Patho Chapter 14 practice questions

A client is experiencing a cluster headache. The client would most likely manifest what?

Severe pain behind the eye

In describing the ideal analgesic, what factors would be included? Select all that apply -inexpensive -effective -have minimal adverse effects -addictive -decrease the level of consciousness

-inexpensive -effective -have minimal adverse effects

A client with pneumonia is admitted with these vital signs: temupature 99.7, pulse 80 beats/min, respirations 18/ min, and BP 120/80 mm HG. which set of vital signs does the nurse anticipate when the client begins to shiver and requests another blanket several hours later? a. T 98.4, P 82/min, R 16/min, BP 106/70 mmHg b. T 100.9, p 90/min, R 20/min, BP126/80 mm Hg c. T 97.2, P 70/min, R 12/min, BP 114/60 mmHg d. T 99.7, P 86/min, R 18/min, BP 130/82 mmHg

T 100.9, p 90/min, R 20/min, BP126/80 mm Hg

A nurse is planning care fro a client coming into the emergency department via ambulance on a hot summer day with the following symptoms: temperature of 105, absence of sweating, and loss of consciousness. The nurse anticipates that the client has which condition? a. heat exhaustion b. heatstroke c. blunted febrile response d. hyperthermia

heatstroke

with which activity would a client experiencing astereognosis need help? a. recognizing faces b. identifying an object by touch c. chewing and swallowing food d. maintaining bladder continence

identifying an object by touch

The nurse learns that different types of headaches respond to different therapies. which headache is most responsive to non pharmacological therapy? a. Tension b. Cluster c. Sinus d. Migrane

tension

The nurse on the pediatric unit is implementing distraction strategies for a child who is experiencing pain. Which strategies would be best fro the nurse to implement? Select all that apply. -Acetaminophen -silence -music -television -games -bubbles

-music -television -games -bubbles

The route considered the most accurate to measure a core body temperature is: a. rectal b. Thermosensoral (BLADDER) c. Thermodilutional (pulmonary artery) d. esophageal

Rectal

when assessing a newborn (7 days old), which finding indicated the infant may have a bacterial infection? a. report of headache b. rectal temperature of 100.4 c. frequent liquid stools d. respiratory rate of 40 breaths/min

Rectal temp of 100.4

client has a fever that was induced by damage to the hypothalamus due to intercarinal bleeding. The nurse plans care for which type of fever? a. neurogenic b. systemic c. intrinsic d. exogenous

a. neurogenic

A client is experiencing anorexia, myalgia, arthralgia, headache, and fatigue. The nurse should assess for: a. temperature b. urinary output c. respirations d. hypothermia

a. temperature

The nurse is working with a client who has been diagnosed with recurring migraine headaches. Which advice by the nurse is most appropriate? a. "many people find that maintaining regular eating and sleeping habits is beneficial." b. "Migraines are poorly understood and are generally considered unavoidable, so always have your medications with you." c. "its likely in your best interest to move to a rural setting and explore getting a less stressful job." d. migraine headaches usually respond poorly to medication, so I can help you explore nonpharmacologic options."

a. "many people find that maintaining regular eating and sleeping habits is beneficial."

Which client may be experiencing the effects of neuropathic pain? a. a man with pain secondary to his poorly controlled diabetes b. a girl whose playground accident resulted in an arm fracture c. an older adult women with a stage III pressure injury d. a man whose pain is caused by gastric cancer

a. a man with pain secondary to his poorly controlled diabetes

A nurse who is testing a clients response to passive movement of the fingers with the clients eyes closed notes that the client cannot accurately identify on which side the movement occurred or in what position the finger was placed. What is an appropriate interpretation of this result? a. abnormal discrimination pathway function b. normal reflex function c. that the sense of proprioception is intact d. intact thermal sensations

a. abnormal discrimination pathway function

Non-shivering thermogenesis occurs in which of the following to help the newborn infant fight hypothermia? a. brown fat b. subcutaneous tissue c. epidermis d. adipose tissue

a. brown fat

The loss of heat from the body through the circulation of air currents is known as: a. convection b. conduction c. radiation d. evaporation

a. convection

A nurse assessing an older adult for signs and symptoms of infection in the absence of fever should assess for which of the following? elect all that apply. a. decreased mental status b. fatigue c. weight gain d. depression e. change in functional capacity

