Pediatrics Test 1 practice questions
Which assessment finding would the nurse recognize as common in infants with down syndrome?
Abnormal heart sounds
Which developmental issue is related to 5- year- old children?
Anxiety about body integrity
Which behavior would the nurse expect from a toddler subjected to prolonged hospitalization with limited parental visits?
Cheerful interactions with staff members
A 3 year old child hospitalized with nephrotic syndrome. Which factor would nurse anticipate will have the greatest effect on the child's adjustments to hospitalization?
Lack of parental visits
Which therapy would the nurse manager recommend for young children with viral infection related diarrhea?
Oral rehydration therapy (ORT) until fluid balance is restored
before administering a nasogastric feeding to a preterm infant, the nurse aspirates a small amount of residual fluid from the stomach. Which action would the nurse take next?
Return the aspirate and administer the full feeding.
Which recommendation would the nurse make to a parent to address bedtime resistance in a 4 year old child?
you should limit screen time in the hour before bedtime
The nurse is providing care to an infant diagnosed with down syndrome. Which parental statement related to the infant's growth indicated the need for further education?
My child will have accelerated growth during adolescence
An infant with persistent diarrhea is subject to significant fluid and electrolyte alterations. Which physiologic imbalance would the nurse most likely encounter?
- hypovolemia -Metabolic Acidosis
Which task would be considered developmentally appropriate for a 2 year old to complete?
- putting socks on feet - washing and drying hands - using fingers to eat food - building a tower of four cubes - identifying facial body parts
After prolonged admission far from home and away from the parent, an 18 month old toddler becomes depressed, withdrawn, and apathetic. Eventually the toddler begins play with toys and relating to others, even strangers. How would the nurse advise the parent who is upset when the child ignores them during a visit and worries that the child has forgotten them?
This is typical behavior in toddlers who are separated from their parents for prolonged periods, and indicates that their child will need special attention from them.
Which instruction would the nurse give to the parent of a child who has had one episode of diarrhea according to evidence- based practice for this situation?
continue the child's feedings as usual, observe the frequency of stools, and bring the child to the clinical tomorrow if the diarrhea continues
Which nursing intervention would be the priority for a 4 week old infant with hypertrophic pyloric stenosis who has been admitted to the pediatric unit for corrective?
correcting fluid and electrolyte imbalances
On the third day of the 2 year old's hospitalization the nurse notes that the child who had been screaming and crying inconsolably has begun to regress and now is lying quietly in the crib with a blanket. Which stage of separation anxiety has developed?
despair
The nurse finds a child has developed the qualities of independence, self control, and self governance. Which type of development would the nurse anticipate in the toddler?
psychosocial development
Which strategy would the nurse recommend the parent of a 4 year old child with frequent nightmares avoid?
sleeping with the child
Which recommendation would the nurse provide the parent of a toddler to promote safety?
throw plastic grocery bags away
Which recommendations would the nurse provide the family who has a child with down syndrome?
- help the family recognize possible stressors - encourage the use of problem solving strategies - refer the family to support groups and internet resources
Which developmentally appropriate actions would the nurse take when caring for a hospitalized preschool age child?
- use toys for distraction during painful procedure - offer medical equipment to play with before a procedure
Which assessment would the nurse prioritize for a newborn with down syndrome?
cardiac irregularities for congenital heart disease
Which response would the nurse provide to a parent who is worried about their child's imaginary friends?
this completely normal behavior for a child in this age group
Which behavior would the nurse advise the parent of a toddler to expect after the toddler returns home from a prolonged hospitalization during which time the parent was able to visit infrequently?
Withdrawn, without emotional ties to the parent.
Which assessment would the nurse use to evaluate the severity of dehydration in a hospitalized infant with dry mucous membranes, absence of tears when the infant cries, and poor skin turgor?
change in weight from prior measurement
A protruding tongue and a crease that transverses the entire width of each palm are characteristic of which congenital condition?
down syndrome
Which action would the nurse take for a 18 month old hospitalized for two weeks who becomes increasingly withdrawn and mute?
encouraging the parent to stay with the child as much as possible
Which action is a priority for the nurse to implement for an infant recently admitted with a diagnosis of diarrhea caused by a salmonella infection?
establishing a skin care routine
Which behavior would the nurse teach to a preschool- age client to avoid the risk of altered growth and development?
impulse control
An infant has been vomiting after each feeding and the physical assessment reveals poor skin turgor, a sunken anterior fontanel, and tremors. Which process would the nurse suspect as causing the infant's acid base imbalance?
loss of chloride ions through vomiting
A 3 year old child is admitted with partial and full thickness burns over 30% of the body. Which significant adverse outcome during the first 48 hours would the nurse attempt to prevent?
shock
Which assessment finding would the nurse expect for a 2 month old infant admitted to the pediatric unit with gastroenteritis and dehydration?
tachycardia
When developing a teaching plan for an 8 year old child, which developmental characteristic would the nurse consider?
the child will welcome opportunities for participation in self care.
