Oceanography Module 3 Quiz

Waves from separate sea areas move away as swell and produce an interference pattern when they come together. If Sea A has wave heights of 2.5 meters and Sea B has wave heights of 3.5 meters, what would be the height of waves resulting from destructive interference?

1 meter

The Canary Current is an example of which of the following types of currents?

Eastern Boundary Current

Examine the five words and/or phrases and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the one option that does not fit the pattern.

Peru Current

Which type of breaker has a curling crest that moves over an air pocket?

Plunging breaker

Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: The temperatures across the Atlantic at different latitudes are much higher in Europe than in North America BECAUSE of the effects of heat transfer from the Gulf Stream.

The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid.

Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: Transform faults do not generally generate tsunami BECAUSE the side-to-side movement of these faults does not change the volume of the ocean basin.

The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid.

Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: Ocean currents have the potential to generate more power than wind farms BECAUSE ocean currents move much faster than the wind.

The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect.

Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: The main cause of rogue waves is theorized to be an extraordinary case of destructive wave interference BECAUSE rogue waves are the suspected cause of many of the approximately 1,000 sinkings that occur each year.

The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct.

Compared to western boundary currents, eastern boundary currents are ________.

broad and slow

When a meander from the Gulf Stream pinches off and isolates a body of water within the North Atlantic gyre, the body of water is called a ________.

cold core ring

Deep-water circulation brings dense, cold, oxygen-rich water from the surface to the deep ocean because of ________.

greater dissolution of oxygen in colder water than warmer water

Water waves are ________.

orbital waves

A tsunami is considered to be a ________.

shallow-water wave

The Ekman spiral is caused by ________.

the wind and the Coriolis effect

In the open ocean, 1 wave in ________ will be three times as high as the height of the wave average.

1175

What is the speed in meters per second of a deep water wave with a wavelength of 5 meters?

2.8 meters per second

In the open ocean, 1 wave in ________ will be over twice the height of the wave average.

23

Waves from separate sea areas move away as swell and produce an interference pattern when they come together. If Sea A has wave heights of 2 meters and Sea B has wave heights of 5 meters, what would be the height of waves resulting from constructive interference?

7 meters

Which of the following methods are used to measure ocean surface currents directly?

Accidental spills from container ships

Examine the five words and/or phrases and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the one option that does not fit the pattern.

Agulhas Current

Examine the five words and/or phrases and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the one option that does not fit the pattern.

California Current

Which of the following currents contributes to the South Western United States being arid?

California Current

Compared to an eastern boundary current in a gyre, which of the following statements is true for a western boundary current?

Deeper currents, increased current velocity, warmer water, and narrower current are all true of western boundary currents

Which of the following methods are used to measure ocean surface currents indirectly?

Doppler flow meters

The Benguela Current is an example of which of the following types of currents?

Eastern Boundary Current

The California Current is an example of which of the following types of currents?

Eastern Boundary Current

The Peru (Humboldt) Current is an example of which of the following types of currents?

Eastern Boundary Current

The West Australian Current is an example of which of the following types of currents?

Eastern Boundary Current

Coastal winds can cause upwelling or downwelling due to which of the following?

Ekman transport

The observation that ships and icebergs in the southern hemisphere float to the left of the wind direction is an example of which of the following?

Ekman transport

The North Equatorial Current is an example of which of the following types of currents?

Equatorial Current

Which type of current flow moves in a circular path around a subtropical convergence, reflecting Ekman transport, gravity, and the Coriolis effect?

Geostrophic circulation

Which of the following currents contributes to the South Eastern United States being humid?

Gulf Stream

Examine the five words and/or phrases and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the one option that does not fit the pattern.

Gulf of Alaska

Which of the following currents is responsible for Peru becoming the largest producer of fish, from the sea, in the world?

Humboldt Current

Examine the five words and/or phrases and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the one option that does not fit the pattern.

Kuroshio Current

Identify the mismatched pair from the choices below.

Labrador Current, Humboldt Current

________ waves also known as interface waves.

Orbital

The observation of a hill of water within all subtropical gyres is an example of which of the following?

Subtropical convergence

Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: India's Northeast Monsoon provides little precipitation BECAUSE it occurs during the winter.

The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid.

