Pathophysiology Unit 1 and 2

A patient has been exposed to meningococcal meningitis, but is not yet demonstrating signs of this disease. This stage of illness is called the _____ stage.

Latent

Which is normally secreted in response to stress?

Norepinephrine Cortisol Epinephrine

After suffering a heart attack, a middle-aged man is counseled to take a cholesterol-lowering medication. This is an example of

Tertiary Prevention

Many of the responses to stress are attributed to activation of the sympathetic nervous system and are mediated by

norepinephrine.

When the cause is unknown, a condition is said to be ________.

Idiopathic

Selye's three phases of the stress response include

Alarm, Resistance and Exhaustion

The primary adaptive purpose of the substances produced in the alarm stage is

Energy and repair

Persistence of the alarm stage will ultimately result in

Permanent damage and death

A 17-year-old college-bound student receives a vaccine against an organism that causes meningitis. This is an example of

Primary Prevention

A patient with high blood pressure who is otherwise healthy is counseled to restrict sodium intake. This is an example of

Secondary Prevention

The nurse is swabbing a patient's throat to test for streptococcal pharyngitis. The nurse must understand that tests such as this differ in the probability that they will be positive for a condition when applied to a person with the condition; this probability is termed ________.

Sensitivity

The stage during which the patient functions normally, although the disease processes are well established, is referred to as

Subclinical

Indicators that an individual is experiencing high stress include

tachycardia. diaphoresis. increased peripheral resistance.

All the following stress-induced hormones increase blood glucose

cortisol. norepinephrine. epinephrine.

Allostasis is best defined as

the overall process of adaptive change necessary to maintain survival and well-being.