AWS

PODSCORB (planning, organizing, staffing, directing, coordinating, reporting, budgeting)

Late 1930's firms categorized the different activities of the firm in to the ____________ framework

access to power

Public clouds are popular with small medium businesses = __________

lack of transparency, sharing of computing assets, your competitor could be using the neighboring VM (- how secure?)

Public clouds come at cost of loss of control which includes: (3)

functional silo syndrome

Refers to a focus within divisionalized structure on functional objectives without regard to process objectives; term was coined in 1988 by Phil S. Ensor

mine data and create predictive analytics

The current trend for data is to ___________________ using what they have captured in their corporate ecosystems

hosting

this infrastructure focused cloud computing offering describes physical data centers such as those run by IBM, HP, NaviSite, etc

divisionalized form

this organizational structure is divided into functions or departments and these functions perform specialized tasks or activities' the processes cut across functions

under enterprise control

what is the benefit of a private cloud

none of the above

A focus of a company on functional objectives without regards to process objectives is termed what type of syndrome A) functional fixation B) process execution C) functional optimization D) process silo E) none of the above

an IT resource

A physical or virtual IT-related artifact that can either be software or hardware-base defines:

no additional IT resources are needed

A pro of vertical scaling is: A) IT resources are instantly available B) Less expensive than horizontal scaling C) Not limited by hardware capacity D) No additional IT resources are needed

public cloud

Amazon AWS, Google App Engine, Microsoft 365 etc are all examples of a ___________

a social firm

An organization where nearly all significant business processes enable a partnership with customers, suppliers, and employees that goes beyond traditional organizational boundaries is the definition of:

significant cost savings, hi performance, very flexible

Benefits of computing with a public cloud include (3):

identify a project, put forth capital as a pilot, migrate existing resources, reinvent the rest of the infrastructure

Every organization will have their own approach to the cloud, but start with a process:

platform revolution

IT enables network-based strategies describes what

digital revolution

IT makes pervasive changes in the structure and operation of the economy describes what

information economy

IT used to manage work better describes what kind of economy

industrial economy

IT used to perform existing information work more quickly and efficiently describes what kind of economy

disproportionately

In practice, network based strategy aids smaller firms ___________

API (applications programming interface)

In the context of cloud computing: There platforms hide the complexity and details of the underlying infrastructure from users and applications by providing very simple graphical interface or __________

none of the above

In the early days of technology... A) companies bought off the shelf software B) companies owned multiple mainframes C) companies mined their data and used predictive analytics D) A, B, and C D) none of the above

extra organizational communication

In the evolution of communications: The internet changed everything and made possible __________________

mainframe/early server based computing

In the evolution of communications: ____________ required little infrastructure

corporate infrastructure

In the evolution of communications: client server marked the first transition for ______________

intra company systems and intranets

In the evolution of communications: early communication networks focused upon __________________

IT was used to manage work better

In the information economy... A) IT was used to perform existing information work more quickly and efficiently B) IT was used to manage work better C) IT made pervasive changes in the structure and operation of the economy D) IT enabled network-based strategies

personal computers

The 1980s was the advent of ___________ where there was a computer on every desktop

client server

The 1990s consisted of _________ computing where the "client" machine user interfaces with "server" on the network holding the data and application

shrinking and embedding

The 2000s-current consisted of the ___________ of technology where we saw handheld devices, wireless thin computing, wearable computing and miniaturization of devices

knowledge

The central and productive asset for firms today is:

there is no such things as an IT decision, just business decisions about IT

The golden rule of IT states...

free trade

The modern business era has been marked by _________ globalization

divisionalized

The most common organizational structure is:

cloud resource adminstrator

The person or organization responsible for administering a cloud-based IT resource is:

cloud computing

The practice of using a network of remote servers hosted on the Internet to store, manage and process data defines:

multi-tenancy

The public cloud is a __________ architecture shared by all

firm strategy

The social firm breaks down the barriers between customer and organization and enables the customer to help shape __________

retiring

The step migration option where a firm shuts down their legacy systems is known as...

knowledge

The tenants of power in the current economic era is:

public cloud

The use of AWS is an example of:

old view

described by economies of scale and scope achieved by a market participant, and little integration with players of marketplace

the security and service ownership issues related to the cloud are complex in a cloud environment

There is backlash against the cloud for which of the following reasons? A) the cloud is heterogeneous and is not currently monopolized B) the cloud decreases dependence upon other firms C) data access policies are clearer in the cloud D) the security and service ownership issues related to the cloud are complex in a cloud environment

low cost software

This essential characteristic of cloud computing states that you pay for how much you need and for your consumption and is utility based

mainframe

Through the 1950s-1960s ___________ based computing was used which supported massive batch processing

mid range

Through the mid 1970s ___________ based computing was used where the server size shrank and computing power increased

that a company is currently evaluating their opportunities in the cloud

To embrace a "cloud first" strategy means what?

proprietary systems (pushback for more open source and open systems)

Today, most firms purchase software. The downside is there are more ___________

lower computer costs, improved performance, reduced software costs, instant software updates, improved document format compatibility, unlimited storage capacity, increased data reliability, universal document access, latest version availability, easier group collaboration, device independence

What are the advantages of cloud computing? (11)

dependence on others (limits flexbility and innovation), security, policy and access issues

What are the backlashes against cloud computing

finding it, exposing to appropriate stakeholders, keeping it secure

What are the challenges today for data (3)

Requires a constant internet connection, does not work well with low speed connections, features might be limited, can be slow, stored data might not be secure, stored data can be lost,

What are the disadvantages of cloud computing? (6)

opportunity evaluation, portfolio discovery and planning, application design, migration and validation, operation