Converging surface waters are areas of ________ and ________ productivity.

downwelling; low

During winter months, monsoon winds over the Indian Ocean ________.

flow from land to sea and are dry

Deep-water currents move ________ volumes of water and are much ________ than surface currents.

larger; slower

Ocean surface currents transfer about ________ of the total amount of heat from the tropics to the poles.

one-third

Coastal upwelling along the coast of Chile is a result of winds from the ________ turning towards the ________ due to Ekman transport.

south; left

Examine the five words and/or phrases and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the one option that does not fit the pattern.

strong trade winds

The fetch refers to ________.

the distance over which the wind blows without interruption

The El Niño Southern Oscillation can best be described as ________.

the relationship between sea surface temperature and changing atmospheric pressure

In the southern hemisphere, the direction of Ekman transport is always ________.

to the left of the wind direction

Cold currents flowing ________ on the ________ sides of continents produce arid conditions.

toward the equator; western

Equatorial currents are driven by the ________.

trade winds

The depth below the surface where the circular orbits become so small that movement is negligible is called the ________.

wave base

The speed of a deep-water wave is proportional to ________.

wavelength

Wave speed of deep-water waves depends only on ________.

wavelength

The largest wind-generated waves tend to be associated with the ________.

westerlies

Conditions for the development of wave energy are most optimal along ________ shores in the ________ Hemisphere.

western; Southern

Surface ocean currents are driven primarily by ________ and modified by ________.

wind; the Coriolis effect and land

Western intensification causes ________.

All of the choices are the result of westward intensification.

Which of the following is a western boundary current?

Brazil Current

Which of the following caused the tsunami that killed 159 people in 1946?

Fault movement

Which of the following methods are used to measure ocean surface currents directly?

Radio-transmitting float bottles

Between summer and winter, which of the following currents reverses its flow direction?

Somali Current

Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: India's Southwest Monsoon provides abundant precipitation BECAUSE the air brought in from the Indian Ocean is warm and full of moisture.

The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid.

________ waves also known as side-to-side waves.

Transverse

Which of the following is true of surface water circulation near Antarctica?

Two circumpolar currents dominate it, one current that moves water to the east and one current that moves water to the west.

The Antarctic Circumpolar Current is also known as which of the following?

West Wind Drift

The Agulhas Current is an example of which of the following types of currents?

Western Boundary Current

The Brazil Current is an example of which of the following types of currents?

Western Boundary Current

The East Australian Current is an example of which of the following types of currents?

Western Boundary Current

The Gulf Stream is an example of which of the following types of currents?

Western Boundary Current

The Kuroshio (Japan) Current is an example of which of the following types of currents?

Western Boundary Current

Which subtropical boundary current is faster, narrower and deeper than its counterparts?

Western Boundary Current

The observation that one subtropical boundary current is faster, narrower, and deeper than its counterparts is an example of which of the following?

Western intensification

Diverging surface waters are areas of ________ and ________ productivity.

upwelling; high

The diameter of a wave orbital at the surface is equal to ________.

wave height

The vertical distance between a wave crest and a wave trough is called the ________.

wave height

The ratio of wave height to wavelength is called the ________.

wave steepness

The main current in Antarctic waters is the ________ Current

Antarctic Circumpolar

Which of the following is the only current that completely circumscribes Earth?

Antarctic Circumpolar

The arrangement of water masses in the southern Atlantic Ocean from the surface to the bottom is ________.

Antarctic Intermediate Water, North Atlantic Deep Water, Antarctic Bottom Water

Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: Areas of downwelling are associated with prolific marine life BECAUSE the necessary nutrients are continuously replenished.

Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.

Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: Measuring average flow rates of ocean surface currents is simple BECAUSE they flow in the same direction and at the same rate for long periods of time.

Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.

The South Equatorial Current is an example of which of the following types of currents?

Equatorial Current

The Sargasso Sea is the water that circulates around the rotation center of the ________ gyre.

North Atlantic

The North Atlantic Current is an example of which of the following types of currents?

Northern Boundary Current

The North Pacific Current is an example of which of the following types of currents?

Northern Boundary Current

Which of the following methods are used to measure ocean surface currents directly?

Propeller flow meters

Which of the following methods are used to measure ocean surface currents indirectly?

Radar altimeters

Which of the following Atlantic Subtropical gyre boundary currents is split into two by a large landmass?

South Equatorial Current

Which type of breaker is a turbulent mass of air and water that runs down the front slope of the wave as it breaks?

Spilling breaker

Which type of breaker results from a gently sloped ocean bottom, which gradually extracts energy from the wave over an extended distance and produces breakers with low overall energy?

Spilling breaker

Which of the following is not a source of deep water in the ocean?

Subtropical convergences

Which of the following statements is true of surface ocean currents?

Surface currents form circular patterns in the major ocean basins called "gyres."

Examine the five words and/or phrases and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the one option that does not fit the pattern.

Swell

Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: The Equatorial Countercurrent is much better developed in the Pacific Ocean than in the Atlantic BECAUSE the Pacific Ocean basin is larger and more unobstructed than the Atlantic Ocean.

The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid.

An increase in seawater density can be caused by a ________ in temperature or a/an ________ in salinity.

decrease; increase

Thermohaline circulation is driven by ________.

density differences

Deep ocean currents are driven primarily by ________ and caused by ________.

density differences; differences in salinity and temperature

About what percent of the wind's energy is transferred to the ocean surface?

two

Surface waters are pushed away from land and replaced by nutrient-rich deep water through ________.

upwelling