Ob/gyn 2

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Which of the following will be demonstrated as hypoechoic areas within the placenta that display turbulent flow on Color Doppler evaluation

Placenta accreta

Maternal cocaine abuse is associated with what critical findings on the fetal ultrasound

Placental abruption and premature birth

The most common cause of fetal bladder rupture is

Posterior urethral valves

If the radiologist suspects Potter syndrome and request that you perform a thoracic circumference. How will this measurement assist in the diagnosis

Potter syndrome usually demonstrates a bell shaped thorax that is much more narrow than the abdominal cavity

Which of the following terms refers to a patient that is pregnant with her first child

Primigravida

The health insurance portability and accountability act provide security for PHI. What does PHI stand for

Protected health information

Non-visualization of the fetal abdominal muscles, urinary track abnormalities and undescended testes are the classic triad of signs of

Prune belly syndrome

Which of the following structures is anterior to the ovary

Rectus abdominis muscle

When evaluating a small embryo for cardiac activity, it is important to

Reduce the size of the field of view and increase the frame rate

Which acoustic artifact causes decreased visualization of the cerebral hemisphere closest to the transducer face

Reverberation

The normal direction of flow through the fetal foramen ovale is

Right atrium to left atrium

Fetal lung volumetry performed with 3d sonography should be used to help diagnose

Skeletal dysplasia

If the femur length is more than two standard deviation's below the mean of gestational age, there is a strong suspicion of

Skeletal dysplasia

Which of the following abnormalities will demonstrate normal AFP levels in the amniotic fluid

Spina bifida occulta

Which arteries apply the functionalis layer of the endometrium

Spiral

Which of the following are common symptoms of preeclampsia

Sudden maternal weight gain, edema and proteinuria

While scanning a 35 week fetus for a BPP the patient becomes nauseous and dizzy. What is the most common cause for these acute symptoms

Supine hypotension

When evaluating twin pregnancies, fetus a is always defined as

The fetus closest to the internal os

Which of the following best describes the sonographic appearance of a patient in day 20 of their menstrual cycle

Thick and hyperechoic

The most common type of conjoined twin is

Thoracopagus

The embryo is most sensitive to teratogenic affects between____gestation

Three and eight weeks

A bicornuate uterus is identified during a pelvic ultrasound. The referring doctor now request an abdominal sonogram with a diagnosis of bicornuate uterus. One

To evaluate the kidneys for congenital anomaly

The correct cranial level for BPDandHC assessment is

Transverse axial view of the fetal skull at the level of the cavum septum pellucidum, third ventricle and thalamus

Three complete copies of the 23 human chromosomes results in fetal diagnosis of

Triploidy

A chronic maternal infection with parvovirus can lead to all the following except

Trisomy 21

While scanning the heart in 4 chamber view , you identify echogenic focus near the apex of the left ventricle, and two along the ventricular septum these findings would indicate the greatest increase in suspicion for what fedal syndrome

Trisomy 21

Which of the following early embryologic structures produces progesterone

Trophoblastic cells

A diagnosis of IUGR is made when the biometric measurements are more than_____below normal

Two standard deviation's

Applying color Doppler to a transverse view of the fetus at the level of the fetal bladder will help to demonstrate

Two umbilical arteries

There are several cysts in the left one that appear 2 to 4 cm in size. This finding most likely indicates

Type 1 congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation

In complete resolution of which embryologic structure can cause a cystic formation between the abdominal wall and the anterior bladder wall

Urachus

Which of the following is correct regarding the amniotic fluid volume

Use a transverse view to obtain an AP measurement of the deepest pockets of fluid in the four quadrants

Which of the following intracranial anomalies is associated most commonly with fetal hydrops, ascites and congestive heart failure

Vein of Galen aneurysm

Which of the following is listed in the correct order of embryologic development

Zygote, cleavage, morula, blastocyst

The ratio of kidney diameter to the abdominal diameter should stay between____for the entire pregnancy

