Pediatric unit questions for test

a child is diagnosed with wilms tumor. in planning teaching interventions, what key point should the nurse emphasize to the parents?

do not put pressure on the abdomen

what are the most common clinical manifestations regarding septic arthritis?

erythematous joints, edematous joints, warm to the touch

cerebral palsy

is the most common permanent physical disability of childhood. occurs more often in boys than girls, is a general term for non progressive disorders of motorneuron impairment that results in motor dysfunction.

who has the highest risk of getting hirschsprungs disease?

male 2nd child with infected sibling

what is the most common cause of bronchitis?

rhinovirus

Parents of a 1 year old child with septic arthritis asks the nurse "how is this disease acquired?" the most appropriate nursing response would be?

septic arthritis is typically caused by ear infections, bites, infected wounds, and open fractures

as a nurse caring for a 4 month old patient, which lab test would you be looking for encephalitis?

serologic test

a young child has been demonstrating some strange behaviors that has prompted a hospital visit. what disorder would alert the nurse to consider cerebral palsy as the possible culprit?

spasticity, dyskinesia, ataxia

what procedure is most likely used to test meningitis?

spinal tap

SIDS

sudden infant death syndrome, suddent unexpected death of an apparently healthy, normal infant younger than 1 year, in which a postmortem exam and review of case history fail to establish a cause of death.

symptoms for acute bronchiolitis include

tachycardia, tachypnea, low grade fever, fine rales

a nurse is assessing a 3 week old infant who is being admitted to the pediatric wing with hydrocephalus. what findings identify a complication that requires immediate attention?

tense, bulging anterior fontanel

what is the major cause of leukemia?

the cause is unknown

a newly diagnosed CP patient is in the doctors office with their parents. these are indications the parents understand the diagnosis

the child will benefit from occupational, speech, hearing and physical therapy, the physical appearance of the child will improve, the child will need a high calorie diet due to spasticity.

the LPN is going over a teaching plan with the parents of a child hirschsprungs disease. which parental statement best describes the disease?

the colon has a section that lacks nerves and prevents normal bowel movements.

a mother brings her 9 month old daughter into the ER, she is complaining that her daughter is having seizures, the mother is concerned because they are taking her for a CSF culture, which is the best response from the nurse?

the doctors are testing her to see if a virus has entered the CNS

encephalitis

the inflammation of the C N S, mainly the brain and spinal cord

a chest x0ray comes back on a yr old girl suspected of having bronchitis and it appears to be negative, the nurse knows that this means?

the negative chest x-ray does not rule out bronchitis

hernias

the protrusion of an organ or portions of an organ through a structural defect or weakened muscle wall.

a pediatric patient has received a diagnosis of wilms tumor. which statement regarding wilms tumor is true?

the tumor manfests as a firm, nontender, intra-abdominal mass

which observation by the nurse indicates that the parents understand how to minimize the risk of aspiration?

they burp the newborn frequently during feedings

a nurse is planning care for a child with acute bacterial meningitis. based on the mode of transmission of this infection, which o the following would be included in the plan of care?

maintain respiratory isolation precuations for at least 24 hours after the initiation of antibiotics

what is the most important nursing intervention in dealing with children with any type of childhood cancer?

making yourself available to the family

all of the following patients have a risk of being diagnosed with R D S

male 1st born of a diabetic mother, female baby born at 40 weeks, 3rd born child whos brother had R D S

a 4 years old has a right nephrectomy to remove a wilms tumor, the nurse know that it is essential to

prevent urinary tract infections

the nurse is educating a parent about the post op care of an infant after cleft lip surgery. what is proper teaching for this care?

preventing aspiration is the most important goal, infant can be placed on the right side after feeding, gradually introduce liquids and progress to formula

respiratory distress syndrome

pulmonary immaturity in premature infants-underdeveloped lungs

a premature baby was born just 3 hours ago and soon becomes diagnosed with R D S, what symptoms would the baby show?

rapid breathing, skin appears blue, nasal flaring

what age group is mostly affected by encephalitis?

0-2 yrs

when a patient has scoliosis, what degree of curvature requires surgical intervention?

