her eating behaviors, she forces herself to vomit to rid her body of the extra calories. This behavior has been taking place for about a year. Binge Eating Disorder; A 45-year-old male regularly comes home from a stressful day of work and eats continuously from the time he gets home until the time he goes to bed. He feels very distressed and guilty about his eating behaviors, but feels unable to stop once he begins eating. He does not engage in compensatory behaviors to rid his body of the excess calories consumed during these binges. The chronic energy imbalance has led to weight gain over the past few years and his current BMI is 33.

High or low blood sodium levels can have severe effects, including hypertension, muscle cramps, nausea, vomiting, shock, or coma. Classify each scenario based on whether there is risk for high or low blood sodium.

At risk of low blood sodium; Joe and Amanda At risk of high blood sodium; Louis and Margaret

Which of the following athletes is at the greatest risk for a defiency of vitamin D?

Athlete who lives at a higher latitude and who trains indoors

The female athlete triad refers to _________.

B. a female athlete who has a combination of brittle bones, amenorrhea, and disordered eating patterns.

Which of the following are common physiological effects of dehydration?

Common physiological effects of dehydration; decreased cardiac output, increased core temperature, increased heart rate and increase blood osmolality

Angelica was a collegiate tennis player who now plays semiprofessional tennis. She is competing in Miami, Florida, and the weather is hot and humid. What are symptoms of dehydration that Angelica should be aware of during her tennis match?

Common signs of dehydration in athletes; dark color urine, dry mouth, fatigue and rapid weight loss

Place the following images in order from highest daily energy (kcal) requirement to the lowest.

Construction worker exercise on lunch break engineer at factory women reading book

Which of the following statements is FALSE relative to exercise in attempts to prevent heat illnesses?

Consume high protein foods and fluids containing caffeine

Which of the following statements about core body temperature is false?

Core body temperature varies considerably depending upon the surrounding environmental temperatures."

Determine whether each label describes water-soluble or fat-soluble vitamins.

FAT-SOLUBLE: - vitamins that are stored mostly in the liver and fatty tissues - vitamins A, D, E, & K - Vitamins that travel with dietary WATER-SOLUBLE: - vitamins that include B vitamins and vitamin C - Vitamins that are readily excreted from the body - Vitamins that are easily lost during food processing and preparation

Drag each vitamin to its vitamin solubility classification.

Fat-soluble vitamin: Vitamin A, D, K, E Water-soluble vitamin: Vitamin B12 and C

Hydration is an important concern during physical activity. Complete each sentence with the appropriate hydration term.

For most athletes who are exercising for less than an hour or not losing significant amounts of weight during exercise, the best beverage for replacing fluid losses is water. A sports drink may be indicated when exercise surpasses 60 minutes or if weight loss is greater than 2% of initial body weight during a workout. While special consideration should be paid to ensuring adequate hydration during exercise, it is also possible to over consume water, which in turn leads to the dangerous condition known as hyponatremia.

Rana and her friend are training for a marathon. As a teenager, Rana ate a poor diet and experienced a vitamin B12 deficiency. To prevent a vitamin B12 deficiency as she trains for the marathon, identify which of the following foods is considered a good source of vitamin B12.

Good sources of Vitamin B12; grilled salmon, barbequed pork ribs and fortified corn flakes with milk

Ryan is an elite alpine (downhill) skier traveling the world and training for competitions. As such, he spends most of his time in the mountains. Ryan has heard that eating a diet rich in vitamin C may be beneficial to his overall health and exercise performance. Classify each of the following foods as "good" or "poor" sources of vitamin C.

Good sources of Vitamin C; Grapefruit and Strawberries Poor sources of Vitamin C; Milk and bread

Each of the following foods is a source of iron. Indicate whether the food provides predominately heme or nonheme iron by dragging the food item to the correct category.

Heme Iron; Steak and Chicken Nonheme Iron; Broccoli and whole wheat bread

The graph below shows the relationship between heart rate, kcal expenditure, oxygen consumption, and rate of perceived exertion and exercise intensity. Identify which factors are associated with a high exercise intensity and which are associated with a low exercise intensity.

High oxygen consumption is high rate of perceived exertion is high Low- heart rate is low kcal expenditure

Which of the following medical problems related to anabolic/androgenic steroids have NOT been documented in recent research reviews?

Increased bone growth in children and adolescents.

Which of the following is NOT a genetic factor that has been implicated in the development of obesity?

Increased resting energy expenditure (REE)

For each of the following factors, indicate whether it typically contributes to an increase or decrease in calcium absorption.

Increases Calcium Absorption; Adequate vitamin D, Adequate HCl secretion as part of gastric juices Decrease Calcium Absorption; deficiency of vitamin D, consuming phytic and oxalic acids, consuming a high fiber diet

A variety of factors can inhibit or enhance calcium absorption. Indicate whether each situation increases or decreases calcium absorption by dragging it to the appropriate column.

