Oral Anatomy Muscles Head/Neck/Facial

Smiling takes only __ muscles while a frown uses __ to be exact.

17; 43

What is the insertion of the Trapezius muscle?

:lateral third of the clavicle and portions of the scapula

The actiond of this facial muscle are pulling corner of mouth posteriorly and pushing food onto occlusal table

Buccinator

This muscle of the mouth region forms the anterior portion of the cheeks and the lateral wall of the oral cavity. It pulls the angle of the mouth laterally and shortens the cheek both vertically and horizontally

Buccinator

Sometimes termed an accessory muscle of mastication More often considered a muscle of facial expression

Buccinators

This is the eye region that's action is that it produces vertical ridges above the bridge of the nose when frowning by drawing the eyebrows downwards and inwards?

Corrugator supercilii muscle

This happens when inferior head of lateral pterygoid and hyoid muscles contract

Depression

This muscle of the mouth region's action is lowering the lower lip

Depressor Labii inferioris

This muscle of the mouth region's action is frowning

Depressor angulis oris

This happens when masseter, medial pterygoid and temporalis contract

Elevation

What is the Scalp Region?

Epicranial Muscle

The tongue muscles are grouped by whether the are _______or__________.

Extrinsic; intrinsic

What is the insertion of the corrugator supercilli muscle?

Eyebrow

What is the origin of the frontal belly of the epicranial muscle?

Frontal belly: epicranial aponeurosis or galea aponeurosis (the area where the parietal and occipital bones meet)

What is the insertion of the frontal belly of the epicranial muscle?

Frontal belly: eyebrow and root of nose

what is the origion of the Corrugator supercilii muscle?

Frontal bone

Three pairs of extrinsic tongue muscles that have different origins outside the tongue and all insertions inside the tongue.

Genioglossus Styloglossus Hyoglossus

This head of the lateral pterygoid lateral excurses (passes through) and deviates to opposite side

Inferior head unilaterally

This head of the lateral pterygoid protrudes and depress the mandible

Inferior heads bilaterally

These are the__________muscles: Sternothyroid Sternohyoid Omohyoid Thyrohyoid

Infrahyoid

What innervates these three pharnx muscles: Stylopharyngeus Pharyngeal constrictor Soft palate muscles (discussed earlier)

Innervation: all three muscles are innervated by the pharyngeal plexus

What is the innervation of the muscles of the soft palate?

Innervation: mandibular division of the fifth cranial or trigeninal nerve

What is the innervation of the extrinsic tongue muscles?

Innervation: twelfth cranial or hypoglossal nerve

This is the other end of the muscle and is attached to the more movable structure.

Insertion

What is the insertion of the orbicularis oculi?

Insertion: lateral region of eye, some encircle eye

This is when one lateral pterygoid contracts, mandible deviates to opposite side

Lateral excursion

This muscle has two heads superior and inferior with different actions?

Lateral pterygoid

This muscle of the mouth region's action is smiling in combination with the zygomaticus major

Levator Anguli oris

This muscle of the mouth region's action is to raise the upper lip

Levator labii superioris

This muscle of the mouth region's action is to raise the upper lip and dilating the nostrils in a sneer

Levator labii superioris alaeque nasi

This muscle has two heads superficial and deep and its action is to elevate (close) the mandible

Masseter

Which Four Pair of Muscles Move the Mandible

Masseters, Medial Pterygoids, Lateral Pterygoids Temporalis Muscles

This muscle has two heads superior and inferior and its action along with this muscle_______ , forms sling around mandible and works with it to elevate.

Medial pterygoid; masseter

This muscle of the mouth region's action is raising chin and protruding lower lip

Mentalis

Paired muscles that originate from the surface of the skull bone (rarely fascia) and Insert on the dermis of the skin tissue.

Muscles of Facial Expression

The pharynx is part of both the respiratory and digestive tract and is connected to both the nasal and oral cavities. What are the three portions?

Nasopharynx Oropharynx Laryngopharynx

What is the insertion of the occipital belly of the epicranial muscle?

Occipital belly: epicranial aponeurosis

What is the origion of the occipital belly of the epicranial muscle?

Occipital belly: occipital and temporal bone

This is the eye region that's action is closing eyelid

Orbicularis Oculi

This the mouth region that's action has four distinctive movements: Pressing together -closing the lips Tightening and thinning -pursing the lips Rolling inward between the teeth - grimacing Thrusting outward- pouting and kissing

Orbicularis Oris

This is the end of the muscle that is attached to the least movable structure

Origin

What are the origins and insertion for the superior and inferior heads of the medial pterygoid muscles?

Origin — superior head: maxillary tuberosity Origin — inferior head: medial side of lateral pterygoid plate and pterygoid fossa Insertion — both heads: angle of mandible on medial side

what is the origin and insertion of the temporalis muscle?

Origin — temporal fossa and fascia Insertion — coronoid process of mandible and anterior border of ramus

What are the origin and insertions of the orbicularis oris?

Origin: Encircles mouth Insertion: Angle of mouth

What is the origin and insertion of the risorius muscle?

Origin: Fascia superficial to masseter muscle Insertion: Angle of mouth

What is the origin and insertion of the mentalis?

Origin: Mandible Insertion: Chin

What is the origin and insertion of the depressor labii inferioris?

Origin: Mandible Insertion: Lower lip

What is the origin and insertion of the depressor anguli oris?

