Organizational Behavior Chapter 5
Which of the following terms refers to the belief that performance is related to rewards?
Instrumentality
______ theories of motivation say that we are driven by internal needs
Internal
Which of the following statements accurately describes family motivation?
It provides energy, even when one's intrinsic motivation is low
All of the following statements accurately describe ERG theory
It was proposed by Clayton Alderfer, it recategorizes: external, regressive and growth, it offers a regression hypothesis
Larry embezzled money
Larry was using personalized power, which is a disruptive force in organizational behavior
Loehr's full engagement idea asserts that people must
Manage energy rather than time
David McCelland's Theory involves three _____ needs
Manifest
Which. need theory of motivation focuses only on higher order needs and ignores the lower-order needs?
McClelland's need theory
Samantha is concerned because Ted has not set high goals, and he failed to meet the goals he set. Samantha is worried that Ted's ____ is low
Motivation
Describe motivation factors in Herzberg's two theory factor
Motivation factors lead to positive mental health, motivation factors are the more important of the two sets of factors, job enrichment creates job satisfaction
Looking at what people want from work is a ______ theory because it doesn't focus as much on the reward offered as it does on people's desires for a reward
Need
Aaron knows he works much harder than Byron, has a more advanced university degree, but makes about 1/3 less money. According to Adam's theory, Aaron is perceiving a situation of
Negative inequality
Which of the following statements best represents a Theory Y assumption?
People resist organizational needs because of prior experiences
To understand altruistic, fair, and equitable behavior we must understand an individual's
moral maturity
Taylor's ______ theory of motivation says that it is more important to increase the overall profits of an organization than it is to focus on the division of those profits between management and labor
scientific management
Drew is committed to his work because of the excellent retirement plan. Which need in Maslow's hierarchy is fulfilled in this example?
safety and security
Cultural researchers have found that expectancy theory does not hold up well in cultures that are
Collectivist
Genevieve is overjoyed to have been chosen to work on her company's most prestigious and challenging project. She asks her supervisor to set up weekly progress meetings, so she can receive timely feedback and to permit her to work from home two days per week, so she can avoid distractions. According to McClelland's Need Theory, Genevieve has a high need for
Achievement
_______ proposed a theory suggesting that self-interest is the root cause of motivation
Adam Smith
Most motivation theories in use today have been developed by and about
Americans
Claire and Raj work similar jobs for the same company. Since Raj has more experience than Claire, he earns a higher salary. Claire reacts to this realization by putting in less effort. She now believes she makes more money per hour of "real" work than Raj, which makes her happy. Claire would be considered
An entitled
Which of the following is an individual contribution, according to Etzioni's exchange relationship?
Developmental potential
Organizations with high levels of ________ will have strong financial performance, even in an uncertain economy
Employee engagement
Which of the following terms refers to healthy, normal stress
Eustress
Adam Smith's idea of self interest focuses on which aspect of motivation?
External incentives
Expectancy theory assumes that
High effort correlates to strong performance, which results in a coveted reward
Which motivation al theory classification emphasizes the nature of the interaction between the individual and the environment?
Process theories
Sigmond Freud developed the theory of _________ which sways that people are motivated by their unconscious thoughts
Psychoanalysis
In America, self-actualization is the pinnacle need on Maslow's hierarchy. When studying cultures with a high need to avoid uncertainty, researchers found workers' pinnacle need to be
Safety and security
Which of the following did researchers classify both as a motivational factor and a hygiene factor?
Salary
In a country that has a high uncertainty avoidance, what is at the top of Maslow's needs?
Security
Which of the following is a hygiene factor according to Herzberg's two factor theory of motivation>
Supervision
People in which country have the highest need for achievement?
The United States
According to Maslow what level of. needs motivate behavior?
The lowest Lebel of ungratified needs
Which of the following ideas would Sigmund Freud agree?
The unconscious mind influences human motivation
Mary Anne believes that her employees are naturally lazy and that they must be constantly motivated to work by outside forces.
Theory X
Akna supervises 12 coders in her programming agency. She believes that her coders are bright, motivated, and capable, and she sees her job as helping the coders to see their capabilities for themselves.
Theory Y
Motivation Factors
achievement, recognition, work itself, responsibility, advancement, growth
Hygiene factors
company policies, supervision, working conditions, salary, safety, and security on the job
Need affiliation
desire to form close personal relationships, avoid conflict, and establish warm friendships
Need Achievement Theory
interactional view that considers both personal and situational factors as important predictors of behavior - focus on performing well
What does eustress allow people to do
invest in their strengths, draw on positive emotions, spend more time worrying
Jim Loehr's idea of full engagement
people will benefit the most from thinking about how they use their energy, rather than thinking about how they use other resources.
One type of internal motivation theory, ______, says that hard work is linked to salvation
protestant work ethic
The ______ theory of motivation sways that people are motivated by both their needs and available external incentives
psychological ownership
Need power
the need to make others behave in a way that they would not have behaved otherwise