organizational behavior chapter 1 test bank

The discretionary behavior that is not part of an employee's formal job requirements, and that contributes to the psychological and social environment of the workplace, is called ________ behavior

citizenship

According to Mintzberg's classification of managerial roles, a(n) ________ searches the organization and its environment for opportunities and initiates projects to bring about change

entrepreneur

) ________ refers to basing managerial decisions on the best available scientific proof.

evidence-based management

Managers who oversee the movement of jobs to countries with low-cost labor are most likely to ________

face opposition from labor groups

According to Henry Mintzberg, a factory supervisor giving a group of high school students a tour of the plant may be termed as a ________.

figurehead

Which of the following is an example of a position in a service job

flight attendant

Which of the following is a cause of work-life conflicts

global organizations

The ability to understand, communicate with, motivate, and support other people, both individually and in groups, may be defined as ________

human skills

Which of the following determinants of behavior does organizational behavior study?

individuals

With reference to a basic OB model, ________ are determined in advance of the employment relationship and refer to variables like personality, group structure, and organizational culture that lead to processes.

inputs

) ________ refers to a gut feeling not necessarily supported by research

intuition

Which of the following is true of systematic study?

it involves analyzing relationships based on scientific data

Which of the following best defines organizational behavior

it involves the study of what people do in a company and how it affects the company's output

Which of the following is a result of globalization

jobs moving to nations with low-cost labor

Josh Wallace, a sales executive, has recently been promoted to the position of sales manager at Synergy Corporation Bank. He has in the past gained a strong track record of making the highest number of sales in his branch. During his first few months as a manager, he regularly appreciated and acknowledged the team's efforts because he knew that it was the driving force behind high performance. However, the company has recently expressed its dissatisfaction with Josh's team as it has consistently failed to meet the sales targets of the branch. Which of the following, if true, would best explain this situation?

the team was motivated by extrinsic factors instead of intrinsic factors

Which of the following fields of study is most likely to involve studying organizational culture, formal organization theory and structure

sociology

The role of a(n) ________, according to Mintzberg's classification of managerial roles, is to transmit information to outsiders about an organization's plans, policies, actions, and results and one which serves as an expert in the organization's industry

spokesperson

) One of the key challenges for managers in today's organizations is to ________.

stimulate tolerance for change

An example of an input at an organizational level is ________.

structure

Analyzing relationships, determining causes and effects, and basing conclusions on scientific evidence, all constitute aspects of ________ study

systematic

In order to predict human behavior, it is best to supplement intuitive opinions with information derived from ________.

systematic study

According to Mintzberg's classification of managerial roles, the role of a(n) ________ is to transmit information received from outsiders or from other employees to members of the organization

disseminator

The role of a ________ is a type of informational role according to Mintzberg's classification of managerial roles

disseminator

________ is a key independent variable in positive organizational behavior research

engagement

The concept of "reflected best-self" involves ________.

asking employees to think about when they were at their personal best in order to exploit their strengths

Which of the following is an example of an outcome at an individual level?

attitude

Which of the following is an example of a process at the organizational level

change of practices

According to Fred Luthans and his associates, managers which are involved in networking activities are most likely to undertake which of the following

politicking

Which of the following is true of positive organizational scholarship

) It studies how organizations develop human strengths, foster vitality, and unlock potential

) During globalization, managers find it increasingly easy to balance the interests of their organization with their responsibilities to the communities in which they operate

FALSE, : During globalization, managers face the difficult task of balancing the interests of their organization with their responsibilities to the communities in which they operate

Human beings are simple in nature and thus, simple, universal principles explain all kinds of organizational behavior

FALSE, Human beings are complex, and few, if any, simple and universal principles explain organizational behavior. Since human beings are not alike, the ability to make simple, accurate, and sweeping generalizations is limited

Organizational behavior cannot offer reasonably accurate explanations of human behavior or make valid predictions

FALSE, Human beings are complex, and few, if any, simple and universal principles explain organizational behavior. Since human beings are not alike, the ability to make simple, accurate, and sweeping generalizations is limited. However, it does not mean that one cannot offer reasonably accurate explanations of human behavior or make valid predictions

