PANCREATIC ENZYMES and OTHER ENZYMES OF CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE

• Affected by TRIGLYCERIDES in lipemic samples • Falsely elevated upon administration of MORPHINE and other opiates as painkillers

Laboratory Analysis of amylase

AVOID HEMOLYSIS!!! • Separate serum from RBC after centrifugation • Analyze immediately (within 1-2 hours)

Laboratory Analysis of lipase

• AVOID HEMOLYSIS!!! • Cherry-Crandall Method

Laboratory Analysis of lipase

Red cell HEMOLYSATE (deficiencies) • Serum analysis (elevations)

METHODS OF ANALYSIS: of g6pd

Lipase

• Breakdown of lipids (TRIGLYCERIDES) • More specific to the PANCREAS • Small amounts are seen in stomach and SI

Amylopsin (P)

• Pancreatic Amylase • Secreted from the ACINAR CELLS OF THE PANCREAS most predominant amylase isoenzyme

Acid Phosphatase

• Similar function with ALP but works at different pH and environment

saccharogenic

measures the appearance of the product

amyloclastic

measures the disappearance of starch substrate

chromogenic

measures the increasing color from production of product coupled with a chromogenic dye

PROSTATE, liver, bone, spleen, kidney, ERYTHROCYTES and platelets

Acid Phosphatase tissue source

• Ptyalin (S) Amylopsin (P)

Amylase Isoenzymes

ERYTHROCYTES, Adrenal cortex, Spleen, Thymus, Lymph nodes and Lactating mammary gland

Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase tissue sources

Bessy, Lowry and Brock/Shinowara (405 nm)

Method of Analysis of lipase

• Thymolphthalein monophosphate (E) • α-naphthyl phosphate (K) • L-tartrate • Immunoenzymatic assay (Tandem E)

Modifications to measure Prostatic ACP:

Ptyalin (S)

Salivary Amylase • Secreted from the SALIVARY GLANDS • Also present in fallopian tube and lungs

continuous monitoring (340nm)

coupling of several enzyme systems to monitor amylase activity

Amylase

important enzyme in physiologic digestion of starch smallest enzyme catalyzes the breakdown of starch and glycogen with the activator of ca and cl

Acid Phosphatase

indicates the presence of seminal fluid in the sample it persist only up to 4 days considered as labile enzyme with the ph of 5