Increases calcium absorption: - having a heathy GI tract through which digestive contents can easily flow - eating vitamin D-enriched foods - pregnancy Decreases calcium absorption: - being over 70 years old - having a high-fiber diet rich in phytic acid -oxalic acid in spinach

Match each of the following eating or body image disorders with the correct statement describing that disorder.

Intense fear of gaining weight and significant restriction in kcal intake 2 anorexia Recurrent episodes of binge eating and regular use of laxatives, diuretics, and/or purging 3Choice, Bulimia nervosa Consuming a large amount of food in a short period of time and eating until uncomfortably full 4Choice, Binge eating disorder Restrictive dieting and preoccupation with eating only "healthy" foods 5Choice, Orthorexia nervosaCorrect Altered body image more prevalent in males (1 muscle dysmorphia)

When considering the different types of programs utilized for gaining body weight, which of the following is true?

Isotonic and isokinetic programs are comparable in their ability to produce gains in muscle size and strength

Research generally supports the theory that caffeine may enhance performance in long distance endurance events. Which of the following is the LEAST likely hypothesis?

It decreases the use of both free fatty acids and muscle glycogen

Which of the following best describes the action of ginseng in the body?

It is believed to influence neural and hormonal activity in the body.

Trace minerals ________.

have physiological roles that may have important implications for health or physical performanceare

Match the following iron-related terms with their definitions.

Match the following iron-related terms with their definitions.1) Dietary iron derived from hemoglobin and myoglobin in food (Click to select) Heme iron Hemoglobin Hematocrit Hemochromatosis Nonheme iron 2) Iron from plant sources, supplements, and animal tissues other than that provided by hemoglobin and myoglobin (Click to select) Hematocrit Nonheme iron Hemochromatosis Hemoglobin Heme iron 3) Iron-containing protein in red blood cells that transports oxygen and carbon dioxide (Click to select) Hemochromatosis Hematocrit Nonheme iron Hemoglobin Heme iron 4) Percentage of blood made up of red blood cells (Click to select) Hemoglobin Nonheme iron Hemochromatosis Hematocrit Heme iron 5) Disorder of iron metabolism that leads to abnormally high iron absorption and deposition of iron in the liver and heart (Click to select) Heme iron Hemoglobin Hemochromatosis Nonheme iron Hematocrit

Which of the following statements about android-type obesity is false?

More common in females than males

The most potentially dangerous heat illness is _______.

heat stroke

What disease is prevalent in the elderly and may be due to an inadequate calcium intake during childhood, adolescence, and/or young adulthood?

Osteoporosis

Which of the following is the key factor(s) or predictor(s) associated with exertional heat illness?

Physical fitness of the individual

Which of the following describes the importance of potassium in maintaining body fluids and acid-base balance?

Potassium is the primary positive ion in intracellular fluid.

Indicate whether each electrolyte is intracellular or extracellular and a positively charged ion or negatively charged ion.

Potassium: Intracellular positively charged Sodium: Extracellular positively charged Phosphate: Intracellular negatively charged Chloride: Extracellular negatively charged

For each of the four main stages of a vitamin deficiency, indicate which characteristic is associated with that stage of deficiency.

Preliminary Stage: Inadequate consumption or bioavailability of the vitamin Biochemical Deficiency: Body's pool of the vitamin is reduced Physiological Deficiency: Nonspecific symptoms, such as fatigue and loss of appetite, begin to appear Clinically Manifest Vitamin Deficiency: Specific symptoms, such as anemia, occur

There are a number of criteria for identifying an unreliable diet. Analyze each diet or weight-loss claim and determine which unreliable criterion the claim meets.

Promoting quick weight loss; The college reunion diet promises you will lose twenty pounds in the next two weeksLimiting foods selections; the chopped salad diet promises, "Three meals of chopped salad per day will shed pounds!!"Celebrity testimonials; a hall of farmer star baseball player claims, " The Cereal Diet is what made me such a great baseball player!No need to exercise; The Super Berry Diet will cure your weight loss problems - and no need for physical activity with this dietExpensive Supplements; For just $49.99 per mouth, the Extreme supplement Pack will burn fat while you sleep!

Click and drag the labels to indicate whether each of the following behaviors is RECOMMENDED or NOT RECOMMENDED to decrease the risk of heat-related illness.

RECOMMENDED: In hot or humid conditions, decrease your pace. Wear loose clothing. If you sweat profusely, increase your intake of potassium and sodium. NOT RECOMMENDED: Use dietary supplements containing ephedrine. Decrease your fluid intake to limit sweat production. Drink alcohol the night prior to prolong exercise. Increase your intake of protein.

Which of the following statements regarding vitamin deficiency is false?

Subclinical malnutrition always impairs physical performance

There are several factors, including substances produced by the body, that are involved in hunger and satiety regulation. Complete each sentence with the appropriate term.