In the current competitive workplace, technical skills are the only skills that managers require to be successful

FALSE, In today's competitive and demanding workplace, managers cannot succeed on their technical skills alone. They also need to have good people skills

Psychology contributes to the study of organizational behavior at the macro level whereas anthropology contributes at the micro level

FALSE, Organizational behavior is an applied behavioral science built on contributions from a number of behavioral disciplines, mainly psychology and social psychology, sociology, and anthropology. Psychology's contributions have been mainly at the individual or micro level of analysis, while the other disciplines have contributed to our understanding of macro concepts such as group processes and organization

A degree in architecture will provide a student with human skills required for a job

FALSE, Technical skills encompass the ability to apply specialized knowledge or expertise. The ability to understand, communicate with, motivate, and support other people, both individually and in groups, defines human skills

The discretionary behavior that is not part of an employee's formal job requirements, and that contributes to the psychological and social environment of the workplace, is called cohesive behavior

FALSE, The discretionary behavior that is not part of an employee's formal job requirements, and that contributes to the psychological and social environment of the workplace, is called citizenship behavior

While sociology focuses on the individual, psychology studies people in relation to their social environment or culture

FALSE, While psychology focuses on the individual, sociology studies people in relation to their social environment or culture

Workforce diversity refers to how organizations are becoming more homogeneous in terms of gender, race, and ethnicity

FALSE, Workforce diversity acknowledges a workforce of women and men; many racial and ethnic groups; individuals with a variety of physical or psychological abilities; and people who differ in age and sexual orientation

Entomology is the study of societies to learn about human beings and their activities

FALSE, anthropology

) 360.org, an organization working toward curbing climate change, recently conducted an interview with Jessica for the position of a public relations officer. However, the interviewers Brenda and Laura are divided over whether Jessica should be given the job. Brenda believes that Jessica does not have in-depth knowledge about the issue of global warming and its impact. On the other hand, Laura feels that Jessica would be perfect for the job because she has strong networking and interpersonal skills. Which of the following, if true, would strengthen Laura's argument?

Gaining the support of corporate giants would comprise a large part of the job

360.org, an organization working toward curbing climate change, recently conducted an interview with Jessica for the position of a public relations officer. However, the interviewers Brenda and Laura are divided over whether Jessica should be given the job. Brenda believes that Jessica does not have in-depth knowledge about the issue of global warming and its impact. On the other hand, Laura feels that Jessica would be perfect for the job because she has strong interpersonal skills. Which of the following, if true, would weaken Laura's argument?

Jessica was unable to communicate clearly why she was right for the job

Melissa Woods was recently hired as the campaign manager at an environmental organization. She has a degree in environmental sustainability and possesses substantial knowledge about the issue of global warming. She has the knowledge to lead the public relations team of the organization. However, a few months later, the board of directors of the organization expressed dissatisfaction with Melissa's performance and asked her to resign. Which of the following, if true, best explains this situation?

Melissa had weak interpersonal and networking skills to run the project

Which of the following is true of models

Models show that outcomes can influence inputs in the future

Which of the following is a difference between sociology and psychology

Sociology studies people in relation to their social culture whereas psychology focuses on the individual

An organization is a consciously coordinated social unit composed of two or more people. Answer

TRUE, An organization is a consciously coordinated social unit, composed of two or more people, that functions on a relatively continuous basis to achieve a common goal or set of goals.

Evidence-based management complements systematic study by basing managerial decisions on the best available scientific evidence

TRUE, Evidence-based management complements systematic study by basing managerial decisions on the best available scientific evidence. Systematic study and EBM add to intuition, or those gut feelings which help understand people better

Group functioning refers to the quantity and quality of a group's work output

TRUE, Group functioning refers to the quantity and quality of a group's work output. In the same way that the performance of a sports team is more than the sum of individual players' performances, group functioning in work organizations is more than the sum of individual task performances

A way for managers to respond to the problem of unethical behavior is to provide in-house advisors who can be contacted anonymously

TRUE, Managers and their organizations are responding to the problem of unethical behavior in a number of ways. They are writing and distributing codes of ethics to guide employees through ethical dilemmas. They are offering seminars, workshops, and other training programs to try to improve ethical behaviors. They are also providing in-house advisors who can be contacted, in many cases anonymously, for assistance in dealing with ethical issues

Organizational behavior applies the knowledge gained about individuals, groups, and the effect of structure on behavior in order to make organizations work more effectively.

