nutriton test final
a client passes a urinary stone and lab analysis indicates its calcium oxalate. on the basis of this analysis which directions should the nurse include in the dietary instructions
-Eat plenty of leafy vegetables but avoid spinach and beats -Eat citrus fruits and juices - increase intake of foods such as meat, fish, plums, and cranberries
The first step in community nutrition program is to
Assess the needs
What is it called when you crave non-food substances
Pica
which food is considered to have low nutrition density
Potato chips
what deficiency causes sores in the corner of the mouth
Riboflavin deficiency
which bacteria are sometimes associated with peptic ulcer
Helicobacter pylori
a nurse provides dietary instructions to a client with pancreatitis knowing which food needs to be avoided
Chili
Those diagnosed with metabolic syndrome are at increased risk for what
Coronary artery disease
What is an example of a food high in Vitamin E
Green salad with sunflower oil dressing
metabolic syndrome includes
HTN and abdominal obesity
which measurement with BMI to assess disease risk
Waist circumference
the condition resulting from hyper vitamintosis A that can cause blindness is also known as what
Xeropthalmia
Which mineral deficiency may result in dwarfism and poor wound healing
Zinc
When the body is not able to balance the need for bases with the amount of acid retained, what condition might occur?
acidosis
The chemical compound that provides energy for body functions in the cell is
adenosine triphosphate cachexia
A nurse is reviewing medication for a new admission. Which of the following medication decreases the body's rate of metabolism
amitriptyline
what is the name of the process that takes released energy and builds new substances from simpler ones
anabolism
how is sodium a predisposing factor in hypertension
and increased intake of sodium causes fluid shifts in the body, which puts extra pressure on the blood vessels
The first step in the Nutrition Care Process is nutrition:
assessment
The underlying cause of type 1 diabetes is
autoimmune attack of insulin producing cells
A problem associated with use of blenderized formula is
bacterial contamination
people who have celiac disease would eliminate what food from their diet
barley
what are the main features of the health belief model of how education impacts behavior
behaviors are how people perceive their vulnerability to a particular disease or condition
The major provitamin form of vitamin a found in plant pigments is known as
beta carotene
A nurse is caring for a patient who has an order for mechanical soft diet with food selections. Which of the following are appropriate selections by the patient
ground turkey mashed carrots cottage cheese
procedures used in food manufacturing facilities to prevent food contamination are called
hazard analysis and critical control points
What blood test can indicate anemia
hemoglobin test
clients who have limited ability to digest or absorb nutrients can be given a commercial formula containing the products of digestion of proteins, carbohydrates, and fats, which is lactose free. What is the term for this formula
hydrolyzed formula
Factors that contribute to increasing rates of obesity include
increase in portion sizes
Sports anemia in athletes is caused by what
increased plasma volume
One way that some drugs can cause mineral depletion is through:
increased renal excretion
milk is normally restricted to 1/2 cup per day for dialysis clients because it's high in what
potassium
a nurse is discharging a patient from the telemetry floor who has been diagnosed with chronic stage 2 kidney disease, the patient is asking about dietary restrictions what should the nurse include in the instructions
restrict protein intake
The nutritional status of hospitalize client is most likely to be adversely affected by
restricted diet and unserved Meals
what deficiency disease is due to the insufficient calcium and vitamin D
rickets
The use of low residue diet may be recommended preoperatively for clients
scheduled for Gastrointestinal surgery
which of the following are among the functions of the kidneys
secrete certain hormones, excrete waste
The laboratory test result that is generally used to predict glomerular filtration rate(GFR) in clinical practice is
serum creatinine level
for the nutrition information on food labels to be useful to consumers, it is important for consumers to check the
serving size
Cachexia is defined as
severe malnutrition and body wasting
The active form of vitamin D is synthesized by the combination action of the
skin, liver and kidney
Chinese cooking can cause problems with clients with high blood pressure because of what
sodium - soy sauce
a nurse is instructing a group about nutrition, the nurse should include which food is good source of high quality protein
soy beans
What are the steps of inserting a nasal gastric tube
the tube goes at the tip of the nose, to the ear lobe, down to the Xiphoid process
during the asymptomatic phase of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection
the virus continues to replicate in many cells and organs.
Adequate Intake (AI) value is used when
there is not sufficient research to develop a Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA).