Origin: Mandible Insertion: angle of mouth

What is the origin and insertion of the levator labii superioris alaeque nasi?

Origin: Maxilla Insertion: Ala of nose and upper lip

What is the origin and insertion of the Levator labii superioris?

Origin: Maxilla Insertion: Upper lip

What is the origin and insertion of the levator anguli oris?

Origin: Maxilla Insertion: angle of mouth

What is the origin of the orbicularis oculi?

Origin: Orbital rim, frontal and maxillary bones

What is the origin and insertion of the zygomaticus major?

Origin: Zygomatic Bone Insertion: angle of mouth

What is the origin and insertion of the buccinators muscle?

Origin: maxilla, mandible, and pterygomandibular raphe Insertion: angle of the mouth

What is the origin and insertion of the zygomaticus minor?

Origin: zygomatic bone Insertion: upper lip

What is the origin and insertion for the buccinators muscle?

Origins Buccal alveolar bone of maxillary AND mandibular molars Pterygomandibular raphe — fibrous band extending from pterygoid hamulus to posterior part of mylohyoid line Insertion — orbicularis oris muscle

This is part of the soft palate but anatomist include it in the extrinsic tongue area

Palatoglossus

The action of these soft palate muscles are to create a separation between the nasopharynx and oral cavity when swallowing to prevent food from entering the nasal cavity

Palatoglossus Palatopharyngeus Levator veli palatini Tensor veli palatini Muscles of the uvula

The actions of this muscle are speaking, swallowing and middle ear fuction

Pharynx

Which four muscles of the mouth raise the skin of the neck in grimacing? What is their origin and insertion?

Platysma, Labialis, Mandibularis, Modiolaris Origin: Clavicle and shoulder Insertion: mandible and muscles of mouth

This is the biting stroke; lateral pterygoids depress and protrude mandible, then ease it back while masseters and temporalis muscles elevate it

Power stroke

This is the bilateral contraction of lateral pterygoids

Protrusion

This is when posterior fibers of temporalis contract; temporalis fibers helped by digastric muscles

Retrusion

This muscle of the mouth region's action is to Stretching lip to produce more of a grimace

Risorius Muscle

The ______ divides the neck region into anterior and posterior cervical triangles Easily palpated on each side of the neck. Action: movement of head and neck bend and rotation.

SCM (Sternocleidomastoid)

What are the three regions of the facial muscles?

Scalp,Eye,Mouth

How many muscles of the pharynx are there?

Seven

Muscles of the Head and Neck Divided by function _________ main groups

Seven

Two cervical muscles for us to consider that are both superficial and palpated on the neck.

Sternocleidomastoid; Trapezius muscles

What muscles along with the soft palate are part of the pharynx?

Stylopharyngeus; pharyngeal constrictor

What are the origins and insertion for the superficial and deep heads of the masseter muscles?

Superficial head Origin: inferior border of anterior 2/3 of zygomatic arch Deep Head Origin: inferior border of posterior 1/3 of zygomatic arch and entire medial surface of zygomatic arch Both heads - insert into ramus and angle of mandible

This head of the lateral pterygoid is the power stroke; guides condyle back to centric relation after opening

Superior heads bilaterally

Anatomists consider the intrinsic tongue muscles to be inseparable, so they are not usually treated as separate muscles and are named by their orientation. Four sets of intrinsic tongue muscles:

Superior longitudinal Transverse Vertical Inferior longitudinal

These are the __________muscles: Digastric Mylohyoid Stylohyoid Geniohyoid

Suprahyoid

The action of this facial muscle is to elevate and retrude the mandible. Anterior fibers elevate and Posterior fibers elevate and retrudes.

Temporalis

What muscle covers the lateral and posterior surfaces of the neck; Broad and flat triangular shaped? Action: lift the clavicle and portions of the scapula ( shoulders shrugged)

Trapezius

This muscle of the mouth region's action is smiling

Zygomaticus Major

This muscle of the mouth region's action is to raise the upper lip, and assist in smiling

Zygomaticus Minor

All chewing muscles are developed from the first ______ are innervated by this nerve

branchial arch; Cranial Nerve V (trigeminal)

Origin of the Sternocleidomastoid muscle is the medial portion of the_____ and the ____ superior and lateral surfaces

clavicle; sternum's

What is the Innervation of the Sternocleidomastoid muscle?

eleventh cranial XI (accessory nerve)

What is the innervation of the Trapezius muscle?

eleventh cranial XI (accessory nerve)and the third an fourth cervical nerves

What is the origin of the Trapezius muscle?

external surface of the occipital bone

The ____________ of the epicranial muscle raises the eyebrows and the skin over the root of the nose, used in movements such as glancing upwards and expressions of surprise and fright. Acting from below also draw the scalp forwards to produce wrinkles on the forehead.

frontal bellies

Masseter attaches to __________surface Medial pterygoid attaches to__________surface

lateral; medial

Insertion of the Sternocleidomastoid muscle posteriorly and superiorly to insert on the ___________________of the temporal bone

mastoid process

All chewing muscles receive their blood supply from the ______________ which is a branch of external carotid artery

maxillary artery

The muscles of the tongue consist of two symmetrival halfs divided from each other by the_____________( a deep fibrous structure in the midline of the tongue) Depression it forms is called:

median septum ;median lingual sulcus

What is the innervation of the facial muscles?

seventh cranial nerve or facial nerve on both sides