PANCREATIC ENZYMES and OTHER ENZYMES OF CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE
• Affected by TRIGLYCERIDES in lipemic samples • Falsely elevated upon administration of MORPHINE and other opiates as painkillers
Laboratory Analysis of amylase
AVOID HEMOLYSIS!!! • Separate serum from RBC after centrifugation • Analyze immediately (within 1-2 hours)
Laboratory Analysis of lipase
• AVOID HEMOLYSIS!!! • Cherry-Crandall Method
Laboratory Analysis of lipase
Red cell HEMOLYSATE (deficiencies) • Serum analysis (elevations)
METHODS OF ANALYSIS: of g6pd
Lipase
• Breakdown of lipids (TRIGLYCERIDES) • More specific to the PANCREAS • Small amounts are seen in stomach and SI
Amylopsin (P)
• Pancreatic Amylase • Secreted from the ACINAR CELLS OF THE PANCREAS most predominant amylase isoenzyme
Acid Phosphatase
• Similar function with ALP but works at different pH and environment
saccharogenic
measures the appearance of the product
amyloclastic
measures the disappearance of starch substrate
chromogenic
measures the increasing color from production of product coupled with a chromogenic dye
PROSTATE, liver, bone, spleen, kidney, ERYTHROCYTES and platelets
Acid Phosphatase tissue source
• Ptyalin (S) Amylopsin (P)
Amylase Isoenzymes
ERYTHROCYTES, Adrenal cortex, Spleen, Thymus, Lymph nodes and Lactating mammary gland
Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase tissue sources
Bessy, Lowry and Brock/Shinowara (405 nm)
Method of Analysis of lipase
• Thymolphthalein monophosphate (E) • α-naphthyl phosphate (K) • L-tartrate • Immunoenzymatic assay (Tandem E)
Modifications to measure Prostatic ACP:
Ptyalin (S)
Salivary Amylase • Secreted from the SALIVARY GLANDS • Also present in fallopian tube and lungs
continuous monitoring (340nm)
coupling of several enzyme systems to monitor amylase activity
Amylase
important enzyme in physiologic digestion of starch smallest enzyme catalyzes the breakdown of starch and glycogen with the activator of ca and cl
Acid Phosphatase
indicates the presence of seminal fluid in the sample it persist only up to 4 days considered as labile enzyme with the ph of 5
