OWN Multiple Choice
Action Plan for the Circular Economy (a) aims at "closing the loop" of product life cycles through greater recycling and re-use, bringing benefits to both the environment and the economy (b) discusses the indication by labeling and standard product information of the consumption of energy (c) aims to prevent the generation of waste electrical and electronic equipment (d) establishes a framework for the setting of ecodesign requirements for energy-related products
a
Automated Disassembly: The useful lifespan of most of the products is generally greater (usually between 5 and 15 years) than the market entrance of new products, meaning that at the same time a wide variety of products, old and new, have to be processed. (a) Flexibility (b) Adaptability
a
Between which two is the product life cycle system approach compared (a) Chemical and physical (b) Chemical and material (c) Biosphere and Geosphere (d) Geosphere and chemical
a
C2P (a) Supports companies in managing regulations (b) Supports companies in managing technical liabilities (c) Supports companies in managing the product life cycle (d) Supports companies in managing the use of chemicals
a
During which phase is AFF introduced in the top-down approach? (a) Conceptual design (b) Detailed design (c) Planning and clarification (d) Embodiment design
a
During which phase is DfE matrix introduced in the top-down approach? (a) Conceptual design (b) Detailed design (c) Planning and clarification (d) Embodiment design
a
During which phase is Eco-function matrix introduced in the top-down approach? (a) Conceptual design (b) Detailed design (c) Planning and clarification (d) Embodiment design
a
During which phase is Ecoconcept spiderweb introduced in the top-down approach? (a) Conceptual design (b) Detailed design (c) Planning and clarification (d) Embodiment design
a
During which phase is MECO matrix introduced in the top-down approach? (a) Conceptual design (b) Detailed design (c) Planning and clarification (d) Embodiment design
a
During which phase is Operational Practices introduced in the top-down approach? (a) Conceptual design (b) Detailed design (c) Planning and clarification
a
During which phase is Operational practices introduced in the top-down approach? (a) Embodiment design (b) Detailed design (c) Planning and clarification
a
During which phase is PIQET matrix introduced in the bottom-up approach? (a) Minimise materiale consumption (b) Minimise energy consumption (c) Slct low impact resources (d) Otimise product lifespan
a
During which phase is Ten Golden Rules introduced in the top-down approach? (a) Conceptual design (b) Detailed design (c) Planning and clarification (d) Embodiment design
a
During which phase isDesign for recycling matrix introduced in the bottom-up approach? (a) Extend material lifetime (b) Minimise energy consumption (c) Fcilitate disassembly (d) Otimise product lifespan
a
EDST is what? (a) TOOL: Environmental Design Support Tool (b) TOOL: Environmental development strategy tool (c) METHOD: Environmental Design Support Tool (d) METHOD: Environmental development strategy tool
a
EPI's (a) Environmental performance indicators: Support the definition of environmentally-relevant leading KPIs. Used to set measurable targets for the environmental performance of products under development (b) Environmental performance indicators: Used to set measurable targets for the the redesign of products (c) Explicit prediction indicators: Support the definition of environmentally-relevant leading KPIs. Used to set measurable targets for the environmental performance of products under development (d) Explicit prediction indicators: Support the definition of environmentally-relevant leading design specifications.
a
Eco-QFD (a) Identifies customer's and stakeholders' requirements and priorities. Focus on internal properties and not external parameters (b) Identifies customer's and stakeholders' priorities towards the triple bottom line. Focus on the external parameters (c) Identifies customer's and stakeholders' requirements and priorities. Focus on both internal properties and external parameters (d) Identifies customer's requirements and priorities. Focus on internal properties.
a
Eco-design is: (a) a proactive approach (b) a reactive approach (c) a integrative approach (d) a passive approach
a
Eco-function matrix (a) Provides a communication platform for functional priorities and environmental impacts. Combining the functional and environmental profiles. (b) Provides a communication platform for functional priorities and environmental impacts. Focuses mainly on the environmental profile of a product. (c) Combining the economic and environmental profiles. Hence, allowing the designer to determine which core design aspects can be approved. (d) Provides an outlet for designers to prioritise the environmental impacts. Combining the functional and environmental profiles.
a
Ecodesign since: (a) 1980's (b) 1990's (c) 2000's (d) 1970's
a
Ecological footprint (a) A measure of the land and water a society would hypothetically need in order to provide all the resources to support it and absorb its wastes. (b) The unnecessary amount of water and land that society uses. (c) The result of over-consumption of the world's resources. (d) The direct amount of CO2 that society causes into the atmosphere.
a
Energy using Products (EuP): (a) Increasing focus on minimizing the negative environmental impacts of energy waste from standby functions, over-dimensioned products, inefficient components, etc. (b) Increasing focus on minimizing the negative economic and environmental impacts of energy waste from standby functions, over-dimensioned products, inefficient components, etc. (c) Calculations to help evaluate the energy efficiency of products. (d) Calculations to help in the evaluation of the energy efficiency of products. Thus, to determine which products to go forward with in the design process.
a
Environmental Design Support Tool (EDST): (a) Disassembly is the first step in evaluating a product's environmental performance. Includes disassembly time calculation, number of distinct components, and the percentage of disassembly fasteners. Generates a numeric index for evaluation. (b) Disassembly is the second step in evaluating a product's environmental performance. Includes disassembly time calculation, number of distinct components, and the percentage of disassembly fasteners. Generates a numeric index for evaluation. (c) Disassembly is the third step in evaluating a product's environmental performance. Includes disassembly time calculation, number of distinct components, and the percentage of disassembly fasteners. Generates a quantiatative index for evaluation and qualitative features. (d) Disassembly is the foruth step in evaluating a product's environmental performance. Includes disassembly time calculation, number of distinct functions, and the percentage of disassembly fasteners. Generates a quantitative index for evaluation and qualitative features.
a
Environmental legislation is increasingly changing its focus from manufacturing-oriented to product-oriented instruments. (a) True (b) False
a
Environmental performance (a) Sum of the environmental impacts of products and services across their entire life cycle. (b) An evaluation using a range of environmental tools on a product (c) A stakeholders analysis of how product's can be improved (d) A consideration that adds to the economic aspects of a company's profile.
a
Greenwashing (a) Making inflated or incorrect claims about the environmental merits of their products. (b) Incorporating green chemicals into product development (c) Making statements about products that make other companies sound less environmentally friendly. (d) Marketing on the basis on only the good environmental merits of a company's products
a
In what approach is "10 Golden Rules"? (a) Top-down (b) Bottom-up
a
In what approach is "AFF"? (a) Top-down (b) Bottom-up
a
In what approach is "C2P"? (a) Top-down (b) Bottom-up
a
In what approach is "DfE"? (a) Top-down (b) Bottom-up
a
In what approach is "EPI's database"? (a) Top-down (b) Bottom-up
a
In what approach is "Eco-QFD"? (a) Top-down (b) Bottom-up
a
In what approach is "Eco-benchmark"? (a) Top-down (b) Bottom-up
a
In what approach is "Eco-communication matrix"? (a) Top-down (b) Bottom-up
a
In what approach is "Eco-function matrix"? (a) Top-down (b) Bottom-up
a
In what approach is "Eco-roadmap"? (a) Top-down (b) Bottom-up
a
In what approach is "Ecoconcept siderweb"? (a) Top-down (b) Bottom-up
a
In what approach is "Ecodesign PILOT"? (a) Top-down (b) Bottom-up
a
In what approach is "Ecoquest"? (a) Top-down (b) Bottom-up
a
In what approach is "Fast Five Awareness"? (a) Top-down (b) Bottom-up
a
In what approach is "Life Cycle Assessment"? (a) Top-down (b) Bottom-up
a
In what approach is "MECO Matrix"? (a) Top-down (b) Bottom-up
a
In what approach is "Operational practices"? (a) Top-down (b) Bottom-up
a
In what approach is "STREACH"? (a) Top-down (b) Bottom-up
a
Is ENVRIZ a tool or method? (a) Tool (b) Method
a
Is Ecodesign PILOT a tool or a method? (a) Tool (b) Method
a
Is LCA a tool or a method? (a) Tool (b) Method
a
Is the following statement true? "LCA aims to evaluate the environmental burdens associated with a product, process, or activity by identifying energy and materials used and wastes released into the environment, and to evaluate and implement opportunities to affect environmental improvements." (a) True (b) False
a
Leaves behind contamination marks, when the components are incompatible with each other. (a) Rivets (b) Hot riveting (c) Pressurising systems (d) Welding (e) Solvent welding (f) Adhesive bonding
a
Life Cycle Perspective (a) Focuses on minimizing the environmental impacts across the entire products' life cycle, from raw material extraction and manufacturing to use and end-of-life. (b) Looking at the economic gains a product can contribute to a company's sucess. (c) Looking at the problems of products, and determining which to discontinue. (d) Focuses on incorporating environmental tools across the design phase.