0.23-0.27

The nuchal translucency is normally measured at what gestational age

11 to 14 weeks

Herniation of the midgut is an abnormal finding and gestations over_____in age

12 weeks

A midline facial cleft is most commonly associated with what intracranial abnormality

holoprosencephaly

The fetal stomach should be routinely visualized by week

14

On a transvaginal ultrasound, the minimal means that diameter that should always demonstrate an embryo in a normal IUP is

16 mm

The normal menstrual cycle last

28 days

____Is the gold standard method of evaluation of IUD position in the endometrial cavity

3-D ultrasound

Twins will exhibit the same fetal growth pattern as a fetus in a singleton pregnancy until,,, weeks

30

The fetal testicles normally the sand into the scrotum before____weeks gestation

34

Advanced maternal age refers to a pregnant woman who is greater than

35 years of age

Premature delivery is birth of the fetus that occurs before______weeks of gestation

37

A 27-year-old nongravid patient presents with a history of G4P2112. How many times has she been pregnant

4

Using a four quadrant method, which of the following AFI values would most likely be associated with a preeclampsia in a 27 week gestation

4 cm

Macrosomia describes a fetus weighing more than

4000 g

Benign unilocular cyst usually do not exceed a diameter of

5 cm

The optimum obtainable Doppler angle used for evaluation of the uterine artery's is

60°

An abnormally short fetal neck with fixed posterior flexion is called

iniencephaly

Which of the following Banan uterine condition characterized by invasion of the myometrium by endometrial tissue

Adenomyosis

A fused thalamus as identified in which of the following cranial abnormalities

Alobar and semilobar holoprosencephaly

Which of the following is associated with Asherman syndrome

Amenorrhea

The most common place for normal egg fertilization to occur is within which of the following fallopian tube segment

Ampulla

A uterine body/fundus that is tilted anteriorly with a sharp angle to the cervix is described about which of the following terms

Anteflexed

A patient presents with a 20 week pregnancy for a level two evaluation do you to a history of a prior child with arthrogryposis. Which of the following best describes the expected findings on today's exam if this child also has the disorder

Bilateral Talipes, deformed elbows, wrists, ankles, knees and hips

Hematometra refers to_____while hematometracolpos refers to

Blood dilating the uterine cavity, blood dilating the uterine cavity, cervix and vagina

Which of the following terms describes a rounded head with a cephalic index greater than 85%

Brachycephaly

All of the following require a C-section delivery of a fetus except

Breech presentation

Which cranial structures would be visualized in the head when performing a fetal head circumference in the proper location

CSP, third ventricle and thalamus

All of the following describes the ovarian cortex, except

Can be measured by locating the border with medullary tissue and measuring the thickness from central ovary to outer age

Which of the following correctly describes coelocentesis

Can be performed as early as six weeks

In the second trimester, documenting a normal lens in each eye on the fetal ultrasound can rule out which of the following abnormalities

Cataracs

A patient with a 25 week gestation presents with a history of an abnormal triple screen. The referring doctor would like to rule out spina bifida. What intracranial structure could be evaluated for signs of spina bifida

Cerebellum

All of the following are reasons for oligo except

Chorioangioma

The_____forms the outer layer of the percentage that is in contact with the endometrium

Chorion

What is the most common cause of demise in the first trimester

Chromosomal abnormalities

Cleidocranial dysplasia is an Autosomal dominant condition characterized by

Clavicular aplasia or hypoplasia

When attempting to image the fundus of an Anteverted uterus with transvaginal ultrasound, the transducer should be angled so that the handle is

Closer to the bed

Which of the following is a potential cause for deceleration of the heart rate on a non-stress test

Compression of the umbilical cord with fetal motion

What is the most common cystic pelvic mass seen with pregnancy

Corpus luteum

Which of the following adnexal masses as a sign of normal intrauterine pregnancy

Corpus luteum cyst

Which transducer is most commonly used for third trimester anatomy evaluation

Curvilinear

The most commonly reported entry uterine infection in pregnancy is

Cytomegalovirus

Which of the following correctly describes how to calculate gestational age of pregnancy produced through IVF