In which way would the nurse respond to a parent who is concerned about separation anxiety in their 15 month old child?
this is an expected developmental reaction
Which action would the nurse take to diminish a 3 year old childs fear when in the pediatric clinic
walking into the waiting room to greet the child
Which strategy would the nurse provide unlicensed assistive personnel when caring for a child admitted to the hospital with severe diarrhea?
weighing the child at the same time every day
Which assessment would the nurse perform to assess the magnitude of an infant's fluid loss from diarrhea?
weight compared with prior weight
Which fears related to growth and development would the nurse plan for a hospitalized pediatric client?
- having limited independence - being separated from family - receiving investigational treatment - being in an unfamiliar environment
Which nursing intervention would be taken when the mother of an adolescent reports that her child does not eat properly, performs strenuous physical exercise, and is very introverted?
- monitoring the adolescent's fluid and electrolyte status - checking for evidence of self induced vomiting - monitoring the adolescent for disturbances in family interactions - developing a mutually agreeable targeted daily caloric intake goal
How do adolescents establish family identity during psychosocial development?
- By acting independently to make his or her own decisions - By fostering his or her own development within a balanced family structure
Which recommendation would the nurse provide the parent of a 7 year old child who is concerned that the child is experiencing bedwetting is afraid of the dark?
- allow your child to keep a light on in the bedroom at night - encourage your child to copy their siblings who sleep alone in their rooms
Which response to hospitalization would the nurse anticipate from a 4.5 year old child admitted for surgery.
- fearfulness regarding intrusive procedures - Misgivings about being punished for a misdeed
Which behavior would the nurse expect in an 11 year old girl who is experiencing normal growth and development?
- has sleepovers with friends - becomes involved in family events - texts and talks to friends on the phone - demonstrates respect to both parents - begins to have crushes on boys in class
Which pediatric assessment finding indicates a need for genetic consultation?
- visual or hearing problems - development and speech delays - excessive bleeding or excessive clotting
A 15 year old adolescent with down syndrome is scheduled for surgery. The parent informs the nurse that their child has a mental age of 8 years. At which age level would the nurse prepare the child's preoperative teaching plan?
School-age, because this is the child's developmental age
The nurse is planning to teach activities of daily living to a developmentally disabled 3 year old child. Which activity would the nurse plan to teach to the child first?
Self-feeding
The parent of a 2.5 year old child whose older sibling recently died tells the nurse that their child has started to hit them and refuses to go to bed at night. Which explanation would the nurse provide the parent?
The child is reacting to anxiety within the household
An infant with a 3 day history of decreased fluid intake and diarrhea is admitted with dehydration and lethargy. Which explanation would the nurse give the parent for the infant's rapid deterioration?
The extracellular fluid requirement per unit of body weight is greater in infants than in adults
Why is it essential for the nurse to obtain the height and weight of a severely dehydrated toddler?
The values are used to calculate fluid replacement and medication dosages.
Which conclusion would the nurse have when a parent shares, " my 2.5 year old child only uses two-word phrases when talking, and I can only understand them maybe a quarter of the time"?
This indicates a likely language delay
Which response would the nurse provide to the parent of a toddler who is concerned the toddler is very active and constantly says no?
Toddlers are curious, trying to make decisions and be independent.
The nurse on a pediatric unit is planning recreational activities for a 4 year old with an exacerbation of nephrotic syndrome. Which activities would the nurse determine are the most appropriate in light of the child's developmental level and physical status?
Watching cartoon videos and listening to stories
Which consideration would the nurse identify as the most important need of hospitalized toddlers?
contact with their parents
Which goal would the nurse identify for a toddler with dehydration caused by diarrhea?
improvement of fluid balance
Which nursing action is priority in the care of a young child with severe diarrhea?
maintaining fluid and electrolyte balance
Which assessment would be the most accurate method of monitoring the hydration status of a 2 month old infant admitted with diarrhea and dehydration?
obtaining daily weights
Which method is best for the nurse to assess an infants response to oral rehydration therapy?
obtaining the weight at the same time every day
Which recommendation would the nurse provide a parent who tells the nurse that their 24 month old child refuses a cup of water every morning?
offer the child a choice of two cups
Which response to hospitalization would the nurse expect in a 4 year old child?
out of control behavior, regression to overdependency, and fear of bodily mutilation
Which concern may be specifically seen in middle adolescents?
physical appearance and peer group acceptance
Which recommendation would the nurse make to the parent of a 6-month old regarding safe sleep practices?
place the infant in a supine position for sleep
Which is the priority nursing action to facilitate growth and development when providing care to a pediatric client who is diagnosed with a chronic illness?
planning activities to promote progression from one stage of development to the next