a
Life Cycle Profile: (a) Is of the stages of the product life cycle must be established. (b) Consists of the primary aspects that can have environmental harm. (c) Is an analysis of the stages at which a product can be improved. (d) Is an overview for the management to determine where to invest their money to better the life cycle of their products.
a
MECO matrix includes horizontal: (a) Materials, manufracture, transport, disposal (b) Materials, energy, chemicals, others (c) Manufacture, placement, transportation, disassembly (d) Materials, electricity, combustion, others
a
Managing and processing the product flow needs considerable flexibility (a) Assorted products (b) Single products
a
Passive approach (a) 1970's (b) 1980's (c) 1990's (d) 2000's
a
Prioritization of green options (feasibility of...?) (a) Environment, consumer, societal, company (b) Environment, consumer, economic, company (c) Environment, stakeholders, economy, company (d) Environment, legislation, stakeholders, company
a
REACH (a) aims at improving the protection of human health and the environment from the risks that can be posed by chemicals (b) discusses the indication by labeling and standard product information of the consumption of energy (c) aims to prevent the generation of waste electrical and electronic equipment (d) establishes a framework for the setting of ecodesign requirements for energy-related products
a
Ten Golden Rules (a) Can be used to improve the environmental performance of the concept of a product or to compare various alternative concepts. (b) Can be used to improve the functional profile of a product though various design concepts. (c) Allows the designer to evaluate their designs at various stages of the product life cycle. (d) Allows the designer to reference various design criteria during the redesign phase
a
The ergonomic principles indicate that for optimal selection the number of containers should not exceed ten. (a) Cellular Disassembly (b) Linear Disassembly
a
The key impacts related to the product (a) Limited data at this early stage (b) Limited financial opportunities (c) Developing a key strategy for product design (d) Creating a functional map of product features
a
The selection and separation are carried out in one place by one operator (human or robot). (a) Cellular Disassembly (b) Linear Disassembly
a
This kind of system has a limited number of separate containers used by the operator for the selection. (a) Cellular Disassembly (b) Linear Disassembly
a
This usually concerns a recycling company that recovers products manufactured by various producers. (a) Assorted products (b) Single products
a
Top-down approach (a) Design-driven approach (b) Environmental life cycle approach (c) Functional unit approach (d) Technical life cycle approach
a
Top-down approach second aspect? (a) Conceptual design (b) Detailed design (c) Planning and clarification (d) Embodiment design
a
Various parts and sub-assemblies can be dismantled separately, allowing various operators to work on the same product; all this increases the amount of products that can be disassembled at the same time. (a) Spatial Parallelism (b) Temporal Parallelism
a
Wha is "integration of ecodesign into product development" (a) A challenge for management (b) A challenge for stakeholders (c) A criteria for applying the MECO matrix (d) Non-critical for implementing ecodesign
a
What are the following in terms of benchmarking procedure "Assess benchmark issues & define system" (a) Actual benchmark (b) Link to Ecodesign (c) Link to business
a
What are the following in terms of benchmarking procedure "Choose products" (a) Actual benchmark (b) Link to Ecodesign (c) Link to business
a
What are the following in terms of benchmarking procedure "Discuss fact sheets & define attention field" (a) Actual benchmark (b) Link to Ecodesign (c) Link to business
a
What are the following in terms of benchmarking procedure "Validate and compare products" (a) Actual benchmark (b) Link to Ecodesign (c) Link to business
a
What are the four goals of circular economy? (a) Design sustainable products, key product value chains, less waste with more value and crosscutting actions. (b) Design sustainable products, create circular products, less waste with more value and crosscutting actions. (c) Design sustainable products, design for disassembly, less waste with more value and create circular products (d) Design sustainable products, key management value chains, less waste with more sustainability and crosscutting actions.
a
What are the inputs in the Life Cycle? (a) Raw materials & Energy (b) Raw materials & Power (c) Resources & Energy (d) Material extraction & production
a
What are the output(s) in the Life Cycle? (a) Solid waste, wastewater, emissions (b) Solid waste, emissions (c) Solid waste, wastewater, chemicals (d) Solid waste, chemicals, contamination
a
What does "PILOT" signify withing ecodesign? (a) Signifies the Product Innovation Learning and Optimisation Tool, mainly designed for product development and improvement application. (b) Signifies the Product Investigation Learning and Optimisation method, mainly designed for product development and improvement application. (c) Signifies the Product Investigation Leverage and Optimisation tool, mainly designed for product development and used in the final stages of design. (d) Signifies the Product Investigation Leverage and Optimisation tool, designed for management and stakeholders to develop and improve the suggested designs.
a
What is "Alteration of the ecosystem" an example of? (a) Input (b) Output (c) Neither (d) Both
a
What is "The selection and separation are made in one place by one operator (human or robot)." (a) Cellular disassembly (b) Assorted products (c) Parallelism (d) Linear Disassembly Different
a
What is "extinction of species that inhibit forests" an example of? (a) Input (b) Output (c) Neither (d) Both
a
What is "land more vulnerable to erosions" an example of? (a) Input (b) Output (c) Neither (d) Both
a
What is integrative design? (a) "cradle-to-cradle" , circular, product/service (b) Little not no awareness of increasing pollution (c) Recognition of pollution effects (d) Sustainability driving innovation
a
What is reactive design? (a) Recognition of pollution effects (b) Sustainability driving innovation (c) "cradle-to-cradle" , circular, product/service (d) Little not no awareness of increasing pollution
a
What is the Five Awareness? (a) Is developed to judge and compare different product concepts towards a reference product. (b) Looks closely at five key aspects that had to be covered to live up to the governmental legislation. (c) Evaluates the chosen design based on five criteria. (d) Compares the original design to the final design to sport the key improvements.
a
What is the first activity in the embodiment design phase? (a) Developing preliminary layouts and designs. (b) Developing a functional and environmental profile. (c) Adjusting the design options to fit the legislation within the design area. (d) Developing a plan of which methods and tools to be applied throughout further design.