TRUE, Organizational behavior is a field of study that investigates the impact that individuals, groups, and structure have on behavior within organizations, for the purpose of applying such knowledge toward improving an organization's effectiveness

One major study area of social psychology is change, how to implement it, and how to reduce barriers to its acceptance

TRUE, Social psychology, generally considered a branch of psychology, blends concepts from both psychology and sociology to focus on peoples' influence on one another. One major study area of social psychology is change, how to implement it, and how to reduce barriers to its acceptance

The planning function involves defining an organization's goals and establishing an overall strategy for achieving those goals.

TRUE, The planning function encompasses defining an organization's goals, establishing an overall strategy for achieving those goals, and developing a comprehensive set of plans to integrate and coordinate activities

Organizations which continually improve the quality of their products and maintain their flexibility tend to be more successful than others in the market

TRUE, Today's successful organizations must foster innovation and master the art of change, or they will become candidates for extinction. Organizations tend to succeed if they maintain their flexibility, continually improve their quality, and beat their competition to the marketplace with a constant stream of innovative products and services.

The job of a guest relations executive at a hotel is a kind of service job

TRUE, Today, the majority of employees in developed countries work in service jobs, including 80 percent in the United States. Service jobs include technical support representatives, fast-food counter workers, sales clerks, waiters and waitresses, and nurses among others

Psychology seeks to measure, explain, and sometimes change the behavior of humans and other animals

TRUE,Psychology seeks to measure, explain, and sometimes change the behavior of humans and other animals.

Gould Furniture is one of the leading furniture companies in Indonesia. In the past, the company had a homogeneous workforce of Indonesian employees. The company is desperate to cut operating and manufacturing costs and hence is considering outsourcing part of the manufacturing process to low-cost Taiwan. However, local community leaders across the country are opposing this decision strongly. They believe that exporting jobs to other countries is detrimental to their country in every way possible. Which of the following, if true, is the flaw in the local community leaders' opinion?

The furniture market contributes to 20 percent of deforestation in the country

Which of the following is true of contingency variables

They refer to situational factors that moderate the relationship between two or more variables

Myriam is analyzing the gender roles of men and women in management in the United States and comparing them to the gender roles in management in Japan. She is surveying fifty male and fifty female managers in each country to compare their daily behavior. Myriam's study exemplifies how ________ contributes to OB

anthropology

________ is the study of societies to learn about human beings and their activities

anthropology

Group ________ is the extent to which members of a group support and validate one another at work

cohesion

An example of a process at a group level is ________.

communication

Joann Hayes is currently working on a project to tackle climate change. During the project, she needs to find different options to replace the use of non-renewable energy and check the feasibility of different renewable energy options before choosing the most practical one. Which of the following skills does Hayes primarily need to use for these tasks?

conceptual skills

Raymond Mayer is conducting a study on discrimination against campaign activists based on gender. In his study, he noted that male executives who visited Indonesian villages to promote the use of renewable energy received a highly positive response. In contrast, women who visited the same villages, received an antagonistic response from them. However, Mayer stated that his findings only applied to villages. In this study, the presence of a village is considered a ________ variable

contingency

________ variables are variables that moderate the relationship between two or more variables

contingency

Which of the following should employees undertake to deal with "temporariness" in the modern work climate

continually update their knowledge and skills to perform new job requirements

) Lesley Torres is a project manager for the campaign "Action against Deforestation in Indonesia". She recently faced a glitch when the campaign could not be launched publicly according to schedule. Torres monitored the schedule to find the cause of the delay, before speeding up the implementation process by allocating more members for the implementation phase. By doing this, which of the following functions is she performing?

controlling

According to Fred Luthans and his associates, managers involved in traditional management activities undertook which of the following tasks?

decision making

Which of the following is an example of a process at an individual level?

decision making

Which of the following functions do managers undertake as part of planning functions?