a. decreased mental status b. fatigue e. change in functional capacity

The term hypothermia occurring following subversion in cold water is associated with acute asphyxia. Children have been reported to survive after being submerged from 10 to 40 minutes. The situation is believed to be possible because of the rapid cooling process following a particular reflex. What is the name of the reflex? a. diving reflex b. bainbridge reflex c. oculocephalic reflex d. moro reflex

a. diving reflex

What is the most common cause of drug fever? a. hypersensitivity reaction to medication b. increased heat production form PTU c. serotonin syndrome d. impaired peripheral heat dissipation by atropine

a. hypersensitivity reaction to medication

The nurse knows that chronic pain lacks which of the following characteristic pain-related reactions? a. increased heart rate b. depression c. loss of appetite d. disturbed sleep patterns

a. increased heart rate

A febrile, 3-week-old infant is currently undergoing a diagnostic workup to determine the cause of the fever. Which statement best conveyed the rationale for this careful examination? a. infants are susceptible to serious infection because of their decreased immune function b. fever in infants is often evidence of a congenital disorder rather than an infection c. commonly used antipyretics often have no effect on the core temperature of infants d. the immature hypothalamus is unable to perform normal thermoregulation

a. infants are susceptible to serious infection because of their decreased immune function

A client who has been exercising for a few weeks begins to sweat as soon as he exercises. What will the nurse determine from this assessment? a. the client is reacting normally b. the client should rest before continuing c. the client is not able to tolerate activity d. the client has a fever

a. the client is reacting normally

A student is feeling inside her backpack to find her phone. there are a number of other items in the backpack. Which component of somatosensory condition is most likely to provide the detailed sensory information that will help her distinguish her phone from other items? a. the primary role dorsal room ganglion neuron, dorsal column neuron, and the thalamic neuron b. a bilateral, multi-synaptic, slow-conduction tract c. the opposite anterolateral pathway that travels to the reticular activation system d. a slow- conduction pathway that projects objects into the intramuscular nuclei of the thalamus

a. the primary role dorsal room ganglion neuron, dorsal column neuron, and the thalamic neuron

A client who had therapeutic hypothermia during cardiothoracic surgery is being gradually rewarmed. What is the highest priority nursing goal? a. to prevent shivering b. to stimulate mental function c. to increase vasodilation d. to control pain

a. to prevent shivering

children feel pain just as much as adults do. What is the major principle in pain management in the pediatric population? a. treatment on individual basis and match analgesic agent with cause and level of pain b. always use nonpharmacologic pain management before using pharmacologic pain management c. treat pediatric pain the way the parents want it treated d. base treatment of pain on gender and age groups

a. treatment on individual basis and match analgesic agent with cause and level of pain

An emergency nurse working in a military hospital admits a new military recruit who collapsed during a heavy training exercise in the desert. The skin is most, the pulse is 120 beats/ minute, and the respirations are 28/minute. what interventions will the nurse implement? select all that apply. a. Immerse client in an ice bath b. Keep the environment cool c. Administers dantrolene d. provide fluid resuscitation e. remove clients heavy clothing

b. Keep the environment cool d. provide fluid resuscitation e. remove clients heavy clothing

What will the nurse teach a client with bigeminal neuralgia about the condition? a. it is good to spend time alone everyday b. carbamazepine is a fist line treatment c. surgery will relieve the condition d. avoid eating if it triggers the pain

b. carbamazepine is a fist line treatment

Which risk factor presents the greatest risk for injury in an older adult who is experiencing a dysfunction in temperature regulator function? a. Acute dementia b. delayed initiation of appropriate treatment c. misdiagnosis of pathology d. acute renal failure

b. delayed initiation of appropriate treatment

A client has been diagnosed with osteomyelitis and admitted to the hospital. The clients fever persists throughout most of the day but returns to normal at least twice a day. which pattern of fever is this client displaying? a. erratic b. intermittent c. relapsing d. remittent

b. intermittent

What will conduct injurious stimuli to alert the body to potential damage? a. odorant b. nociceptors c. thermoreceptors d. proprioceptors

b. nociceptors

A 33-year-old client is brought into the emergency room with a core temperature of 39*C (102.2*F). The client is red in the face, chest, and back due to significant cutaneous vasodilation. The client is likely in which stage of fever? a. fourth b. third c. first d. second