a
What statement is correct by the United Nations Environment Programme from 2004? (Fill in the statement: Typically, for ________ accounted for waste treatment or disposal, between ______ dollars remain 'hidden' or are simply ignored.) (a) every dollar, two and three (b) every dollar, four and five (c) every two dollars, four and five (d) every two dollars, three and four
a
What type of tool is STRETCH? (a) TOOL: Strategic Environmental Challenge (b) TOOL: Strategic Life Cycle Challenge (c) METHOD: Strategic Environmental Challenge (d) METHOD: Strategic Life Cycle Challenge
a
When - "no mechanisms in place for pollution control" (a) 1970's (b) 1980's (c) 1990's (d) 2000's
a
When - "production processes was disposed directly in the environment" (a) 1970's (b) 1980's (c) 1990's (d) 2000's
a
Which Method? (Once there is an understanding of the system, its characteristics, the result it delivers, and its environmental performance, the identified environmental bottlenecks, and inefficiencies can support the ideation of alternative ways to fulfill the function, which can also be supported by the design of incentives) (a) AFF (b) MECO Matrix (c) DfE (d) Functional Unit
a
Which aspects are the following: "Storing, transportation and packaging." (a) Distribution (b) Utilisation (c) Disposal (d) Pre-production (e) Production
a
Which category does "Battery & adapter applications" fall into? (a) Energy (b) Materials/weight (c) Packaging (d) Potentially toxic substances (e) Recyclability
a
Which category does "Consumer behaviour" fall into? (a) Energy (b) Materials/weight (c) Packaging (d) Potentially toxic substances (e) Recyclability
a
Which category does "On-mode" fall into? (a) Energy (b) Materials/weight (c) Packaging (d) Potentially toxic substances (e) Recyclability
a
Which is NOT one of the main challenges of the 10 Golden Rules? (a) Analysis of the disassembly of a product. (b) Ensuring the compatibility of the solution principles (c) The selection of technically, environmentally and economically favorable combination
a
Which is correct? (a) Primary flows: direct, secondary flows: reverse (b) Primary flows: reverse, secondary flows: direct
a
Which is true for consumer goods (a) Use-dispose or food (b) Consume little to no resources while usage (c) Impact mainlt during pre-production (d) Goal is to extend lifespan
a
Which tool is used in relation to minimising material consumption? (a) PIQET (b) STRETCH (c) LCA (d) Ecodesign PILOT
a
"Raw material extraction, primary industry processing, manufacturing of finished products, use, and maintenance, product's discard at its end-of-life and transportation/distribution processes along the whole life cycle." (a) Product Life Cycle (b) Ecodesign (c) MECO matrix (d) Design for environment
b
"a holistic view that explands the scope of sustainability considerations beyond production processes to the entire life cyle of the products, from raw marerial extraction and manufracturing though use, to end-of-life" (a) a reactive approach (b) a proactive approach (c) a integrative approach (d) a passive approach
b
AFF stands for: (a) METHOD: Alignment for Functionality (b) METHOD: Alternative Function Fulfillment (c) TOOL: Alignment for Functionality (d) TOOL: Alternative Function Fulfillment
b
Automated Disassembly: The configuration of a disassembled product can depend on its age and utilisation methods, and therefore, for example, on its state of corrosion or damage. (a) Flexibility (b) Adaptability
b
Conceptual design (a) The definition of the key product functions that will provide additional value for the user (b) The definition of the key product characteristics that will influence the environmental performance of the product across its entire lifecycle (c) The features of a product that are directly related to the environmental impacts (d) The understanding that all products can be redesigned to provide a better environmental footprint.
b
Consumer goods, which is NOT correct? (a) Goods to become used up (b) Goods that consume little to no resources while in use (c) Throw-away goods
b
DfE stands for (a) Design Future Environment (b) Design for Environment (c) Design For Evolution (d) Defining Future Elements
b
Different working stations can handle varying product flow; in this case there is no limited operational depth, since any number of containers can be arranged along the line for collection. (a) Cellular Disassembly (b) Linear Disassembly
b
During which phase is ENVRIZ matrix introduced in the bottom-up approach? (a) Minimise materiale consumption (b) Minimise energy consumption (c) Slct low impact resources (d) Otimise product lifespan
b
During which phase is Eco-communication matrix introduced in the top-down approach? (a) Conceptual design (b) Detailed design (c) Planning and clarification (d) Embodiment design
b
During which phase is Ecoquest introduced in the top-down approach? (a) Conceptual design (b) Detailed design (c) Planning and clarification (d) Embodiment design
b
Eco concept spiderweb (a) It works by comparing eight design areas with each other to identify a ́better than/worse than output. (b) Provides a quick way of helping designers identify which areas of the product should be focused on to improve its environmental performance. (c) Provides a way for designers to identify which areas problem areas stand out and need to be readjusted in the design phase. (d) It works by comparing ten design areas with each other to identify a ́better than/worse than output.
b
Eco-benchmarking (a) Making organizations develop an understanding of the technical complications of their products (b) Making organizations understand and develop a critical attitude toward their own products. (c) Making organizations develop an understanding of the chemical complications of their products (d) Making organizations develop an understanding of the life cycle steps that have a high environmental impact
b
Eco-roadmap (a) a concise graphical tool that captures long-term environmental drivers. It highlights draft legislation and industry trends for sustainable and environmentally compliant product features. (b) a concise graphical tool that captures short- and long-term environmental drivers. It highlights draft legislation, emerging customer requirements, and industry trends for sustainable and environmentally compliant product features. (c) a simple graphical tool that captures short-term environmental drivers. It highlights chemical legislation, emerging customer requirements, and trends for chemical compliant product features.
b
Ecodesign operational practices (a) Aids in determining which guidelines to prioritize (b) Deals with the technical issues and material life cycle (c) Deals with the physical issues and the functional unit (d) Deals with the establishment of technical solutions for the functional unit
b
Elements of benchmarking (a) Choice of products, system definition, comparisons, review (b) Choice of products, system definition, comparisons and validation, review (c) Choice of tools, functional definitions, validation, review (d) Choice of products, system definition, comparisons, validation,
b
Energy Labeling Directive (a) aims at improving the protection of human health and the environment from the risks that can be posed by chemicals (b) discusses the indication by labeling and standard product information of the consumption of energy (c) aims to prevent the generation of waste electrical and electronic equipment (d) establishes a framework for the setting of ecodesign requirements for energy-related products
b
Environmental aspects (a) Inputs & outputs (b) Inputs & by-products (c) Raw materials & by products (d) Entire product life cycle
b
Environmental requirements of industrial products: INPUT? (a) Selecting appropriate materials (b) Extracting substances from the environment (c) Ensuring there is a strategy in place to deal with all legislative and governmental laws of influence. (d) Determining which sources of materials cannot be included in the design.
b
EuP is what? (a) TOOL: Electronics using Power (b) TOOL: Energy using Products (c) METHOD: Electronics using Power (d) METHOD: Energy using Products
b
European Commission 2003 (a) Regulation, Estimation, Licence, and checking of chemicals (b) Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation, and restriction of chemicals (c) Regulation, Evaluation, Authorisation, and checking of chemicals (d) Regulation, Estimation, Authorisation, and checking of chemicals
b
Functional approach: (a) The functional unit is the performance of the product life cycle; the function or service supplied must be studied, as well as the physical product itself. (b) The functional unit is the performance of the product being assessed; the function or service supplied must be studied, not the physical product itself. (c) The functional unit is the performance of the product being assessed; the function or service supplied must be studied, as well as the physical product itself. (d) The functional unit is the performance of the product life cycle; the environmental profile must be studied, not the physical product itself.
