Nutrition

A triglyceride includes

3 fatty acids and 1 glycerol

Which organ can make cholesterol?

Liver

Which best describes lipids?

Organic nutrients that are insoluble in water

Which organ produces the lipase enzyme that does bulk of lipid digestion?

Pancreas

Dietary sources of cholesterol include all of the following except

Peanut butter

Which of the following foods are best sources of carbs?

Red onion

Which digestive organ is lined with finger like projections called villi?

Small intenstine

How are lipids absorbed and digested in the body

Starts and ends in the small intestine. Aided by bile. Which emulsifies fats while enzymes digest them. Chylomicron transports fats through lymph system.

What is nutrient density and 3 examples of nutrient dense foods?

The nutrients a food provides compared to its energy content. Whole wheat, nuts, salmon. Enriched= nutrient levels low. Fortified=added nutrients back

Which is true of structure/function claims?

They do NOT have to be accompanied by a disclaimer.

Which is true of structure/function claims?

They do not have to be accompanied by a disclaimer.

What is the primary form of lipids in the diet?

Triglycerides

Fat is digested more slowly than carbohydrate or protein

True

Fat is the most energy dense of all the macronutrients.

True

Lipids can be either solid or liquid at room temperature.

True

Moderate weight loss can reduce or eliminate symptoms of type 2 diabetes

True

In nutrition the word essential means

a necessary nutrient that can be obtained only from the diet

Omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids are examples of:

polyunsaturated fatty acids

The dietary guidelines encourage Americans to consume less

refined grains and added sugars

A fatty acid with only single bonds between carbon atoms is called a ___ fatty acid

saturated

The primary organ of digestion and absorption is the:

small intestine

Foods consisting mostly of fatty acids with only single bonds tend to be:

solid at room temperature

Cholesterol is an example of a

sterol

Most common source of added sugars in the American diet

sweetened soft drinks

When fructose and glucose are bonded together they form:

table sugar

Describe how carbs are digested & absorbed in the body

Begins in mouth w salivary glands. Stops in the stomach, and finished in small intestine. Released from rectum.

____ can help fat & water mix by breaking large fat globules into smaller ones

Bile

Which is the preferred fuels for most body functions

Carbohydrates and fat

Which of the following foods is likely to contain significant amounts of trans fats

Commercially made crackers and cookies

Which of the following is a rich source of polyunsaturated fatty acids?

Corn oil

_____fatty acids are not synthesized by the body

Essential

One potential problem with a very low fat diet is it may be deficient in

Essential fatty acids

The body's store of ______ can sustain cellular activities when the intervals between meals become long

Fat

Which of the following passes through the large intestine unabsorbed?

Fiber

Which of the following is a rich source of omega3 fatty acids?

Fish

Fructose is mostly found in

Fruits & vegetables

Which hormone is released when blood sugar falls too low

Glucagon

All of the following are major classes of dietary lipids except:

Glycogen

Which of the following lipoproteins has highest procentage of cholesterol?

High density lipoproteins

Stable state to keep body temp, heart rate and blood sugar relatively constant is called

Homeostasis

Which ingredient would alert you to the likely presence of trans fatty acids

Hydro generated vegetable oil

Diets high in trans fats are associated with

Increased blood cholesterol levels

Which of the following is not an accessory organ of digestive system?

Kidney

To facilitate the digestion of dietary fats, the gallbladder stores and releases a substance known as

bile

What are the energy yielding nutrients?

carbs, fats, proteins

Which lipoprotein transports dietary fat out of the small intestine?

chylomicron

A healthy eating pattern emphasizes all of the following except

eating 3 servings of foods containing refined grains per day.

Empty calories are

from added sugars and/or solid fats.

What is the major monosaccharide found in the body?

glucose

Most fatty acids in food and in the body are bound to a molecule called:

glycerol

The energy provided by foods is measured in

kilocalories

All of the following foods except _____ help reduce LDL cholesterol & reduce risk of heart disease

margarine containing partially hydrogenated vegetable oils

Storage sites for glycogen

muscles and liver

A dietary approach that protects against heart disease is the consumption of foods high in:

omega-3 fatty acids

Fish oils are a good dietary source of:

omega-3 fatty acids

Trans fatty acids are most abundant in foods that contain:

partially hydrogenated oils