Patho Ch. 14 Questions
A nurse suspects an older adult client is experiencing benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Which question should the nurse ask this client?
"Has the force of your urinary stream decreased?"
After seeking care due to recent history of testicular enlargement and scrotal pain, a 22-year-old college student has been diagnosed with testicular cancer. Which statement by the client indicates the need for further teaching?
"I can't shake this feeling like I've received a death sentence."
The nurse is reviewing the CA-125 test results for a client being treated for ovarian cancer. The client asks why this tumor marker is still being monitored, since the diagnosis has already been established. Which is the nurse's BEST response?
"Monitoring ongoing levels helps inform the effectiveness of your cancer treatment."
A 41-year-old male client is planning on having a vasectomy. While explaining this surgery to the client, the health care worker will include which physiologic principle as the basis for this contraception technique?
"Sperm can no longer pass through the ductus deferens."
After an office visit with her primary health provider, a female client with an elevated CA-125 test result asks the nurse if that means she has ovarian cancer. What is the nurse's BEST response?
"The test is not specific for ovarian cancer but suggests further evaluation to find the cause of the elevation."
The nurse is providing education about the detection of ovarian cancer to a client. Which statement should the nurse include in the teaching?
"This type of cancer is often asymptomatic in the early stages."
A client with a family history of breast cancer has just learned that she carries the BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation. When educating this client about follow-up care, which statement would be MOST appropriate?
"You should have more frequent breast evaluations using an MRI rather than standard mammography."
Which client is MOST at risk for experiencing erectile dysfunction (ED)?
A 54-year-old with history of smoking one pack of cigarettes per day for 30 years
The nurse is caring for a client recently diagnosed with testicular cancer. The nurse evaluates the medical record for which of these diagnostic tests, typically altered in this type of malignancy?
Alpha fetoprotein test
A female client with anorexia nervosa tells the nurse that she has been experiencing amenorrhea. The nurse is aware that this is a result of:
Alteration of critical body fat-to-muscle ratio needed for menses to occur
A woman comes to the clinic with complains of vague, lower abdominal symptoms. Upon physical exam, the healthcare provider recognizes the woman has symptoms of leiomyomas based on which assessment findings? Select all that apply.
Anemia Urinary frequency Rectal Pressure Menorrhagia Abdominal distention
A client has developed a 5-cm Bartholin cyst and is experiencing pain, tenderness, and dyspareunia. Which treatment regi,en is commonly prescribed for this condition? Select all that apply.
Antibiotics Moist heat applications Drainage of cyst
A female client's assessment identifies symptoms of dyspareunia and burning. The nurse is aware that the client may have developed:
Atrophic vaginitis
A 29-year-old client had a Papanicolaou smear performed during her most recent visit to her primary care provider. This diagnostic procedure aims to identify:
Atypical cervix cellular changes
The anatomy of the prostate gland is made up of three concentric areas surrounding the prostatic urethra, into which they open. The nurse understands that an overgrowth of the mucosal glands can cause which disorder in older men?
Benign prostatic hyperplasia
A 59-year-old woman with a recent diagnosis of breast cancer has begun a course of hormone therapy. What is the goal of this pharmacologic treatment?
Blocking effects of estrogen on the growth of malignant cells
A client asks, "What gland is responsible for urethral lubrication during male sexual stimulation?" Which response by the health care provider would be the BEST reply?
Bulbourethral glands
While the nurse is discussing the plan of care with the client, the client asks about nonpharmacologic strategies for managing postmenopausal symptoms. What should the nurse include in the response? Select all that apply.
Dress in layers Avoid spicy foods Perform deep breathing exercises
An overweight 50-year-old client presents with reports of erectile dysfunction (ED). What aspect of the client's health should the nurse PRIORITIZE as most important to assess?
Cardiovascular
Which physiologic changes result in menopause?
Cessation of ovarian function and decreased estrogen levels
The nurse is performing an assessment on a client with a diagnosis of ovarian cancer with metastatic spread. Which treatment should the nurse anticipate for the client? Select all that apply.
Chemotherapy Radiation therapy Surgery
Which risk factor is associated with erectile dysfunction (ED) and considered preventable?
Cigarette smoking
The nurse is assessing a client in the community setting who discloses currently being prescribed antibiotics for pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). Which assessment findings will prompt the nurse to advise the client that hospitalization may be required? Select all that apply.
Client reports a 5 pound weight loss in the past week The client's current oral temperature is 102.6 F Client reports nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea while taking antibiotics
The nurse is caring for a client with impaired ovarian interstitial cell function. Which other finding should the nurse anticipate?
Decreased estrogen
The nurse is caring for a male client whose testes have not descended. Which resulting finding should the nurse anticipate?
Decreased spermatogenesis
Which assessment is most likely to reveal a potential exacerbation in a 70-year-old client's diagnosis of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)?