b
Green Deal goal (a) Place additional regulations chemical use in industry (b) World's first climate-neutral continent by 2050 (c) Eliminate all one-time-use plastics (d) World's first climate-neutral continent by 2030
b
How many stages are there of the life cycle? (a) 4 (b) 5 (c) 8 (d) 10
b
IPP stands for: (a) Involvement in Producing Products (b) Integrated Product Policy (c) Investigating Probable Products (d) Ingregrating Preferrable Policies
b
In what approach is "Design for Recycling"? (a) Top-down (b) Bottom-up
b
In what approach is "Design guidelines for renewable energy powered products"? (a) Top-down (b) Bottom-up
b
In what approach is "EDST"? (a) Top-down (b) Bottom-up
b
In what approach is "ENVRIZ"? (a) Top-down (b) Bottom-up
b
In what approach is "Eco-material evaluation diagram"? (a) Top-down (b) Bottom-up
b
In what approach is "MAAP"? (a) Top-down (b) Bottom-up
b
In which aspect is "Entropy" considered? (a) Life Cycle Assessment (b) Disassembly (c) Functional unit (d) MECO Matrix
b
Is the following statement true? "Leading process-related indicators are directly linked to the ecodesign design practices." (a) True (b) False
b
Life cycle assessment of a product (a) A measure of the ecological environmental, and communal impacts of a product or activity from its inception, throughout its use, to its disposal (b) A measure of the economic, environmental, and social impacts of a product or activity from its inception, throughout its use, to its disposal (c) A measure of the ecological environmental, and social impacts of a product or activity from its design to disassembly (d) A measure of the economic environmental, and communal impacts of a product or activity from its inception of design to its disposal
b
Once separated, the sub-assemblies can be sent to another work station or along another route; this can expedite the treatments of small products and give access for specialised working cells on certain sub-assemblies, especially if their structure is sufficiently modular (a) Spatial Parallelism (b) Temporal Parallelism
b
Packaging Impact Quick Evaluation Tool: (a) Aims to establish several company indicators that can support decision-making during the packaging development - with a focus on the functional and environmental profile. (b) Aims to establish several environmental indicators that can support decision-making during the packaging development - following a lifecycle perspective. (c) Aims to establish several company indicators that can support decision-making during the packaging development - with a focus on the functional profile. (d) Aims to establish several environmental indicators that can support decision-making during the packaging development - with a focus on the environmental profile.
b
Preventive approach (a) 1980's (b) 1990's (c) 2000's (d) 2010's
b
Reactive approach (a) 1970's (b) 1980's (c) 1990's (d) 2000's
b
Select the correct statement: (a) Post-consumer resources are acquired from goods and packages before they have passed the end-user (b) Pre-consumer resources consist of waste and refuse discharged during the production processes. (c) Pre-consumer resources consist of refuse discharged during the distribution process. (d) Post-consumer resources are discarded and disassembled after the end-user
b
TOOL for design for disassembly (a) STRETCH (b) EDST (c) Eco-roadmap (d) ENVRIZ
b
The disassembly processes are well-defined and almost invariable. This usually concerns products that return directly to their producers. (a) Assorted products (b) Single products
b
Top-down approach fourth aspect? (a) Conceptual design (b) Detailed design (c) Planning and clarification (d) Embodiment design
b
Triple Bottom Line (a) Ecological, Economic, Social (b) Economic, Environmental & social well-being (c) Ecologial, Environmental & social well-being (d) Ecological, social & economic
b
Triple bottom line (a) Ecological, environmental, societal (b) Economic, environmental, social (c) Ecological, economic, and stakeholders (d) Economic, ecological, societal
b
Understanding that environmental and sustainability improvements were a cost rather than an opportunity (a) 1970's (b) 1980's (c) 1990's (d) 2000's
b
Value distribution (incorporates) (a) Concluding on improvement areas, alternative design ideas, meeting customer requirements, and implementing redundant product attributes is a waste of time (b) Discussions about environmental improvement possibilities, alternative design ideas, meeting customer requirements, and implementing redundant product attributes are a waste of time (c) Discussions about environmental improvement possibilities, alternative design ideas, meeting customer requirements, and meeting the economic goals set by stakeholders (d) Discussions about environmental improvement possibilities, alternative design ideas, meet legislative requirements, and meeting the economic goals set by stakeholders
b
What are Goods to become used up? (a) CONSUMER GOOD: The goal is to extend their lifespan by susbistutiong with other reusable goods or making them reusable. (b) CONSUMER GOOD: The goal is to minimize their resource consumption in select low-impact resources. (c) DURABLE GOOD: The goal is to extend their lifespan by susbistutiong with other reusable goods or making them reusable. (d) DURABLE GOOD: The goal is to minimize their resource consumption in select low-impact resources.
b
What are the following in terms of benchmarking procedure "Create green options using brainstorm sessions" (a) Actual benchmark (b) Link to Ecodesign (c) Link to business
b
What are the following in terms of benchmarking procedure "Implement & monitor results" (a) Actual benchmark (b) Link to Ecodesign (c) Link to business
b
What are the following in terms of benchmarking procedure "Prioritise and screen green options" (a) Actual benchmark (b) Link to Ecodesign (c) Link to business
b
What does LCA stand for? (a) Life Cycle Analysis (b) Life Cycle Assessment (c) Legislative Criteria Assessment (d) Legislative Compliance Analysis
b
What does PDP stand for? (a) Product for development potential (b) Product development process (c) Processes for developed products (d) Potential disturbance provisions
b
What is "Eutrophication" an example of? (a) Input (b) Output (c) Neither (d) Both
b
What is "Global warming" an example of? (a) Input (b) Output (c) Neither (d) Both
b
What is "Ozone layer depletion" an example of? (a) Input (b) Output (c) Neither (d) Both
b
What is "Toxic emissions" an example of? (a) Input (b) Output (c) Neither (d) Both
b
What is embodiment design? (a) Is when a designer can embody the use and functionality of a product to elaborate on further design optimizations. (b) Is the stage in which the selected concept is further developed into a design that can lead directly to production. (c) Is a phase in the beginning of the product design, where the most prominent functionality and environmental aspects are chosen. (d) Is used by a company as a whole to determine how their environmental goals and customer needs line up for optimal economic value.