defining an organizations goals

Ellen Ortiz works as a sales manager at a telecom firm. The company has recently launched a new product in the market. Her work in the next few weeks involves sharing knowledge about the product with her team members. She will also need to inspire them to reach their sales targets, and clarify any doubts about the new product. Which of the following roles is Ortiz playing?

leader

Johanna Reid, a campaign manager at a child rights organization, recently started working on an illiteracy project. During the project, she needs to motivate team members to attain their project milestones and direct them through different phases of the project. Which of the following kinds of functions will these tasks be covered under?

leading

According to Mintzberg's classification of managerial roles, which of the following is a kind of interpersonal role?

liaison

Regina George works as a campaign manager in a not-for-profit organization in Hampshire. For the upcoming campaign against genetic engineering, she is networking with managers who are working on the issue of food safety. Through her network of contacts, she strives to gain information about the stakeholders in the food industry and other lobby groups. Which of the following roles is George most likely to be playing according to Mintzberg's classification of managerial roles?

liason,

________ are defined as people who oversee the activities of others and who are responsible for attaining goals in organizations

managers

Which of the following is the major challenge for managers in a fully networked organization?

managing people who work together but are geographically separated

A(n) ________ is an abstraction of reality, a simplified representation of some real-world phenomenon

model

Annette Simpson works for a fashion house in Paris and is preparing for the company's upcoming line of winter clothing. She is currently researching online to know what is in vogue this season. In addition, she is also networking with contacts from the press and fashion magazine editors to understand the changing tastes of consumers. Which of the following roles is Simpson playing according to Mintzberg's classification of managerial roles?

monitor

) A common characteristic of service jobs is that they ________.

need substantial interaction with an organization's customers

According to Mintzberg's classification of managerial roles, which of the following is a kind of decisional role

negotiator

Christopher Richardson works as a graphic designer in Sydney. He often coordinates with colleagues working in Germany. In addition, he interacts with clients across the globe. Which of the following is most likely to facilitate his communications with clients and colleagues

networked organizations

Which of the following terms best describes organizations that allow people to communicate and work together even though they may be thousands of miles apart

networked organizations

According to Fred Luthans and his associates' study of 450 managers, ________ made the largest contribution to the success of managers in terms of speed of promotion within their organization

networking

Sally Mitchell works as a manager at an environmental organization. She is currently working on a global warming project and decides what tasks related to creating awareness about the issue need to be done. In addition, she is also deciding which members of her team will work on engaging with the public and which will work on lobbying with the government. She is also assigning people as team members to ensure that tasks are undertaken on time. Which of the following categories of functions is Mitchell undertaking?

organizing

Which of the following is one of the three variables proposed by a basic OB model which refers to actions that individuals, groups, and organizations engage in as a result of inputs?

processes

________ is an example of an outcome at the organizational level

productivity

Austin Reed is a graduate student helping to organize a study on individual job satisfaction. The study focuses on the top five causes of satisfaction or dissatisfaction on the job. His department is surveying 200 individuals in 100 different types of organizations. Austin is most likely a graduate student in the department of ________.

psychology

You are bringing together faculty from different behavioral disciplines to author a new textbook in organizational behavior. Represented are professors from psychology, sociology, social psychology, anthropology, political science, and industrial engineering.Which faculty member is most likely to furnish information about personality, learning, and motivation

psychology

________ seeks to measure, explain, and sometimes change the behavior of humans and other animals.

psychology

According to Mintzberg's classification of managerial roles, the role of a(n) ________ is to make or approve significant organizational decisions and assign human, physical, and monetary assets

resource allocator

Which of the following does systematic study use to look at relationships to attribute causes and effects

scientific data

Eighty percent of the employees in the United States work today in ________ jobs

service

Which of the following is an example of an ethical dilemma

should i play politics to advance my career?

Which of the following disciplines blends concepts from both psychology and sociology to focus on people's influence on one another

social psychology

Which of the following is true of technical skills

they encompass the ability to apply specialized knowledge

Which of the following is an example of an input at an individual level

values

________ refers to the heterogeneity of organizations in terms of gender, age, race, ethnicity, sexual orientation, and inclusion of other diverse groups

workforce diversity