Date of conception +2 weeks

During fetal development, which of the following describes the maternal component of the placenta

Decidua basalis

You are evaluating the umbilical artery with PW Doppler and then move the cursor to evaluate the umbilical vein. Which of the following Console adjustments will need to be made for proper display of the new signal

Decrease the velocity scale

Which of the following describes the sonographic appearance of possible intestinal atresia and a 29 week fetus

Decreased or absent peristalsis of bowel

Which of the following can predict erythroblastosis fetalis using a sample of Amniotic fluid

Delta OD450 testing

A transverse image of the uterus allows measurement of which uterine dimensions

Depth and width

Which of the following can be used to provide estimated fetal age in a fetus with symmetric IUGR

Diameter of cerebellum

Which of the following is most common in the Amish community and presents as mesomelia, polydactyly and cardiac defects

ELLIS van creveld syndrome

____Is the term used to describe a thoracic defect where the heart has herniated outside of the chest wall

Ectopia cordis

A patient presents with an LMP7 weeks ago. Her chart shows she has been treated three times for PID over the last four years. The patient has an increased risk of

Ectopic pregnancy due to possible tubal adhesions from the PID

Special compounding requires a transducer that can perform

Electronic steering

Chorioangioma's are associated with

Elevated MSAFP

Most primary malignancies of the ovary originate in the

Epithelial -stromal tissues

While performing in anatomy scan of a 28 week gestation, you begin to image the umbilical cord. The court appears abnormally thickened that contains the vessels of normal size and number. Which of the following could explain these findings

Excessive Wharton's jelly within the cord

I Lipoleiomyoma will be hyperechoic to the Myometrium due to increased levels of

Fatty tissue

Polyhydramnios associated with all of the following except

Fetal demise

You are performing a third trimester scan with possible oligo. Which of the following should be evaluated to find the cause

Fetal kidneys and cervix

Which type of breech position is defined as fetus with butt first with legs extended adjacent to fetal abdomen

Frank

During renal development, the kidneys normally migrate________

From the pelvic region superiorly into the lower abdomen

Which of the following best describes the best way to measure the humerus length

From the window where the humerus is closest to the face of the probe and when the ultrasound beam is perpendicular to the length of the humerus

Which of the following is associated with precocious puberty

Granular cell tumor

Which of the following types of ovarian cysts are formed by bleeding into a functional cyst

Hemorrhagic cyst

I patient presents for a fetal anatomy scan due to a recent diagnosis of cytomegalovirus. Which of the following supplemental measurements should be performed during the exam to evaluate the affects of the virus

Hepatic length

A patient presents for a fetal anatomy scan at 26 weeks the head circumference, BPD and FL measure 25 weeks. They abdominal circumference measures 28.5 weeks. Which of the following could cause this discrepancy

Hepatic mesenchymal hamartoma

A trident hand is commonly seen with which skeletal abnormality

Heterozygous achondroplasia

Which of the following is most common type of non-lethal fetal skeletal dysplasia

Heterozygous achondroplasia

Hypotelorism is most commonly seen with which of the following

Holoprosencephaly

If the femur length does not correlate with the head or abdomen circumference for gestational age, the____should be measured to evaluate the fetal skeleton

Humerus

Drooping or dangling choroid plexus is commonly seen with which of the following cranial abnormalities

Hydrocephalus

Which of the following is a lethal skeletal dysplasia

Hypophosphatasia

Which of the following teratogens is least likely to be associated with IUGR

Ibuprofen use

Which of the following is true regarding autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease

If it occurs in a fetus, at least one parent has ADPKD

All of the following sonographic findings are associated with ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome, except

