Pathology--Final

An inflammatory exudate caused by pneumococcus causing the affected lung to appear solid of radiopaque is called:

alveolar pneumonia

Pneumococcal infection causing affected lung alveoli to apprear solid

alveolar pneumonia

External respiration takes place within the:

alveoli

Thymoma is a lesion in the _______ mediastinum:

anterior

The lung disease that is a highly volatile microbe because of its ease of transmission and high fatality rate is:

anthrax

Esophageal or gastric contents in the lung causes pneumonia

aspiration pneumonia

Common allergens causing a widespread narrowing of the airways are:

asthma

A condition of diminished air within the lung associated with reduced lung volume is:

atelectasis

All pyogens have the ability to invade blood vessels to produce

bacteremia

Staph infection originating in the bronchi or broncial mucosa

bronchopneumonia

The general term used to describe obstruction of the airways leading to an ineffective exchange of respiratory gases is:

chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

The hereditary disease process characterized by the excretion of viscous mucus blocking the air passage is:

cystic fibrosis

A crippling and debilitating condition resulting from trapped air causing a loss of elasticity on the alveoli and a dramatic increase in lung air volume is called:

emphysema

Infected fluid of frank pus in the pleural space is an:

empyema

A rare congenital abnormality in which one or both diaphragms are poorly developed and too weak to permit abdominal contents upward movement is:

eventration

An especially common systemic manifestation of acute inflammation is

fever

The newborn who experiences underaeration of the lungs resulting from lack of surfactant has:

hyaline membrane disease

Manifestations of disease caused by physicians and their treatment are called

iatrogenic

A localized area of ischemic necrosis within a tissue or organ produced by vascular occlusion

infarct

The initial response of body tissue to local injury

inflammmation

Viral of fungal infection preponderantly in the alveoli

interstitial pneumonia

A lung abscess is an:

necrotic area containing purulent material

The serous membrane lining that adheres to the chest wall is the:

parietal pleura

Which type of internal device is used for chemotherapy and long-term venous access?

peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC)

The earliest sign of this disease process is fluid accumulation leading to blunting of the normal sharp angle between the diaphragm and the rib cage:

pleural effusion

Air in the cavity surrounding the lung is known as:

pneumothorax

Thrombi that develop in the deep venous system of the lower extremity and are trapped in the lung circulation are:

pulmonary emboli

Histoplasmosis and coccidioidomycosis are examples of:

pulmonary mycoses

Symptoms are the______ of the disease process

subjective

For what purpose is a chest radiograph obtained after endotracheal tube insertion?

to insure proper placement/position

Sharply circumscribed encapsulation if the tuberculosis bacilli is known as an:

tuberculoma

Inflammation caused by bacillus (mycobacterium) resulting in lesions ( or cavities) that may calcify and are usually found in the apicies is known as:

tuberculosis

Croup is a:

viral infection of the subglottic region of the trachea

Which of the following complications may occur as a result of central venous catheter insertion or misplacement?

1. pneumothorax 2. air embolism 3. puncture of the subclavian artery (All of the above) D. 1,2 and 3

To best demonstrate fluid levels in a chest x-ray:

1. the patient should be upright for a minimum of 5 minutes 3. a horizontal x-ray beam is used E. 1 and 3 only