The part of the brain that controls hunger, thirst, and satiety is called the HYPOTHALAMUS. In response to feelings of hunger, your stomach secretes a hormone called GHRELIN, which stimulates eating behavior. The small and large intestines release PEPTIDE YY that signals the stomach to reduce ghrelin secretion when eating has commenced. At the same time, the pancreas releases AMYLIN, a hormone that slows gastric emptying and reduces hunger. Fat cell screte LEPTIN

Rachael is a professional athlete participating in a research study to evaluate the effects of a particular diet on body composition in athletes. The researchers are using a variety of different methods to assess body composition. Drag the method description to its appropriate classification category.

Underwater weighing; You are weighed on a standard scale and then weighed again while submerged in water. air displacement; You are placed in a chamber that measures body volume by measuring the volume of air you displace while sitting inside the chamber. bioelectrical impedance; You stand on a scale placing your bare feet on the metal contact points on the device. The scale runs a low level electrical current through you. skinfold thickness; a clinician uses fat calipers to measure the layer of fat directly under the skin from a number of points on your body. dual energy x-ray absorptiometry; You lie on your back and a machine distributing low levels of radiation scans over you, calculating percentages of fat, lean tissues and bone mass.

Determine BMI using the given height and weight and drag the label to its appropriate BMI classification category.

Underweight: 5'8" (68 inches) tall and 120 pounds Healthy Weight: 5'8" (68 inches) tall and 140 pounds Overweight: 5'2" (62 inches) tall and 140 pounds Obese: 5'8" (68 inches) tall and 200 pounds

An ideal exercise plan incorporates variety, balance, and moderation. Determine whether each scenario is describing exercise in variety, balance, or moderation.

Variety- bob Balance-tina Moderation- in high school

MyPlate recommends a variety of foods to ensure that all nutrient needs are met. Match each nutrient to the food group that supplies it most abundantly. Use each answer only once.

Vitamin D: Dairy products Vitamin B12: Protein foods Vitamin E: Oils Vitamin C: Fruits and vegetables

For each of the following vitamins, match the vitamin with one of its main roles in the body.

Vitamin D: increases calcium and phosphorus deposition in bones Vitamin K: assists with blood clotting Vitamin B6: important for amino acid metabolism Vitamin E: donates electrons to neutralize free radicals Vitamin A: important for vision

You are working with the coach for a college women's volleyball team. The National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) has developed guidelines for coaches to help them identify collegiate-athletes who may have an eating disorder. For each of the following warning signs, indicate whether it is typically for anorexia nervosa or bulimia nervosa.

Warning signs for anorexia nervosa- dramatic weight loss a preoccupation with food Warning signs for bulimia nervosa- noticeable weight loss or weight gain bathroom visits after meal

Creeping obesity is caused by _________.

a combination of an increased consumption of kcal and a decreased level of physical activity.

Health benefits associated with resistance training include the following EXCEPT _________.

a decrease in bone mineral density

Which of the following minerals is most important for ion balance in cells?

chloride

Iron is important in the body because it is _________.

component of hemoglobin

Protein consumed during a starvation-type diet most likely will be _________.

converted to glucose for energy

Cobalamin, more commonly called vitamin B12, _________.

d) is crucial for the synthesis of DNA and red blood cells

Which of the following diets is considered a low-fat diet?

dean ornish

Gregg has been consistently exercising at least 60 minutes daily for the past month. He does a combination of aerobic and resistance training. Over the past month, Gregg has likely experienced each of the following except _______.

decrease in blood volume

Based on current research findings, the most likely factor underlying the ergogenic effect of caffeine during exercise is its _______.

effect to stimulate the nervous system.

water question:

energy-yielding fruits and vegetables meats, fish, and poultry non-energy-yielding 60 percent Water is a(n) non-energy-yielding nutrient. We obtain water in the diet from fluid sources and foods like fruits and vegetables. Our bodies are made up of approximately 60 percent water. Every day, a female body needs about 9 cups of water. A male body needs approximately 13 cups of water per day.

The fat necessary for normal functioning of the brain, nerve tissue, heart tissue, and cell membranes is called _______.

essential fat

Body sodium levels are largely regulated through _________.

excretion or absorption by the kidney.

Alcohol is derived from the fermentation of carbohdyrates. When consumed, alcohol is metabolized in the body as _______.

fat

Excessive consumption of caffeine may lead to all of the following except _______.

fatigue

Izzy is overweight and motivated to lose 20 lbs over the next six months. Drag each of the following suggestions to reduce overeating into the correct category.

food purchasing- do not shop while hungry prepare a shopping list with healthy option Food prep- limit use of added sugars use a small plate self discipline- check weight reguraly create modest 300-500 kcal per day

What do superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase have in common?

the function as natural, endogenous antioxidant enzymes in the tissues

Which of the following is true for a high-kcal diet?

to gain weight wisely, one needs to continue to eat healthful foods, but in greater amounts

During exercise, vitamin C plays a role in the synthesis of certain hormones and neurotransmitters, including epinephrine.

true

Obesity increases the risk for each of the following health problems except _______.

type 1 diabetes