Patho Quiz #1

Chronic overactivation of adaptive regulatory physiologic systems that increases susceptibility to disease is

allostatic overload

The cortisol effect on protein metabolism is ______ in the liver and _______ in muscle and other tissues.

anabolic; catabolic

The primary adaptive purpose of the substances produced in the alarm stage is

energy and repair

Which is not normally secreted in response to stress?

insulin

A patient has been exposed to COVID-19 but is not yet demonstrating signs of this disease. This stage of illness is called the ______ stage.

latent

Many of the responses to stress are attributed to activation of the sympathetic nervous system and are mediated by

norepinephrine

Which of the following stress-induced hormones increase blood glucose? (Select all that apply)

norepinephrine; cortisol; epinephrine

Persistence of the alarm stage will ultimately result in

permanent damage and death

A 17-year-old college bound student receives a vaccine against an organism that causes meningitis. This is an example of

primary prevention

Indicators that an individual is experiencing high stress include all of the following except

pupil constriction

The stage during which the patient functions normally even though the disease processes are well established is called

subclinical

After experiencing a heart attack, a patient is instructed to take cholesterol lowering medication. This is an example of

tertiary prevention

Allostasis is best defined as

the overall process of adaptive change necessary to maintain survival and well-being

Selye's phases of the stress response include which of the following? (Select all that apply)

alarm; resistance; exhaustion

Which of the following is an example of the clinical manifestation known as a sign?

dislocated elbow

Which of the following is an example of primary prevention?

education about healthy diet and regular physical exercise

A disease that is native to a particular location is called

endemic

Your patient was recently exposed to a group A hemolytic Streptococcus and subsequently developed a pharyngeal (throat) infection. You examine him and note a temperature of 102.3º F, a skin rash, dysphagia (difficulty swallowing), and a reddened throat with multiple white pustules. He complains of a sore throat, body aches, and joint stiffness. The throat culture is positive for Streptococcus and antibiotics have been prescribed. The etiology of your patient's illness is

genetic susceptibility

Socioeconomic factors influence disease development because of (select all that apply)

hygiene; environmental toxins; overcrowding; nutrition

The effects of excessive cortisol production include

immune suppression