Digital rectal examination
A client has been diagnosed with an anterior pituitary tumor. Synthesis and release of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) has become deranged. What are the potential consequences of this alteration in endocrine function?
Dysfunction of spermatogenesis
A client comes to the college campus nurse complaining of unilateral pain, swelling, and redness on his scrotal area. The nurse knows these clinical manifestations are likely caused by:
Epididymitis
If a male has a history of impaired blood flow in his vascular system, he may be prone to developing:
Erectile dysfunction
In the complex interaction of the sexual act in males, the nurse is aware that there are four stages involved. Which stage involves shunting of blood into the corpus cavernosum?
Erection
A female client is admitted for lesions on her vulva, which has become infected. The nurse understands that diseases of the external genitalia are similar to which other lesions elsewhere in the body?
Hair-bearing skin
Select the factor that would increase a male's risk for the development of testicular cancer.
History of cryptorchidism
The outpatient nurse is caring for a client whose evaluation resulted in a diagnosis of pelvic inflammatory disease. Concurrent appendicitis, however, could not be excluded. What should the nurse anticipate for the client FIRST?
Hospitalization
A 15-year-old male client reports severe pain in the inguinal area and nausea. What action does the nurse take FIRST?
Inspect the client's genitalia.
A client reporting low abdominal pain, purulent cervical discharge, and painful intercourse is diagnosed with pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). The provider educates the client about this disease mentioning which statement?
Is a polymicrobial infection of the upper reproductive tract
The nurse is caring for a client who has just given birth to a premature neonate with cryptorchidism. What information does the nurse provide to the client?
It is likely the testes will descend by the age of 2 months.
The health care provider suspects a diagnosis of endometriosis. Which procedure provides a definitive diagnosis?
Laparoscopy
A client has been diagnosed with acute cervicitis cause by Chlamydia trachomatis. Which clinical manifestation correlates to this diagnosis?
Mucopurulent drainage
The nurse practitioner is reviewing risk factors for the development of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) with a client. Which information is appropriate to include? Select all that apply.
Multiple sex partners Previous diagnosis of sexually transmitted infection Sexual intercourse before the age of 15 years
Which physiologic process results from the synthesis and release of testosterone?
Musculoskeletal growth
A female client is being seen in the ED with complaints of lower abdominal pain, dyspareunia, back pain, purulent cervical discharge, and the presence of adnexal tenderness and painful cervix on bimanual pelvic examination. The nurse suspects the client has pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), and will assess the client for:
Number of sexual partners
The nurse is assessing a client who exhibits purulent cervical discharge, cervical motion tenderness, fever, and malaise. For which condition should the nurse anticipate treatment?
Pelvic inflammatory disease
The nurse is caring for a client with androgen excess and ovulatory dysfunction. For which condition should the nurse anticipate treatment?
Polycystic ovary syndrome
Which disorder of the female genitourinary system is MOST likely to result from a disruption in normal endocrine function?
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)
Which physiologic process is caused by estrogens?
Promotion of ovarian follicle growth
Select the structure responsible for secreting fructose that will provide energy for spermatic motility.
Seminal vesicles
The nurse is caring for a client with a tumor of the hypothalamus. For which complication should the nurse monitor?
Sex hormone alterations
Which statements are accurate when it comes to changes in the male reproductive system as one ages? Select all that apply.
Sexual energy levels decrease as one ages, with decreasing testosterone levels. The testes become smaller and lose their firmness. The prostate gland enlarges with age
Which factor in the evaluation and treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is considered to be the single MOST important one?
Subjective symptoms reported by the client
The nurse has just completed the admission assessment of a client diagnosed with invasive penile cancer. The MOST likely plan of treatment will be:
Surgical removal of the affected area
What is the most important discharge instruction for a female client with pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)?
Take all of the antibiotic
An obstetrician is explaining the differentiation of embryonic tissue into a fetus to an aspiring class of nursing students. Which hormone is primarily responsible for the development of male sex characteristics?
Testosterone
When explaining polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) to a newly diagnosed client, the health care worker states, "This ovarian dysfunction is caused by:
elevated LH."
Leimyomas are smooth-muscle fibroid tumors that usually develop in which part of the reproductive system?
The corpus of the uterus
The client is experiencing severe signs of urinary obstruction. The client has an existing diagnosis of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Which treatment option will the health care provider MOST likely recommend?
Transurethral prostatectomy
Which complication is associated with prostatic hyperplasia?
Urine retention
A client is experiencing oligomenorrhea. The nurse interprets this as:
infrequent menstruation with periods more than 35 days apart.
During a visit to the health care provider, a client complains of swelling in the scrotum. The health care worker suspects a hydrocele and performs an exam by shining a light through the scrotum. If the hydrocele is dense, the health care worker should:
order an ultrasound or biopsy to rule out testicular cancer
The nurse conducting a class on lactation determines that the participants are understanding the information when they identify that milk is ejected from the breast ductile system in response to:
oxytocin