40 degrees

what increases the risk of SIDS?

bed sharing

cleft lip cleft palate

facial malformations that occur during embryologic development

a young student is admitted with dark urine, fever, and flank pain and is diagnosed with acute glomerulonephritis. which would most likely be in he students health history?

recent sore throat

what percentage of children with acute bronchiolitis need intubation?>

10%

what age range are children screened for scoliosis?

10-15 years of age

which child is more susceptible to getting bronchitis?

24 month old

the nurse is instructing the mother of a 6 yr old DM patient on the administering of humulin NPH insulin. the nurse teaches the mother that most likely time for hypoglycemic reaction to occur is

4-12 hours after admin

how much has the rate of mortality associated with SIDS declined since 1990?

50%

the nurse is evaluating the status of a 3 yr old boy. the nurse would suspect the client is developing meningitis if the client exhibits

a positive Brudzinki's sign-bending of the patients neck, causes flexion of the knee and hip

diabetes mellitus type 1

a syndrome characterized by a deficiency of insulin that results in alterations, in protein, carbohydrate, and fat metabolism. type 1 diabetes mellitus is the endocrine disorder most frequently diagnosed in children

the most common cause of acute bronchiolitis is

a virus

most of the time scoliosis is idiopathic in nature, when an underlying cause is suspected, such as a tumor. what types of testing are done?

M R I, C T, Bone Scam

a new mother has been reading up on CP and is worried she seems some of its manifestations in her young child. what diagnostic tests might be done at the medical facility to determine in her suspicions are correct?

MRI, CT, EEG, serum metabolic screening

what types of braces are used to treat scoliosis?

Milwaukee brace, must wear for 23 out of 24 hours.

what virus is most commonly attributed to acute bronchiolitis?

R S V

all of the following tests are used to diagnose septic arthritis

X-ray. Gram stain exam, Blood culture

a nurse is taking care of a home care patient with CP. At dinner the nurse notices the child having difficulty eating on his own. what can the nurse do to help the patient have an easier time with this task?

adaptive eating utensils to promote independence

Scoliosis

an abnormal lateral curvature of the spine

meningitis

an infection of the meninges, most common type Is bacterial meningitis and effects mostly children under 5 yrs of age, causes fever, vomiting, headache, irritability, photophobia, nuchal rigidity

acute bronchitis

an inflammatory injury of the bronchioles that is usually caused by a virus

first time parents of an R D S patient seem distraught and anxious that it is all their fault their baby ended up this way. as a nurse what is the best way to approach the parents?

ask the parents to express anxieties and concerns and listen

the client has been diagnosed with to have glomerulonephritis. what should the nurse observe for in the urine?

blood

with a diaphragmatic hernia, breath sounds will or will not be present?

breath sounds will be present

what is the main cause of SIDS?

cause is unknown

a 3 yr old boy is brought to the ER, after assessing the patient the nurse suspects bronchitis. what diagnostic test may confirm the nurses suspicion?

chest x-ray

all of the following are tests used to diagnose R D S

chest x-ray, arterial blood analysis, laboratory blood tests,

when teaching parents regarding home care management, what is the primary concern?

compliance with ABT regimen

Hirschsprungs disease

developmental disorder that affects the large intestine and causes issues with passing stools. the ganglia fail to finish forming in the colon, stopping peristalsis and creating a functional obstruction.

all are symptoms of hirschsprungs disease

distended abdomen, flatulence, vomiting

the following class of drugs are to be administered to your newborn who has been diagnosed with hydrocephalus?

diuretics

what are some measures a pregnant woman can take to help prevent the development of cleft lip/palate?

do not drink alcohol, exercise daily, no smoking, maintain adequate diet with folic acid

a family just lost their child to SIDS, how do you assist the family with coming to terms with the loss?

ensure their last moments are quiet, peaceful and meaningful

classic symptoms of meningitis usually include

fever, headache, stiff neck

a child comes in with a diagnosis of septic arthritis, what areas of the body should the nurse expect to be affected?

fingers and toes, wrists and ankles, shoulder

nurse reviews a 3 week olds infants records and see the physician document a suspected diagnosis of hirschsprungs disease. what symptom led parents to seek health care?

foul smelling, ribbon like stools

clinical manifestations of acute glomerulonephritis include which of the following?