A nurse is discussing essential nutrients for a normal functioning of the nervous system with a client. Which of the following should the nurse include in the teaching
thiamin calcium sodium vitamin B6
nutrition information on food labels must provide information about the food contribution to intake of
total carbohydrate, sugars and dietary fiber
The process of providing all nutritions intravenously is called
total parenteral nutrition
when a client cannot or will not take food by mouth, but their gastrointestinal tract is working, they will receive
tube feeding
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has cancer about Foods that prevent protein energy malnutrition, which food should the nurse include in the teaching
tuna, cottage cheese, egg and ham omelet, milkshake
A nurse is discussing foods that are high in vitamin D with a client who is unable to be out in the sunlight. Which of the following should the nurse include in the teaching
two large poached eggs
people who use monoamine oxidase inhibitors for treatment of depression need to avoid foods high in
tyramine
name two end products of protein metabolism
urea and uric acid
A simple method for evaluating fluid balance is
urine volume and concentration
Night blindness can result from a deficiency of what vitamin
vitamin A
important precautions for preventing foodborne illnesses includes
washing hands before eating and cooking
A nurse is conducting a nutritional class on minerals and electrolytes. The nurse should include that 1/2 cup of which of the following foods is the best source of magnesium
whole almonds
Public health nutrition is mostly concerned with
The overall health of populations
what supplement does a breast fed baby need to be on
Vitamin D
What is the female athlete triad?
-Bone loss, -menstrual dysfunction(amenorrhea) -inadequate energy
two vitamins that have interrelated functions in the body are
folate and b12
Vitamin C rich food are
- green pepper -milk -oranges -strawberries -cabbage
which of the following statements is correct
for type one diabetes, insulin is often given in two or more injections daily
a patient asks the nurse for suggestions of ways to reduce or stop constipation, which of the following suggestions should the nurse include
-drink at least 13 8-Oz glasses of liquid each day - eat a high fiber diet - get some exercise everyday
What should the nurse consider before administering a patients enteral nutrition formula
-the feeding tube must be Flush with 20-30ml of water every 4 hours, -Continuous feedings must be administered via infusion Pump
if a nurse prepares to empty container of TPN, and you don't have another bag to hang from pharmacy, what would they use to replace it
10% dextrose
to decrease the risk of chronic disease in adult hood, one should engage in moderately intense exercise for how long
30 minutes a day
a nurse is conducting nutrition consoling to a patient in her Second trimester of pregnancy the nurse should suggest for her to increase her caloric intake by how many calories
340 calories
Each gram of protein provides how many calories
4 calories
when is the best time to introduce solid foods to a child
4 to 6 months when they sit up and their tongue doesn't push food back out
What is the amount of folic acid that should be given a day to women in the child bearing age
400 MCG
what vitamin supplement should not be given to Renal clients because the blood level of this vitamin tends to be elevated in your uremia
A
A nurse is completing discharge teaching to a client about nutrition therapy for wound healing following major surgery, which of the following vitamins that promote wound healing should the nurse include
A, K, C, B12
a nurse observes a client receive fat emulsion who is having hives, the nurse reviews the clients history and notes which following could cause the compliant of the client , they have lipids running
Allergy to eggs
what is malnutrition and muscle wasting
Cachexia
What lab chemical analysis of blood samples may indicate kidney failure
Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN)
cancer generally begins with disruptions in
DNA replication
Of the following foods, the type that provides the most calcium per serving is
Dairy products
a nurse is caring for a patient in a long term care facility who has been prescribed to tetracycline, what dietary issues are related to tetracycline
Dairy products should not be consumed within 2 hours of taking medications
a nurse is planning care for a client who has Cirrhosis and ascites, which of following interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care
Decrease the clients fluid intake
Obesity increases the risk of developing what
Diabetes
Exercise improves mental health by production of
Endorphins
unmodified cows milk is unsuitable for young infants because it causes what
GI bleeding
Which food listed below would be lowest in sodium
frozen green beans
during adolescents, a nutrient a girl needs is greater then a boy for what
Iron
Foods prepared for jewish dietary laws are referred to as
Kosher
Cross-contamination occurs when:
Non effected food is prepared with equipment used to prepare infected food
A type of drug that may cause stomach irritation and even gastric bleeding is
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug
Overt malnutrition occurs when:
Nutrient reserves are depleted
what is the condition when urinary output is less than 500 ML a day
Oliguria
Dietary chemo preventative agents include what
Polyphenols and Lycopene
when the increase needs for energy and proteins are not met by food and the body has used all of the vitamins storage, a condition called protein energy malnutrition results, what are the consequences?
