Oceanography chapters 5-8
Based on the Saffir-Simpson scale, minimal damage would be considered which category hurricane?
1
In which year did Christopher Columbus discover North America?
1492
What is the pH of lemon and lime juice?
2
What is the tilt of the Earth's axis?
23.5 degrees
A boundary or belt characterized by strong, steady winds, generally from the east occurs in which of the following regions?
5 to 30 degrees
The trade winds occur in which of the following regions?
5 to 30 degrees
What is the latitude for the trade winds?
5-30 degrees
In any given sample of ocean water worldwide, the chloride ion accounts for ________ of the total proportion of dissolved solids.
55.04%
A boundary or belt characterized by variable winds and stormy, cloudy weather year round occurs in which of the following regions?
60 degrees
The polar front occurs in which of the following regions
60 degrees
As much as ________ of salt enters the atmosphere each year as sea spray.
7.3 trillion pounds
Which of the following will cause the highest air pressure at the surface?
A column of cool, dense air
Which of the following will cause the lowest air pressure at the surface?
A column of warm, less dense air
The apparent deflection of air masses to the right or left (depending on latitude) as they move from one latitude to another is called the ________.
Coriolis effect
Examine the five words and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the one option that does not fit the pattern.
Distillation
Which of the following processes causes sea surface salinity to increase near the Tropics of Cancer and Capricorn?
Evaporation
Which circulation cells are between 30 and 60 degrees latitude?
Ferrell cells
A tropical cyclone with a wind speed of 260 km/hr. would be classified as Category ________ on the Saffir-Simpson Scale of hurricane intensity.
Five
Which of the following occurs at the same temperature as the melting point?
Freezing point
The polar easterly winds blow in which of the following directions in the Southern Hemisphere?
From southeast to northwest
The prevailing westerly winds blow in which of the following directions in the Northern Hemisphere?
From southwest to northeast
The ion in sea water that serves as a buffer is ________.
HCO3−
Which of the following surface seawater salinity conditions would you predict for the following location: Latitude: 25°S Longitude: 55°E Correct Answer
High surface seawater salinity due to evaporation
Wind farms are currently being built in which sea?
North Sea
Which of the following methods cannot be used to desalinate water?
Osmosis
Based on the characteristics, what is the name of the wind belt being described as cold, dry winds generally from the east?
Polar easterlies
Protons have which type of electrical charge?
Positive
Which of the following best describes the Distillation Method for desalination?
Saltwater is boiled and the water vapor is passed through a cooling condenser, where it condenses as freshwater.
Which of the following is responsible for 90% of the deaths associated with hurricanes?
Storm surge
Which of the following statements comparing covalent and hydrogen bonding is correct
Stronger covalent bonds occur within water molecules and weaker hydrogen bonds form between adjacent water molecules.
Which of the following climatic regions exists at the following location: Latitude: 60°S Longitude: 170°W?
Subpolar
The middle latitudes or midlatitudes are also known as which region?
Temperate
Which of the following climatic regions exists at the following location: Latitude: 40°S Longitude: 80°W?
Temperate
Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: Water is the ideal medium to have within our bodies BECAUSE it facilitates chemical reactions.
The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid
Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: In 1900, at least 6000 people in and around Galveston, Texas, were killed in the most deadly natural disaster in U.S. history BECAUSE the hurricane's storm surge completely submerged the island.
The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid.
Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: Most of the physical properties of pure water and seawater are very similar BECAUSE seawater is 96.5% water.
The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid.
Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: Water is able to dissolve nearly everything BECAUSE water molecules interact with other water molecules and other polar molecules.
The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid.
Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: Our planet's extreme climate is one of the main reasons life exists on Earth BECAUSE rapid environmental changes can often result in the death of many life forms.
The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct.
Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: The Hawaiian Islands are safe from tropical cyclones BECAUSE they are islands near the center of a large ocean.
The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct.
Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: The higher one goes in the atmosphere, the warmer it gets BECAUSE the higher one goes in the atmosphere the closer you are to the Sun
The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct.
Which of the following statements about the Coriolis effect is correct?
The magnitude of the Coriolis effect depends on how long the object is in motion.
In terms of temperature for high-latitude regions, which layer is absent?
Thermocline
Which of the following is a layer of rapidly changing temperature?
Thermocline
A tropical cyclone with a wind speed of 170 km/hr. would be classified as Category ________ on the Saffir-Simpson Scale of hurricane intensity.
Two
What are tropical cyclones called in the western North Pacific Ocean?
Typhoons
Which of the following parcels of air would have the lowest density?
Warm moist air
Which of the following best describes the Distillation Method for desalination?
Which of the following best describes the Distillation Method for desalination?
Which of the following surface seawater salinity conditions would you predict for the following location: Latitude: 30°S Longitude: 80°E
Which of the following surface seawater salinity conditions would you predict for the following location: Latitude: 30°S Longitude: 80°E
Which air mass is responsible for frigid winter temperatures in the U.S.?
cA
The salinity curve for high latitudes shows ________ salinity at the surface and ________ salinity at depth. Whereas, the salinity curve for low latitudes shows ________ salinity at the surface and ________ salinity at depth
decreased; increased; increased; decreased
Idealized pressure belts and wind systems are significantly modified by Earth's tilted axis of rotation and ________.
differences in the heat capacities of the ocean and land
Subatomic particles with a negative charge are called ________.
electrons
Water can pile up a short distance above a container's rim due to ________.
high surface tension
As ice melts, it reached a plateau where all energy added is used to break intermolecular bonds in ice, not increase its temperature, this is called ________.
latent heat of melting
Van der Waals forces are relatively weak interactions that exist between electrically ________ molecules because of the molecules' uneven distribution of charge.
neutral
The two most abundant components of dry air are ________.
nitrogen and oxygen
A person experiences a popping feeling in their ears during the takeoff or landing of an airplane or while driving on steep mountain roads due to changes in the ________ of the atmosphere.
pressure
Subatomic particles with a positive charge are called ________.
protons
The covalent bonds between hydrogen and oxygen atoms in a water molecule form as a result of the ________.
sharing of electrons between the atoms
The largest loss of life from a hurricane is usually due to ________.
storm surge
The Sun reaches its most northerly point in the sky, directly overhead along the Tropic of Cancer, during the ________.
summer solstice
A rapid change in ocean temperature with a change in depth occurs in the ________.
thermocline
The oceanic climate region(s) where the majority of strong tropical cyclonic storms are produced is ________.
tropical
The lowermost portion of the atmosphere where most weather occurs is called the ________.
troposphere