b
What is preventive design? (a) Recognition of pollution effects (b) companies improving their beginning-of-pipe (c) Sustainability driving innovation (d) Little not no awareness of increasing pollution
b
What is waste" an example of? (a) Input (b) Output (c) Neither (d) Both
b
When - "Governmental legislation was launched" (a) 1970's (b) 1980's (c) 1990's (d) 2000's
b
When did ecodesign begin to emerge as to "design environmental problems out" of the product or system? (a) 1980's (b) 1990's (c) 2000's (d) 2010's
b
When did it become a goal to reduce waste generation directly at the source as to reduce treatment and final disposal costs? (a) 1980's (b) 1990's (c) 2000's (d) 2010's
b
When was the benchmark theory and methodology introduced? (a) 1997 (b) 1998 (c) 1999 (d) 2000
b
When was the main aim to reduce the pollution of industrial waste? (a) 1970's (b) 1980's (c) 1990's (d) 2000's
b
Which aspects are the following: "Maintanence and re-use" (a) Distribution (b) Utilisation (c) Disposal (d) Pre-production (e) Production
b
Which category does "Directions for use" fall into? (a) Energy (b) Materials/weight (c) Packaging (d) Potentially toxic substances (e) Recyclability
b
Which category does "Drives" fall into? (a) Energy (b) Materials/weight (c) Packaging (d) Potentially toxic substances (e) Recyclability
b
Which category does "Electrical components" fall into? (a) Energy (b) Materials/weight (c) Packaging (d) Potentially toxic substances (e) Recyclability
b
Which category does "Embodiment" fall into? (a) Energy (b) Materials/weight (c) Packaging (d) Potentially toxic substances (e) Recyclability
b
Which category does "Per (sub) assembly" fall into? (a) Energy (b) Materials/weight (c) Packaging (d) Potentially toxic substances (e) Recyclability
b
Which category does "Remote control" fall into? (a) Energy (b) Materials/weight (c) Packaging (d) Potentially toxic substances (e) Recyclability
b
Which category does "Wiring and connectors" fall into? (a) Energy (b) Materials/weight (c) Packaging (d) Potentially toxic substances (e) Recyclability
b
Which has "no limited operational depth" (a) Cellular Disassembly (b) Linear Disassembly
b
Which includes the two stages that characterise utilisation? (a) Consumption, transportation (b) Utilisation or consumption, service (c) Utilisation or consumption, energy (d) Consumption and disposal
b
Which is NOT one of the EPI steps? (a) Design environmental priorities and objectives (b) Select the complementary KPI's (c) Select EPIs from the database (d) Customizer and create new EPIs (e) Pre-select EPIs (f) Implement product-related EPI's
b
Which is in more than two phases of the top-down approach? (a) Ecodesign Spiderweb (b) Operational practices (c) MECO matrix (d) AFF
b
Which is not a legislation for PDP? (a) WEE (b) STRETCH (c) REACH (d) Action Plan for the Circular Economy
b
Which is not one of the 3 fundamental characteristics of distribution? (a) Packaging (b) Completion (c) Transportation (d) Storing
b
Which is not one of the main disadvantages of LCD? (a) Gaining information about the input-output of processes (b) Different customer values (c) Unpredictable economical evolution (d) changing cultural contexts
b
Which is step one in the seven steps towards environmental improvement? (a) Create an overview of the environmental impacts (b) Describe the use of context (c) Sketch the stakeholder-network (d) Create your environmental profile and find root causes
b
Which is true for durable goods? (a) Not a goal to extend the lifespan (b) Consume little to no resources while in usage (c) Impact occurs mainly during usage (d) Impact occurs mainly during the extraction of materials
b
Which method can be empl,oyed to estimate the effects of global warming that is related to a given product? (a) AFF (b) LCA (c) MECO Matrix (d) Environmental profile
b
Which method is described "the goal is to create a systemic idea of the product to minimise the input of raw materials and energy, let alone the impact of all emissions and waste, both quantitatively and qualitatively, calculating the harm of all effects" (a) AFF (b) LCD (c) STRECH (d) REACH
b
Which statement is NOT true for the benchmarking procedure? (a) A potential Green Flagship product is compared with 3-4 commercial competitors. (b) A variety of competitors that all aid in providing similar functions or services should be considered. (c) The competitors products should be chosen based on good known or expected performance on environmental criteria. (d) The best commercial competior should be included.
b
Which statement is correct? (a) Renewable resources are mined from the earth, while non- renewable are from biomass (b) Non-renewable resources are mined from the earth, while renewable are from biomass (c) Primary resources are also termed recycled resources (d) Secondary resources are also termed virgin resoruces
b
Which statement is correct? (a) Secondary resources come straight from the geosphere - include renewable and nonrenewable (b) Primary resources come straight from the geosphere - include renewable and nonrenewable (c) Primary resources come straight from the biosphere - include renewable (d) Secondary resources come straight from the biosphere - include renewable
b
Which was not one of the "other costs" not taken into account during the 1990's? (a) Loss of raw materials and water (b) Customer values and competitive advantages (c) Loss of energy and legislation (d) Regulatory non-compliance and corporate image
b
Within which design method is the term "wider design horizon" referred to? (a) MECO Matrix (b) LCD (c) AFF (d) REACH
b
preferable to nailing, because it is less intrusive, being integrated with one of the connecting components. Providing necessary fastening force requires comparatively little material, just using raw force is sufficient for fast separation. (a) Rivets (b) Hot riveting (c) Pressurising systems (d) Welding (e) Solvent welding (f) Adhesive bonding
b
Accessing benchmarking issues and the defining system does NOT include? (a) Defining system boundaries (b) Evaluating the dive focal issues (c) Ensuring all legislation is accounted for (d) Determining additional focal issues to evaluate
c
Bottom up approach (a) Design-driven approach (b) Technical life cycle approach (c) Environmental life cycle approach (d) Functional unit approach
c
Can pose serious problems for disassembly; separable with physical force. (a) Rivets (b) Hot riveting (c) Pressurising systems (d) Welding (e) Solvent welding (f) Adhesive bonding
c
DFD (a) Focuses on ensuring that the development of future design take environmental factors into consideration (b) Developing and designing products for the future that takes into account the needs of future and current generations. (c) Focuses on how to design easily disassembled products, meaning that the parts and materials can be easily and economically separated. (d) Designing products such that the disassembly does not exceed a given number of components.
c
DFD stands for? (a) Developing future designs (b) Design for development (c) Design for disassembly (d) Developing fair design
c
During which phase is C2P introduced in the top-down approach? (a) Conceptual design (b) Detailed design (c) Planning and clarification (d) Embodiment design
c
During which phase is EDST matrix introduced in the bottom-up approach? (a) Extend material lifetime (b) Minimise energy consumption (c) Fcilitate disassembly (d) Otimise product lifespan
c
During which phase is EPI Database introduced in the top-down approach? (a) Conceptual design (b) Detailed design (c) Planning and clarification (d) Embodiment design
c
During which phase is Eco-QFD introduced in the top-down approach? (a) Conceptual design (b) Detailed design (c) Planning and clarification (d) Embodiment design
c
During which phase is Eco-benchmark introduced in the top-down approach? (a) Conceptual design (b) Detailed design (c) Planning and clarification (d) Embodiment design
c
During which phase is Eco-roadmap introduced in the top-down approach? (a) Conceptual design (b) Detailed design (c) Planning and clarification (d) Embodiment design
c
During which phase is STREACH introduced in the top-down approach? (a) Conceptual design (b) Detailed design (c) Planning and clarification (d) Embodiment design
c
During which phase isEco-material evaluation diagram matrix introduced in the bottom-up approach? (a) Minimise materiale consumption (b) Minimise energy consumption (c) Slct low impact resources (d) Otimise product lifespan
c
During which phase isdesign guidelines for renewable energy power matrix introduced in the bottom-up approach? (a) Minimise materiale consumption (b) Minimise energy consumption (c) Slct low impact resources (d) Otimise product lifespan
c
Ecodesign PILOT (a) Is a method to determine which product functionalities can be improved during the design phase. (b) Is a vital tool to help the designers understand the functionality and use of their designs. (c) Is a software tool for identifying and applying ecodesign measures to products.
c
Environmental profile (areas?) (a) Energy consumption, transportation, customer experience, design for disassembly (b) Design criteria, transport, chemicals, disposal (c) Materials, Energy, Chemicals, other (d) Supplies , Energy consumption, Chemical consideration, other
c
Focus of STRETCH tool (a) Focuses on assessing a product's life cycle to check for design improvements (b) Focuses on the chemical implications that a product can contribute to the environment (c) Focuses on assessing improvements in the most promising environmental opportunities throughout the product's life cycle (d) Focuses on finding the main hotspots in the life cycle design of a product
c
Green Deal goal (a) World's first climate-neutral continent by 2040 (b) World's first climate-neutral continent by 2045 (c) World's first climate-neutral continent by 2050 (d) World's first climate-neutral continent by 2055
c
IPP (a) Information of processes in perspective (b) Informative policies of products (c) Integrated product policy (d) Integrated Policy of products
c
Initial focus on increasing resource efficiency? (a) 1970's (b) 1980's (c) 1990's (d) 2000's
c
KPI's (a) Key Performance Indicators: Used to determine and help stakeholders develop strategies for environmental development (b) Keywords Prediction Indicators: Used to predict and affect changes and help manage positive performance improvements (c) Key Performance Indicators: Used to predict and affect changes and help manage positive performance improvements (d) Keywords Prediction Indicators: Used to determine and help stakeholders develop strategies for environmental development
c
Laggin KPI's - which statement is not correct (a) Are less favored (b) After-the-fact performance measurements (c) Determines which KPI's can be directly influenced by the product designer (d) Ill-fitting to the design and product development process
c
Life Cycle Objective (a) The goal is to create a systematic idea of the product to improve the environmental profile of a product, let alone the impact of all emissions and waste, both quantitatively and qualitatively, calculating the harm of all effects. (b) The goal is to examine all the design phases of a product to determine which can contribute to bettering the environmental profile. (c) The goal is to create a systematic idea of the product to minimise the input of raw materials and energy, let alone the impact of all emissions and waste, both quantitatively and qualitatively, calculating the harm of all effects.