Poor wound healing, depressed immune response, anemia
An example of a whole grain snack would be
Popcorn
A nurse carrying for a client with Cirrhosis of the liver to minimize the effects of the disorder the nurse teaches the client about foods that are high in thiamine, the nurse determines the client has an understanding of the dietary measures when the client states in increase the intake of which food
Pork
A hormone that increases blood glucose levels is
glucagon
What is the purpose of dietary guidelines for americans
Promote health and reduce risk of chronic disease through exercise
Loss of taste sensation is most likely to occur when cancer patients are treating using what
Radiation
a nurse is teaching a client who has pre dialysis end stage kidney disease about diet, which of the following should the nurse include
Reduce intake of foods high in potassium
The types of carbohydrate most commonly used an entry on nutrition formulas are
glucose polymers
Which bio chemical test measures proteins status
Serum albumin levels
renal stones are classified according to their what
Size, location, composition
Which of the following represents a diet low in saturated fat
Turkey and tomato sandwich with pretzels
what is an environmental carcinogen, name one
Ultraviolet Radiation from sunlight
a nurse is providing teaching about food safety and food born illness to a group of older adults at a community center, which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching
Unpasteurized fruit juice is a common cause of food born illness
Energy needs for the client with renal disease should be for filled with
carbohydrates and fats
Why should a toddler not drink a lot of milk
causes iron deficiency anemia
when the sodium in the extra cellular fluid is reduced, what condition might occur
cellular edema
diet therapy for clients with diverticulitis may begin with
clear liquid diet
sodium and other electrolytes are absorbed in the
colon
The best way to for most people relieve constipation is to
consume more dietary fiber
a nurse assesses a patient with hypoglycemia
diaphesis
What is the name of the intestinal disorder characterized by little pockets in the side of the large intestine
diverticulosis
which of the following may be more helpful for a client with type 1 diabetes
eat small meals plus 2 or 3 snacks per week
what dietary practices are believed to reduce the chance of developing osteoporosis
eating calcium rich foods
complications associated with parenteral nutrition include
electrolyte abnormalities
One household's have limited money for food, they are most likely to purchase foods high in
energy
What is the term used for foods that have been supplemented with vitamins
enriched or fortified
Development of coronary artery disease is related to
fibrous plaques in coronary vessels
Sample of food that contain a functional fiber is
jam made with pectin
What type of vegetarian uses dairy products but no meat, poultry, or eggs.
lacto- vegetarian
name a phytochemical
legumes
four types of muscles in the intestine are
longitudinal, circular, sphincter, and mucosal.
How is fiber considered a therapeutic tool in the meal plan for a client with diabetes?
lowers blood glucose
food lists for diabetes groups foods on the basis of their
macronutrient content
One of the basic objectives of medical nutrition therapy for clients receiving dialysis is to:
maintain protein and energy balance
Aerobic capacity or VO2 max is what
maximum rate at which the body can deliver and use oxygen
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has vitamin B 12 deficiency. Which of the following Foods should the nurse instruct the client to consume
meat eggs milk
you have a patient who just had a stroke and has gargling speech, what type of diet do you expect the patient to be prescribed after a speech evaluation
mechanical altered diet with nectar thick liquid
a nurse is caring for a client who has Chrons disease and is receiving parenteral nutrition, which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the care of the client
monitor daily lab values and report as needed
what is the term for the instrument used to tube feed through the nose and into the stomach
nasogastric tube
what is a condition in which stones develop in the kidneys
nephrolithiasis
A deficiency of vitamin a in the body may result in
night blindness
for a client who has achalasia, the diet of choice is
nutrient-dense liquids and semisolid foods
there are many cumulative effects of a poor, unbalanced diet. Which of these disease states may be attributable to low nutrition density food
obesity atherosclerosis hypertension
a nurse is caring for a client who has diabetes and is shaky and weak, which of the followng actions should the nurse take
offer them 120 ml of fruit juice
A full term infant is likely to triple their birth weight by age what
one year
how long should a child take infant formula?
one year
many infant formulas include added DHA for what
optimum brain development
What is an enzyme that aids in the digestion of fats
pancreatic lipase
a disease associated with niacin deficiency is known as
pellagra