Increased echogenicity of the ovaries

All of the following have been associated with DES exposure except

Increased risk of chromosomal abnormalities in pregnancy

A patient presents for a sonohysterogram with her prior ultrasound report from a pelvic ultrasound performed three months ago. Two polyps were suspected on the prior exam. While performing the preliminary ultrasound exam, you identify possible gestational sac that indicates a five week pregnancy. What should you do next

Inform the radiologist of your findings

What portion of the fallopian tube is described as trumpet shaped because it once before it opens up into the pelvic peritoneal cavity

Infundibulum

An ectopic pregnancy that forms the_____portion of the fallopian tube has the greatest risk for serious maternal complications

Interstitial

Which of the following locations of an ectopic pregnancy is most life-threatening to the patient

Interstitial

All of the following would be differential diagnosis for cystic formation in the posterior fossa, except

Intracranial hemorrhage

Which of the following scenarios would not result in the diagnosis of fetal hydrops

Isolated ascites

A patient presents for a transvaginal ultrasound with a history of acute pelvic pain and right salpingo-oophorectomy in 2012. Which of the following could be visualized on the exam as a cause for the symptoms

Left ovarian torsion

Which two muscles form the pelvic diaphragm

Levator Ani and coccygeus

Which of the following abnormalities is least likely to be evaluated with 3-D/4d techniques

Lissencephaly

When a malignant neoplasm and identified on the right ovary, what other structure should be evaluated for possible involvement

Liver, bladder and pelvic lymph nodes

Which of the following best describes the Doppler waveforms obtained from the uterine artery of a gravid uterus

Low resistance, average velocity

Amniocentesis screens for all the following except

MSAFP levels

You are evaluating the left ovary with color Doppler. As you manipulate the probe to improve the color display, the image appears to drag as you move the probe. There's a delay between when you move and the response of the image display how can you reduce this drag effect and improve color display

Make the color box smaller

When fluid is not present in the endometrial canal, how should you measure the endometrial thickness

Measure from the outer edge of the functionalis layer to the outer edge of the opposing functionalis layer

Which of the following correctly describes the measurement of the binocular distance

Measure the distance between the lateral orbital walls, inner wall to inner wall

A calcification within the liver is commonly associated with

Meconium peritonitis

Which of the following describes an encephalocele

Meninges and brain tissue herniation through a bony defect in the calvarium

If the physician ask you to measure the philtrum, what image what you use

Mid sagittal profile view

One yolk sack with two embryos indicates

Monoamniotic twins

Which of the following statements regarding twins is true

Most monozygous pregnancies are diamniotic

Pseudomyxoma pertonei is a complication of which type of ovarian tumor

Mucinous cystadenocarcinoma

What urinary anomaly is caused by urinary obstruction in the first trimester that leads to renal cyst formation and ureteral atresia

Multicystic kidney disease

In stage I endometrial cancer, the cancer has invaded the

Myometrium in the body of the uterus

If the gestational sack measures 30 x 30 x 40 mm, what is the estimated age of the pregnancy

Nine weeks plus or -14 days

Unilateral ureterocele formation is the least likely to cause which of the following

Non-visualization of the bladder

Which pelvic muscles form the lateral pelvic walls

Oburator internus

All of the following are sonographic finding seen with achondrogenesis, except

Oligohydramnios

Transvaginal sonography can detect embryological changes in the uterus about_____earlier than transabdominal techniques

One week

Which of the following Doppler a valuations of the ovary is the least likely to demonstrate a low resistance flow pattern

Ovarian torsion

Why is MMode preferred over PW Doppler as the method for fetal heart rate evaluation

PW Doppler uses a higher intensity pulse than and mmode so fetal exposure is greater with PW Doppler

Which of the following is most likely to cause polyhydramnios, fetal ascites and hepatomegaly

Parvovirus infection

All of the following would be considered to have an incompetent cervix, except

Patient with a cerclage in place

All of the following are true regarding color Doppler, except

Peak flow velocities can be evaluated

A_____can lead to the initial onset of ovulation and uterine enlargement in females_____years old

Pituitary tumor, less than eight years old


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