c
Life cycle steps (a) Raw materials, manufacture, transport, use, disassembly (b) Design requirements, manufacture, transport, use, disposal (c) Raw materials, manufacture, transport, use, disposal (d) Design requirements, economic goals, transport, use, disposal
c
MECO matrix includes vertical: (a) Materials, electricity, combustion, others (b) Manufacture, transport, use, disposal (c) Materials, energy, chemicals, others (d) Manufacture, placement, transportation, disassembly
c
Our pioneering commitment is to become Lifetime Carbon Neutral by: (a) 2030 (b) 2043 (c) 2041 (d) 2035
c
Preventive approach (a) 1970's (b) 1980's (c) 1990's (d) 2000's
c
Proactive approach (a) 1980's (b) 1990's (c) 2000's (d) 2010's
c
Question (a) Systematic means for the application of establishing an environmental profile that can support both the product development activities and the technical issues related to the material life cycle. (b) Systematic means for the application of ecodesign that can support both the product development activities and the economic issues related to the material life cycle. (c) Systematic means for the application of ecodesign that can support both the product development activities and the technical issues related to the material life cycle. (d) Systematic means for the application of ecodesign that can support both the product design phase, economic viability, and the technical issues related to the material life cycle.
c
REACH includes (a) Reevaluation, electrical, authorization, chemicals (b) Regulations , e-waste, authorization, chemicals (c) Waste electrical and electronic equipment directives (d) Electrical and electronic equipment licence
c
Secondary flow (a) Related to the product life after production (b) Related to the disassembly process (c) Related to any end-of-life strategies (d) Related to the functionality unit
c
Select the correct statement: (a) Post-consumer resources are acquired from goods and packages before they have passed the end-user (b) Pre-consumer resources consist of refuse discharged during the distribution process. (c) Post-consumer resources are acquired from goods and packages after they have passed the end-user (d) Post-consumer resources are discarded and disassembled after the end-user
c
The Design Approach, which is true? (a) Optimising the chosen life cycle stages for minimizing environmental impact, according to the best and most probable system configurations available. (b) Optimising the chosen life cycle stages and functions for minimizing environmental impact, according to the best and most probable methods and tools avaliable. (c) An efficient and accurate LCD approach should try to minimize environmental impact at all stages, but also according to the best and most probable system configurations available.
c
Tool associated with minimising energy consumption (a) STRETCH (b) LCA (c) EuP (d) PIQET
c
Top-down approach first aspect? (a) Conceptual design (b) Detailed design (c) Planning and clarification (d) Embodiment design
c
WEEE (a) aims at improving the protection of human health and the environment from the risks that can be posed by chemicals (b) discusses the indication by labeling and standard product information of the consumption of energy (c) aims to prevent the generation of waste electrical and electronic equipment (d) establishes a framework for the setting of ecodesign requirements for energy-related products
c
WEEE stands for: (a) Waste Equipped Energy for the Environment (b) Wasteful Energy due to Electronic Equiptment (c) Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment
c
What are Throw-away goods? (a) DURABLE GOOD: The goal is to extend their lifespan by susbistutiong with other reusable goods or making them reusable. (b) DURABLE GOOD: Goods that consume little to no resources while in use. (c) CONSUMER GOOD: The goal is to extend their lifespan by susbistutiong with other reusable goods or making them reusable. (d) CONSUMER GOOD: Goods that consume little to no resources while in use.
c
What are the five criteria for the Fast Five Awareness? (a) Energy, Disassembly, hazardous waste content, durability/reparability, and alternative ways to provide service (b) Energy, Disassembly, Chemicals, durability/reparability, and alternative ways to provide service (c) Energy, recyclability, hazardous waste content, durability/reparability, and alternative ways to provide service (d) Energy, Disassembly, Chemicals, durability/reparability, and cohesion to legislation.
c
What are the following in terms of benchmarking procedure "Exploit in market" (a) Actual benchmark (b) Link to Ecodesign (c) Link to business
c
What are the leading process-related indicators directly linked to? (a) Designers (b) Stakeholders (c) Management (d) All of the above
c
What are the two key approaches that aim to integrate environmental requirements into industrial products? (a) Environmental and functional unit (b) Product Life Cycle and environmental unit (c) Product Life Cycle and functional unit (d) Non of the above
c
What are the two kinds of automated disassembly (a) Linear & adaptability (b) Linear & cellular (c) Flexibility & adaptability (d) Linear & flexibility
c
What are the two phases of the production system? (a) Physical and chemical (b) Physical and geosphere (c) Biosphere and geosphere (d) Geosphere and physical
c
What does ESPR stand for? (a) Environmental sustainability for product relations (b) Eco-design for statutory product regulations (c) Eco-desgin for sustainable product regulations (d) Environmental servicing using product regulations
c
What does PIQET as a tool stand for? (a) Pressuring integrative and quick environmental tactics (b) Providing insurance quick, equally, and tactfully (c) Packaging impact quick evaluation tool (d) Providing inequal environmental focus tool
c
What is "Temporal and spatial" (a) Cellular disassembly (b) Assorted products (c) Parallelism (d) Linear Disassembly Different
c
What is proactive design? (a) Recognition of pollution effects (b) Little not no awareness of increasing pollution (c) Sustainability driving innovation (d) "cradle-to-cradle" , circular, product/service
c
What is the correct order of creation? (a) Functional profile, Environmental profile, Life cycle stages (b) Environmental profile, Functional profile, Life cycle stages (c) Functional profile, Life cycle stages, Environmental profile (d) Life cycle stages, Functional profile, Environmental profile
c
What was the focus of the earliest governmental legislation? (a) CO2 emissions (b) Contaminated water (c) Pollution control (d) Contaminated soil
c
When - "Companies increasingly recognize that dispite being fundamental for economic growth and quality of life, the production and consumption of products are at the source of many of the environmental impacts that are burdening society." (a) 1980's (b) 1990's (c) 2000's (d) 2010's
c
When began the focus on improving manufacturing processes to minimize costs related to end-of-pipe solutions? (a) 1970's (b) 1980's (c) 1990's (d) 2000's
c
When did the terms "Pollution prevention" and "Cleaner production" arise? (a) 1970's (b) 1980's (c) 1990's (d) 2000's
c
When- "uptake of eco-design in industry in a systematic manner" (a) 1980's (b) 1990's (c) 2000's (d) 2010's
c
Which aspects are the following: "Landfil, incinerator, compost, recycling and waste management." (a) Distribution (b) Utilisation (c) Disposal (d) Pre-production (e) Production
c
Which category does "Number of materials" fall into? (a) Energy (b) Materials/weight (c) Packaging (d) Potentially toxic substances (e) Recyclability
c
Which category does "Presence of recycled cardboard" fall into? (a) Energy (b) Materials/weight (c) Packaging (d) Potentially toxic substances (e) Recyclability
c
Which category does "Product weight and volume" fall into? (a) Energy (b) Materials/weight (c) Packaging (d) Potentially toxic substances (e) Recyclability
c
Which is NOT a focus of the bottom up eco-design practice? (a) Ecodesign options (b) Ecodesign guidelines (c) Ecodesign legislation (d) Ecodesign operational practices
c
Which is not a benefit of implementing ecodesign? (a) Identification of new products and business models (b) Enhanced organizational image and brand (c) Ensured economic growth (d) Stimulate innovation and creativity
c
Which is not one of the 3 main stages in production? (a) Completion (b) Processing of materials (c) Extraction (d) Assembly
c
Which is not one of the analyzed aspects of the product life cycle? (a) Resource (b) Energy (c) Chemicals (d) Emissions flow
c
Which method is included in the benchmarking procedure? (a) MECO Matrix (b) AFF (c) LCA (d) DfE
c
Which of Extend material lifespan is NOT right? (a) Select recyclable materials (b) Minimize the number of incompatible materials (c) Select non-toxic and harmless energy sources (d) Facilitate combustion