hematuria, and proteinuria

which statement made by the mother of a 5 yr old patient with type diabetes indicates a need for further teaching?

his pancreas is sick and needs insulin to get better

a mother brings her 4 yr old son into the ER. after being assessed, he has signs and symptoms of vomiting, dysphasia, dyspnea, GERD, respiratory distress and bleeding. what hernia may he have based on these symptoms?

histal

what is another clinical name for water on the brain?

hydrocephalus

what is the difference between strangulated hernia and incarcerated hernias?

incarcerated hernias cannot be reduced manually

a breathing machine would only be used on an infant if

increased levels of CO2 in arteries, decreased levels of O2 in arteries, Low blood PH, repeated pauses in breathing

what is often the first clinical manifestation of leukemia

infection

septic arthritis

infection of a joint possibly arising from bacteria in the blood

acute glomerulonephritis

inflammation of the glomeruli of the kidney. most commonly occurs after the pneumococcal, streptococcal, or viral infection

all of the following are types of hernias

inguinal, umbilical, hiatal

how is an umbilical hernia diagnosed?

inspection and palpation of abdomen

bronchitis

is an inflammation of the large airways, the trachea and the bronchi

hydrocephalus

is an over abundance of cerebral spinal fluid within the cranial vault flows around the brain through passageways called ventricles, causing sever edema

the nurse is answering questions from a parent whose child has acute glomerulonephritis. which statement of the disease is the most accurate?

it occurs after an antecedent streptococcal infection

during the acute stage of meningitis, a 3yr old child is restless and irritable. which of the following would be most appropriate to institute?

keeping extraneous noise to a minimum

what would be the medication of choice for a child with hirschsprungs disease?

laxative

the physician thinks the patients leukemia has infiltrated his CNS. which diagnostic test would he be most likely to order?

lumbar puncture

when caring for an 8 month old infant who just underwent surgery to repair a cleft palate, what is the priority intervention?

maintain adequate nutrition

while taking care of your patient with abnormal lab results, which infection should you ask the parents if their child has been exposed to recently?

measles

what is the most important assessment techniques used on a neonate that has hydrocephalus?

measurement of head circumference

which medication is used with caution when treating encephalitis?

morphine

wilms tumor -nephroblastoma

most common renal and intra-abdominal malignant tumor of childhood, manifest as enlarging, asymptomatic, and firm abdominal masses, metastasis causes dyspnea, cough, and chest pain

parents of a 15 yr old adolescent female take their child in for a routine physical. the child is diagnosed with scoliosis. what comment made by the parents tells the nurse that there is a need for further teaching?

my child definitely needs surgery to correct this disorder

before surgery, which utensil is best for the nurse to use when feeding the infant with the cleft lip that extends to the lip into the gum line?

nipple with enlarged hole

when caring for a patient who is 2 1/2 years old and has wilms tumopr, what assessment is most likely to reveal clinical manifestations of the disease?

palpation of the abdomen

a 7 yr old is brought to the pediatricians office when the parent notes the child is voiding dark colored urine. which finding indicates that a school age child has acute glomerulonephritis?

periorbital edema

diagnostic test for acute bronchiolitis includes all of the following

physical exam, chest x-ray, CBC

what should not be used in the crib with infants?

pillows, quilts, soft bedding, stuffed animals

the first time parents are given specific instructions for their child regarding interventions to prevent scalp breakdown. what is the specific measure to ensure skin integrity?

place sheep skin pad under the childs head

an 8 yr old patient was admitted into the hospital with s/s of diabetes mellitus. what findings is the nurse most likely to observe in this child?

polydipsia, urine retention,

a nurse should recognize which symptom as a primary sign of DM

polyuria

What medical management would be appropriate during the induction phase of therapy for leukemia?

prednisone, vincristine, L-asparaginase, Doxorubicin

the mother of a child diagnosed with a wilms tumor says to the nurse "i don't understand how this could happen to us. we have been so careful to make sure our child is healthy" what response by the nurse if most appropriate?

this must be a difficult time for you and your family, would you like to talk about how you are feeling?

a nurse is caring for a child with type 1 Dm, which complaint from the child would alert the nurse to the presence of a possible hypoglycemic reaction?

tremors

bronchitis occurs most often in what season?

winter