What are the five steps to the mass migration approach

globalization, rise of the platform economy, emergence of the social firm, transformation of the business enterprise, and exponential changes in technology

What are the five trends that are shaping the modern business environment

remotely hosted, ubiquitous, commodified

What are the three characteristics that define cloud data, applications services and infrastructure

tangible items (capital, equipment, and buildings)

What were the tenets of power in the industrial age

new view

described by network economies of scale and scope achieved when a community of firms work together, and tight integration with players of marketplace

platform

this infrastructure focused cloud computing offering describes cloud based platforms, typically provided using virtualization, such as Amazon ECC and Sun Grid

homogeneity

Which of the following characteristics of the cloud means that no matter which cloud provider you use, it is easy to work with other providers? A) scalability B) elasticity C) resiliency D) homogeneity

transparency of how IT services are created

Which of the following is not a reason why a company would embrace cloud computing? A) transparency of how IT services are created B) economies of scale C) utility-based pricing D) the availability of data and services everywhere

the rise of the domestic economy

Which of the following is not a trend that is shaping the modern business environment? A) the rise of the domestic economy B) the rise of the platform economy C) the emergence of the social firm D) exponential changes in technology

cost, scalability, and performance

Whilst VM architecture essential, a private cloud will lack benefits of sharing: (3)

client server computing

____________ set the infrastructure in place for systems that worked across the enterprise. Then, more complexity brought more problems and provided the motivation for enterprise-wide systems

cluster

a group of idependent IT resources that are interconnected and work as a single system are known as:

business process

a sequence of tasks or activities that produce desired outcomes

SAAS (software as a service)

cloud computing model where all application components and associated hardware/software outsourced, based on multitenancy, e.g.: Salesforce.com

IAAS (infrastructure as a serice)

cloud computing model where all hardware is outsourced

PAAS (platform as a service)

cloud computing model where application logic and data are managed internally; e.g. Microsoft Azure

ubiquitous

defines cloud data, applications services and infrastructure as services or data that are available from anywhere

remotely hosted

defines cloud data, applications services and infrastructure as services or data that are hosted on remote infrastructure

commodified

defines cloud data, applications services and infrastructure as the result being a utility computing model similar to traditional that of traditional utilities, like gas and electricity - you pay for what you would want

private cloud

not shared - operated solely for a single organization; hosted/non hosted solutions

social firm

organization where nearly all significant business processes enables a partnership with customers, suppliers, and employees that goes beyond traditional organizational boundaries

re factoring

step migration process that involves adding new features now that the resource is in the cloud

repurchasing

step migration process that involves complete change of the resource from on-premise to the cloud (e.g. on-premise CRM to Salesforce)

retain

step migration process that involves doing nothing (for now)

replatforming

step migration process that involves moving resources from in-house to the cloud, but optimize for the cloud

rehosting

step migration process that involves moving resources from in-house to the cloud, with no changes

retire

step migration process that involves shutting down legacy system

global workgroups

technology enables global collaboration in far flung teams; No longer tied to geographical location or time zones - this is a true 24 hour firm

global marketplace

the entire world has become the marketplace; technology allows companies and individuals to work and source goods and services globally

cloud computing

the practice of using a network of remote servers hosted on the Internet to store, manage, and process data rather than a local server or a personal computer

metcalfe's law

the value of a telecommunications network is proportional to the square of the number of connected users of the system (n^2)

application

this application focused cloud computing offering describes cloud based software that eliminates the need for local installation such as Google Apps and Microsoft Online

services

this application focused cloud computing offering describes complete business services such as Paypal, OpenID, OAuth, Google Maps, and Alexa

development

this application focused cloud computing offering describes software development platforms used to build custom cloud based applications (PAAS & SAAS) such as SalesForce

scalability

this essential characteristic of cloud computing allows for traffic spikes and minimizes delays

elasticity

this essential characteristic of cloud computing allows for workload changes by provisioning and de-provisioning resources in an automatic manner, such that at each point in time the available resources match the current demand as closely as possible

resource pooling

this essential characteristic of cloud computing describes a multi tenant model; examples of this includes storage, processing, memory, network bandwidth, and virtual machines

broad network access

this essential characteristic of cloud computing describes how capabilities are availble over the network and accessed through standard mechanisms that promote use by heterogeneous thin or thick client platforms (e.g., mobile phones, laptops, and PDAs)

measured service

this essential characteristic of cloud computing describes how cloud systems automatically control and optimize resource use by leveraging a metering capability at some level of abstraction appropriate to the type of service (e.g., storage, processing, bandwidth, and active user accounts).

self service

this essential characteristic of cloud computing describes when a consumer can unilaterally provision computing capabilities, such as server time and network storage, as needed automatically without requiring human interaction with each service's provider

security

this essential characteristic of cloud computing is responsibility of the vendor

resiliency

this essential characteristic of cloud computing mirrored solutions to minimize downtime in the event of a disaster; it also gives businesses the sustainability they need during unanticipated events

geographic distribution

this essential characteristic of cloud computing shows that there is a sense of location independence in that the customer generally has no control of knowledge over the exact location of the provided resources but may be able to specify location at a higher level of abstraction (e.g. country, state, or datacenter)

homogeneity

this essential characteristic of cloud computing states that no matter which cloud provider and architecture an organization uses, an open cloud will make it easy for them to work with other groups, even if those other groups choose different providers and architectures

management control

this group deals with tactical issues and the execution of organizational policy

operational control

this group focuses on the day-to-day operations of the company

strategic control

this group includes CEOs and Presidents and deals with long-term strategy

storage

this infrastructure focused cloud computing offering describes data storage or cloud based NAS such as CTERA, iDisk, CloudNAS