c
Which of the following is a consideration aspect during benchmarking? (a) Functional profile (b) STRETCH (c) Life Cycle Assessment (d) Environmental profile
c
Which statement is correct? (a) Open loop recycling materials are remanufactured or repaired on sight. (b) Open-loop recycling materials are directed to the same production system as the original one (c) Closed-loop recycling implies a system where recycled materials are used, instead of primary raw materials, inside the same production system. (d) Closed loop recycling implies a system where recycled materials are discarded, inside the same production system
c
Which statement is correct? (a) Open loop recycling materials are remanufactured or repaired on sight. (b) Open-loop recycling materials are directed to the same production system as the original one (c) Open loop recycling materials are directed to a production system that differs from their original one (d) Closed-loop recycling implies a system where recycled materials are discarded inside the same production system
c
Which tool is used for embodiment design? (a) Eco-roadmap (b) STRETCH (c) Ecodesign PILOT (d) LCA
c
At what stage in the benchmarking procedure is the financial aspect considered? (a) The choice of products (b) The system definition (c) Comparing and validation of products (d) The review of results
d
Describing the use of the context (a) Describing design criteria, considering consumer and stakeholders' needs, environmental profile, root causes (b) Describe product functionality and use, an overview of environmental impacts, creating an environmental and functional profile, finding root causes (c) Describing design criteria, considering consumer needs, functional profile, root causes (d) Describe product functionality, an overview of environmental impacts, creating an environmental profile, finding root causes
d
DfE purpose (a) Investigates environmental impacts of a product through 100 issues that allocate a wide range of environmental and design issue and provides a semi-quantitative analysis of the product design alternatives. (b) Determining key environmental impacts of a product through 100 issues that contribute to key issue during the redesign phase and provides a quantitative analysis of the product design. (c) Investigates environmental impacts of a product through 95 issues that allocate a wide range of environmental and design issue and provides a semi-quantitative analysis of the product design alternatives. (d) Raises questions about the environmental impacts of a product through 100 issues that allocate a wide range of environmental and design issue and provides a semi-quantitative analysis of the product design alternatives.
d
During the "Prioritization of green options," which of the following should NOT be addressed in this step? (a) Company feasibility (b)Societal feasibility (c) Consumer feasibility (d) Smart technological alternatives (e) Environmental feasibility
d
During which phase is Ecodesign PILOT introduced in the top-down approach? (a) Conceptual design (b) Detailed design (c) Planning and clarification (d) Embodiment design
d
During which phase is Fast Five Awareness introduced in the top-down approach? (a) Conceptual design (b) Detailed design (c) Planning and clarification (d) Embodiment design
d
During which phase is LCA introduced in the top-down approach? (a) Conceptual design (b) Detailed design (c) Planning and clarification (d) Embodiment design
d
During which phase is MAAP matrix introduced in the bottom-up approach? (a) Extend material lifetime (b) Minimise energy consumption (c) Fcilitate disassembly (d) Otimise product lifespan
d
Ecodesign (a) a managerial approach that focuses on designing new products from the base looking at the old problem areas. (b) a design approach to determine which aspects within a product the management can determine to be improved upon. (c) a design approach that aims at improving the environmental performance of products by integrating environmental best practices into the design phase of product development. (d) a managerial approach that aims at improving the environmental performance of products by integrating environmental best practices into product development and related processes
d
Ecodesign Directive (a) aims at improving the protection of human health and the environment from the risks that can be posed by chemicals (b) discusses the indication by labeling and standard product information of the consumption of energy (c) aims to prevent the generation of waste electrical and electronic equipment (d) establishes a framework for the setting of ecodesign requirements for energy-related products
d
Ecodesign management practices (a) Activities of product development and identifying environmental profiles. Process-related and attributed to the product design as a whole. (b) Identifying environmental concerns concerning the consumer. Process-related and attributed to specific stages in product development. (c) Activities of product development and identifying environmental concerns. Process-related and attributed to specific stages in product development. (d) Identifying environmental concerns concerning the consumer. Process-related and attributed to the product design as a whole.
d
Environmental requirements of industrial products: OUTPUT? (a) The recycling process (b) Disassembly causing waste materials (c) Providing the customer with the end product. (d) Emitting substances into the environment
d
From the bey et. al, 2013 which was the most values to least values order of environmental concerns? (a) Legal compliance, stakeholders, customers company's strategy, image, don't know, other reasons. (b) Stakeholders, customers company's strategy, legal compliance, image, other reasons, don't know. (c) Stakeholders, customers company's strategy, legal compliance, image, don't know, other reasons. (d) Legal compliance, customers, stakeholders, company's strategy, image, don't know, other reasons.
d
Functional profile (a) Investigates which functions of a product design are the most valued by the customer. (b) Looks at the entire life cycle of a product, such as when, where, why, and for how long a product is used. (c) Determines the primary functions that need to be compromised during design and which functions cause the most environmental damage. (d) Describes and evaluates properties, areas, and activities associated with the product's functionality and commercial viability.
d
In which step of benchmarking is feasibility considered? (a) The choice of products (b) The system definition (c) Comparing and validation of products (d) The review of results
d
Integrative approach (a) 1980's (b) 1990's (c) 2000's (d) 2010's
d
MECO matrix (use) (a) To calculate the CO2 footprint at each life cycle phase to identify how things are changed or expanded in the product life cycle. (b) To determine how various aspects of the product design is directly linked to CO2 emissions. (c) To evaluate the functional unit and find areas of improvement. (d) To estimate the environmental impact of each life cycle phase according to significant impacts to be identified in terms of how things are changed or expanded in the product life cycle.
d
Purpose of AFF: (a) Aims to support the generation of alternative ways of delivering the required functions to the stakeholders. (Breaking down the functional unit and MECO matrix) (b) Consideres alternative redesign options for product delivery for the customers. (Breaking down the functional unit and MECO matrix) (c) Consideres alternative redesign options for product delivery for the customers. (Breaking down the structure and logical and physical characteristics) (d) Aims to support the generation of alternative ways of delivering the required functions to the stakeholders. (Breaking down the structure and logical and physical characteristics)
d
Separable with physical force, though it often occurs that welded components are compatible and in the case of recycling there will be no need for separation (a) Rivets (b) Hot riveting (c) Pressurising systems (d) Welding (e) Solvent welding (f) Adhesive bonding
d
Tools & methods: (a) 1970's - 1980's (b) 1980's - 2000's (c) 1990's - 2010's (d) 1990's - 2000's
d
Top-down approach third aspect? (a) Conceptual design (b) Detailed design (c) Planning and clarification (d) Embodiment design
d
What are reusable goods? (a) CONSUMER GOOD: Goods that consume little to no resources while in use. (b) CONSUMER GOOD: The goal is to minimize their resource consumption in select low-impact resources. (c) DURABLE GOOD: The goal is to minimize their resource consumption in select low-impact resources. (d) DURABLE GOOD: Goods that consume little to no resources while in use.