b. third

A client comes to the clinic for evaluation of a sharp, intermittent, severe, stabbing facial pain that she describes as "like an electric shock." The pain occurs on only one side of her face. It seems to be triggered when she chews, brushes her teeth, or sometimes when she merely touches her face. Often it is accompanied by involuntary grimacing. What diagnosis is most likely? a. Complex regional pain syndrome b. trigeminal neuralgia c. migraine headache d. postherpetic neuralgia

b. trigeminal neuralgia

Infants are at a greater risk of hypothermia than children because of which of the following? a. an increased thickness of subcutaneous fat at birth b. the inability of infants to state that they are cold c. a high ratio of surface are to body mass d. their inability to remove clothing

c. a high ratio of surface are to body mass

A nurse is caring for a client with hypothermia anticipates that the clients temperature will be: a. Below 100 b. below 97 c. below 95 d. below 104

c. below 95

Which principles should underlie the pain control strategy in the care of a child with a diagnosis of cancer? a. opioids should be avoided in order to prevent liver and kidney insult b. drugs from numerous classifications should be used to maximize pain control c. dosing and timing should aim for a steady serum level of the prescribed drug d. doses of analgesia should be given only when the clients pain becomes severe

c. dosing and timing should aim for a steady serum level of the prescribed drug

A client has recently been diagnosed with chronic back pain that requires the daily use of hydromorphone, an opioid analgesic. For the first few weeks, the client achieved relief with 4mg every 6 hours. However, the client now requires 6mg doses to achieve the same effect. How should the nurse best interpret this phenomenon? a. the client is exhibiting the early signs of opioid addiction b. the opioid should likely be replaced with a non steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) c. the client is developing opioid tolerance, which is expected d. the clients medication should be replaced with nonpharmacologic interventions

c. the client is developing opioid tolerance, which is expected

A nurse is assessing an older adult 3 hours postoperative notes guarding, grimacing, and stiff body movement when changing positions. The client denies feeling pain. Which response will help the nurse best manage this clients pain? a. "you just had surgery. are you sure you are not having any pain?" b. "Are you affrays of becoming addicted if I give you any pain medication?" c. "I can come back in an hour to see is you are having any pain the." d. "You seem to be uncomfortable. Pin is common with surgery. I can bring you pain medication."

d. "You seem to be uncomfortable. Pin is common with surgery. I can bring you pain medication."

When conducting a health assessment that focuses in the pain experienced by an older client diagnosed with early dementia, the nurse will pay particular attention to which of the following? a. cultural beliefs held by the client regarding the case of pain b. the clients verbal perception of pain c. the clients comfort level regarding the discussion of pain d. behavioral signs of pain demonstrated by the client

d. behavioral signs of pain demonstrated by the client

A client reports a sudden intense headache. Which factor would indicate the presence of a possible subarachnoid hemorrhage? a. sleep disturbance at night b. history of smoking c. family history of migraine d. intractable pain

d. intractable pain

Which intervention is usually the first lien of therapy when treating moderate pain in the older adult population? a. muscle relaxants like cyclobenzaprine b. antihistamines like diphenhydramine c. opioids such as codeine d. nonopioids such as acetaminophen

d. nonopioids such as acetaminophen

When testing nociceptive stimuli to elicit a withdrawal reflex in the body, what stimuli are commonly used? a. a damp cotton ball at skin temperature b. water heated to 5C above skin temperate c. weak electrical current d. pressure from a sharp object

d. pressure from a sharp object

When a person is strung on the index finger by a bee, if only the thalamus are is available to interpret the pain, which description of the pain location is most correct? a. a spot on the index finger b. attributable to a bee sting c. similar to a previous bee sting d. somewhere on the hand

d. somewhere on the hand

While sponging a client who has a high temperature, the nurse observes the client begins to shiver. At this point, the priority nursing intervention would be to: a. place a heated electric blanket on the clients bed b. administer an extra dose of aspirin c. increase the room temperature by turning off the air conditioner and continue sponging the client with warmer water d. stop sponging the client and retake a set of vital signs

d. stop sponging the client and retake a set of vital signs

A recovery room nurse monitoring a client fro adverse effects of cold cardiplegia assesses for: a. Postoperative migrane b. ventricular dysrhythmia c. postoperative anxiety d. increased inter cranial pressure

ventricular dysrhythmia