Nutrition
A triglyceride includes
3 fatty acids and 1 glycerol
Which organ can make cholesterol?
Liver
Which best describes lipids?
Organic nutrients that are insoluble in water
Which organ produces the lipase enzyme that does bulk of lipid digestion?
Pancreas
Dietary sources of cholesterol include all of the following except
Peanut butter
Which of the following foods are best sources of carbs?
Red onion
Which digestive organ is lined with finger like projections called villi?
Small intenstine
How are lipids absorbed and digested in the body
Starts and ends in the small intestine. Aided by bile. Which emulsifies fats while enzymes digest them. Chylomicron transports fats through lymph system.
What is nutrient density and 3 examples of nutrient dense foods?
The nutrients a food provides compared to its energy content. Whole wheat, nuts, salmon. Enriched= nutrient levels low. Fortified=added nutrients back
Which is true of structure/function claims?
They do NOT have to be accompanied by a disclaimer.
Which is true of structure/function claims?
They do not have to be accompanied by a disclaimer.
What is the primary form of lipids in the diet?
Triglycerides
Fat is digested more slowly than carbohydrate or protein
True
Fat is the most energy dense of all the macronutrients.
True
Lipids can be either solid or liquid at room temperature.
True
Moderate weight loss can reduce or eliminate symptoms of type 2 diabetes
True
In nutrition the word essential means
a necessary nutrient that can be obtained only from the diet
Omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids are examples of:
polyunsaturated fatty acids
The dietary guidelines encourage Americans to consume less
refined grains and added sugars
A fatty acid with only single bonds between carbon atoms is called a ___ fatty acid
saturated
The primary organ of digestion and absorption is the:
small intestine
Foods consisting mostly of fatty acids with only single bonds tend to be:
solid at room temperature
Cholesterol is an example of a
sterol
Most common source of added sugars in the American diet
sweetened soft drinks
When fructose and glucose are bonded together they form:
table sugar
Describe how carbs are digested & absorbed in the body
Begins in mouth w salivary glands. Stops in the stomach, and finished in small intestine. Released from rectum.
____ can help fat & water mix by breaking large fat globules into smaller ones
Bile
Which is the preferred fuels for most body functions
Carbohydrates and fat
Which of the following foods is likely to contain significant amounts of trans fats
Commercially made crackers and cookies
Which of the following is a rich source of polyunsaturated fatty acids?
Corn oil
_____fatty acids are not synthesized by the body
Essential
One potential problem with a very low fat diet is it may be deficient in
Essential fatty acids
The body's store of ______ can sustain cellular activities when the intervals between meals become long
Fat
Which of the following passes through the large intestine unabsorbed?
Fiber
Which of the following is a rich source of omega3 fatty acids?
Fish
Fructose is mostly found in
Fruits & vegetables
Which hormone is released when blood sugar falls too low
Glucagon
All of the following are major classes of dietary lipids except:
Glycogen
Which of the following lipoproteins has highest procentage of cholesterol?
High density lipoproteins
Stable state to keep body temp, heart rate and blood sugar relatively constant is called
Homeostasis
Which ingredient would alert you to the likely presence of trans fatty acids
Hydro generated vegetable oil
Diets high in trans fats are associated with
Increased blood cholesterol levels
Which of the following is not an accessory organ of digestive system?
Kidney
To facilitate the digestion of dietary fats, the gallbladder stores and releases a substance known as
bile
What are the energy yielding nutrients?
carbs, fats, proteins
Which lipoprotein transports dietary fat out of the small intestine?
chylomicron
A healthy eating pattern emphasizes all of the following except
eating 3 servings of foods containing refined grains per day.
Empty calories are
from added sugars and/or solid fats.
What is the major monosaccharide found in the body?
glucose
Most fatty acids in food and in the body are bound to a molecule called:
glycerol
The energy provided by foods is measured in
kilocalories
All of the following foods except _____ help reduce LDL cholesterol & reduce risk of heart disease
margarine containing partially hydrogenated vegetable oils
Storage sites for glycogen
muscles and liver
A dietary approach that protects against heart disease is the consumption of foods high in:
omega-3 fatty acids
Fish oils are a good dietary source of:
omega-3 fatty acids
Trans fatty acids are most abundant in foods that contain:
partially hydrogenated oils