d
What are the two main parts of the top-down approach (a) Life cycle assessment & clarifying (b) Planning & functional unit (c) Planning life cycle & clarifying hot spots (d) Planning & clarifying
d
What does European Green deal not incorporate: (a) Climate (b) Industry (c) Research (d) Governmental legislation
d
What is "Working stations can handle varying product flow; in this case, there is no limited operational depth since containers can be arranged along the line for collection." (a) Cellular disassembly (b) Assorted products (c) Parallelism (d) Linear Disassembly Different
d
What is cross-cutting issues in environment? (a) Making sure than landfill in one country does not end up in other countries as waste (b) Refer to issues within the same industy (c) Issues that arise when industires design the same products (d) When various environmental and social areas are taken into consideration concurrently
d
What is passive design? (a) "cradle-to-cradle" , circular, product/service (b) Sustainability driving innovation (c) Recognition of pollution effects (d) Little not no awareness of increasing pollution
d
Which are included in the "Other" category of the MECO matrix? (a) Manufacturing plants (b) Corporate Social Responsibility (c) Health and safety (d) All of the above
d
Which aspects are the following: "Manufacturing materials and energy and acquisition of resources" (a) Distribution (b) Utilisation (c) Disposal (d) Pre-production (e) Production
d
Which category does "Check for released components" fall into? (a) Energy (b) Materials/weight (c) Packaging (d) Potentially toxic substances (e) Recyclability
d
Which category does "Presence of PVC" fall into? (a) Energy (b) Materials/weight (c) Packaging (d) Potentially toxic substances (e) Recyclability
d
Which category does "Type of plastics and metals" fall into? (a) Energy (b) Materials/weight (c) Packaging (d) Potentially toxic substances (e) Recyclability
d
Which category does "Use of recycled materials" fall into? (a) Energy (b) Materials/weight (c) Packaging (d) Potentially toxic substances (e) Recyclability
d
Which is NOT one of the areas of comparing products with competition during benchmarking that should show similar chracteristics? (a) Functionality (b) Commersial avaliability (c) Price/ performance ratio (d) Similar consumer profiles and needs (e) Size and product generation
d
Which is NOT true about LCA? (a) A more robust, quantitative and comprehensive tool. (b) Evaluates the environmental attributes of a product, process, or service life cycle. (c) Enables a company to disclose potential 'problem shifting', which occurs when solutions to environmental problems in one stage of a product's life cycle create a new problem elsewhere in the life cycle. (d) Introduces the evaluation of the combination of the environmental and functional profile of a product throughout it's life cycle.
d
Which is not one of the three main elements of the benchmarking theory? (a) The exploitation of the results in the market (b) The benchmark procedure (c) The link to ecodesign (d) The link to environmental profile
d
Which is not related to the secondary flow? (a) Recycling (b) Reuse (c) Remanufacturing (d) Disassembly
d
Which is one is not one of the steps in STRETCH? (a) Identify major forces influencing business (b) Develop scenarios that can be adopted & marketing strategies (c) Specify opportunities for improvements (d) Involving the stakeholders' opinions in the design decision (e) Select challenges to improve products (f) Address selected challenges
d
Which is the correct order of the life cycle mapped out? (a) Pre-production, production, distribution, use, disassembly, disposal. (b) Pre-production, manufracturing, transportation, use, disposal. (c) Extraction of materials, production, distribution, use, disassembly, disposal. (d) Pre-production, production, distribution, use, disposal.
d
Which is the right order of the four elements of bencharking procedure? (a) The system definition, comparing and validation of products, the choice of products, and the review of results. (b) The system definition, the choice of products, comparing and validation of products, and the review of results. (c) Comparing and validation of products, the system definition, the choice of products, and the review of results. (d) The choice of products, the system definition, comparing and validation of products, and the review of results.
d
Which of Optimize product lifetime is NOT right? (a) Design for Appropriate Lifespan (b) Optimize product functionality and durability (c) Facilitate re-use (d) Select renewable and bio-compatible energy sources
d
Which of Select low-impact resources is NOT right? (a) Select non-toxic and harmless resources (b) Select renewable and bio-compatible materials (c) Select renewable and bio-compatible energy sources (d) Design for Appropriate Lifespan
d
Which of the following is not a tool? (a) Ecodesign PILOT (b) LCA (c) STRETCH (d) AFF
d
Which of the following was not directly contaminated in the 1970's as a result of production waste? (a) Soil (b) Air (c) Water (d) Consumer health
d
Which statement is correct? (a) Primary raw materials can be processed at pre-consumption and post-consumption (b) Secondary raw materials can be processed at pre-consumption (c) Primary raw materials can be processed at post-consumption (d) Secondary raw materials can be processed at pre-consumption and post-consumption
d
Which statement is not true, in terms of implications of Life Cycle Design? (a) More complex (b) Unpredictable techno-economical evolution (c) Unpredictable operational technologies for the whole product system (d) None of the above
d
Which statement is true about the functional unit? (a) It is the third criterion in assessing the environmental impact of a product. (b) It is the first criterion in assessing the environmental impact of a product. (c) According to this approach, it is the product that is under assessment using a set of processes to satisfy a certain function. (d) According to this approach, it is not the product that is under assessment but the impact of the set of the processes employed to satisfy a certain function.
d
Which was not one of the benefits of the preventive approach? (a) Reduction of costs for waste treatment and final disposal (b) Improvement of process efficiency, which leads to mimimised resource loss. (c) Compliance with environmental legislation and reduction of risks (d) Customer values (e) Improvement of corporate image
d
Preferable to adhesive bonding as it does not bring along additional materials. (a) Rivets (b) Hot riveting (c) Pressurising systems (d) Welding (e) Solvent welding (f) Adhesive bonding
e
What is NOT true about tradeoffs that might occur between design criteria or even between environmental criteria? (a) Cost (b) Performance (c) Cost (d) Environment (e) All of the above
e
Which aspects are the following: "Finishing, assembly, manufracturing, and re-use and re-manufracturing" (a) Distribution (b) Utilisation (c) Disposal (d) Pre-production (e) Production
e
Which category does "Check for valuable electronics" fall into? (a) Energy (b) Materials/weight (c) Packaging (d) Potentially toxic substances (e) Recyclability
e
Which category does "Disassembly time for selected components" fall into? (a) Energy (b) Materials/weight (c) Packaging (d) Potentially toxic substances (e) Recyclability
e
Which category does "Material recycling efficiency" fall into? (a) Energy (b) Materials/weight (c) Packaging (d) Potentially toxic substances (e) Recyclability
e
Which category does "Mono-materials" fall into? (a) Energy (b) Materials/weight (c) Packaging (d) Potentially toxic substances (e) Recyclability
e
Which category does "Plastics application" fall into? (a) Energy (b) Materials/weight (c) Packaging (d) Potentially toxic substances (e) Recyclability
e
Which category does "Type of connections" fall into? (a) Energy (b) Materials/weight (c) Packaging (d) Potentially toxic substances (e) Recyclability
e
Which is NOT true about VELUX environmental strategy? (a) Innovate sustainable products and secure a responsible business (b) Launched in 2020 (c) Pioneer climate and nature action (d) a 10-year strategy (e) Launched in 2021
e
Which is not one of the five focal issues included in all benchmarking procedures? (a) Packaging (b) Energy (c) Materials (d) Toxic substances (e) Legislation (f) Recyclability
e
Which is not one of the main environmental impacts due to emissions usually connected with different products? (a) Global warming, and ozone layer depetion (b) Eutrophication and acidification (c) Smog and toxic emissions (d) Waste (e) Presence of PVC
e
Induces contaminants and waste, especially when applied to polymers; separable only with physical force. (a) Rivets (b) Hot riveting (c) Pressurising systems (d) Welding (e) Solvent welding (f) Adhesive bonding
f
