Organizational Behavior Chapter 5

Which of the following terms refers to the belief that performance is related to rewards?

Instrumentality

______ theories of motivation say that we are driven by internal needs

Internal

Which of the following statements accurately describes family motivation?

It provides energy, even when one's intrinsic motivation is low

All of the following statements accurately describe ERG theory

It was proposed by Clayton Alderfer, it recategorizes: external, regressive and growth, it offers a regression hypothesis

Larry embezzled money

Larry was using personalized power, which is a disruptive force in organizational behavior

Loehr's full engagement idea asserts that people must

Manage energy rather than time

David McCelland's Theory involves three _____ needs

Manifest

Which. need theory of motivation focuses only on higher order needs and ignores the lower-order needs?

McClelland's need theory

Samantha is concerned because Ted has not set high goals, and he failed to meet the goals he set. Samantha is worried that Ted's ____ is low

Motivation

Describe motivation factors in Herzberg's two theory factor

Motivation factors lead to positive mental health, motivation factors are the more important of the two sets of factors, job enrichment creates job satisfaction

Looking at what people want from work is a ______ theory because it doesn't focus as much on the reward offered as it does on people's desires for a reward

Need

Aaron knows he works much harder than Byron, has a more advanced university degree, but makes about 1/3 less money. According to Adam's theory, Aaron is perceiving a situation of

Negative inequality

Which of the following statements best represents a Theory Y assumption?

People resist organizational needs because of prior experiences

To understand altruistic, fair, and equitable behavior we must understand an individual's

moral maturity

Taylor's ______ theory of motivation says that it is more important to increase the overall profits of an organization than it is to focus on the division of those profits between management and labor

scientific management

Drew is committed to his work because of the excellent retirement plan. Which need in Maslow's hierarchy is fulfilled in this example?

safety and security

Cultural researchers have found that expectancy theory does not hold up well in cultures that are

Collectivist

Genevieve is overjoyed to have been chosen to work on her company's most prestigious and challenging project. She asks her supervisor to set up weekly progress meetings, so she can receive timely feedback and to permit her to work from home two days per week, so she can avoid distractions. According to McClelland's Need Theory, Genevieve has a high need for

Achievement

_______ proposed a theory suggesting that self-interest is the root cause of motivation

Adam Smith

Most motivation theories in use today have been developed by and about

Americans

Claire and Raj work similar jobs for the same company. Since Raj has more experience than Claire, he earns a higher salary. Claire reacts to this realization by putting in less effort. She now believes she makes more money per hour of "real" work than Raj, which makes her happy. Claire would be considered

An entitled

Which of the following is an individual contribution, according to Etzioni's exchange relationship?

Developmental potential

Organizations with high levels of ________ will have strong financial performance, even in an uncertain economy

Employee engagement

Which of the following terms refers to healthy, normal stress

Eustress

Adam Smith's idea of self interest focuses on which aspect of motivation?

External incentives

Expectancy theory assumes that

High effort correlates to strong performance, which results in a coveted reward

Which motivation al theory classification emphasizes the nature of the interaction between the individual and the environment?

Process theories

Sigmond Freud developed the theory of _________ which sways that people are motivated by their unconscious thoughts

Psychoanalysis

In America, self-actualization is the pinnacle need on Maslow's hierarchy. When studying cultures with a high need to avoid uncertainty, researchers found workers' pinnacle need to be

Safety and security

Which of the following did researchers classify both as a motivational factor and a hygiene factor?

Salary

In a country that has a high uncertainty avoidance, what is at the top of Maslow's needs?

Security

Which of the following is a hygiene factor according to Herzberg's two factor theory of motivation>

Supervision

People in which country have the highest need for achievement?

The United States

According to Maslow what level of. needs motivate behavior?

The lowest Lebel of ungratified needs

Which of the following ideas would Sigmund Freud agree?

The unconscious mind influences human motivation

Mary Anne believes that her employees are naturally lazy and that they must be constantly motivated to work by outside forces.

Theory X

Akna supervises 12 coders in her programming agency. She believes that her coders are bright, motivated, and capable, and she sees her job as helping the coders to see their capabilities for themselves.

Theory Y

Motivation Factors

achievement, recognition, work itself, responsibility, advancement, growth

Hygiene factors

company policies, supervision, working conditions, salary, safety, and security on the job

Need affiliation

desire to form close personal relationships, avoid conflict, and establish warm friendships

Need Achievement Theory

interactional view that considers both personal and situational factors as important predictors of behavior - focus on performing well

What does eustress allow people to do

invest in their strengths, draw on positive emotions, spend more time worrying

Jim Loehr's idea of full engagement

people will benefit the most from thinking about how they use their energy, rather than thinking about how they use other resources.

One type of internal motivation theory, ______, says that hard work is linked to salvation

protestant work ethic

The ______ theory of motivation sways that people are motivated by both their needs and available external incentives

psychological ownership

Need power

the need to make others behave in a way that they would not have behaved otherwise