PEDS test 2 (chapter 10-20 )

Which is an important consideration when the nurse is discussing enuresis with the parents of a young child?

Organic causes that may be related to enuresis should be considered first.

Which is descriptive of a toddler's cognitive development at age 20 months?

Realizes that "out of sight" is not out of reach

The nurse is assisting the family of a child with a history of encopresis (defecassion) Which should be included in the nurse's discussion with this family?

Reassure the family that most problems are resolved successfully, with some relapses during periods of stress.

A toddler's parent asks the nurse for suggestions on dealing with temper tantrums. Which is the most appropriate recommendation?

Remain close by the child but without eye contact.

A school nurse is performing hearing screening on school children. The nurse recognizes that distortion of sound and problems in discrimination are characteristic of which type of hearing loss?

Sensorineural

Which statement characterizes moral development in the older school-age child?

They are able to judge an act by the intentions that prompted it rather than just by the consequences.

Which is descriptive of central nervous system stimulants?

They can result in strong psychological dependence

The nurse and a new nurse are caring for a child who will require palliative care. Which statement made by the new nurse would indicate a correct understanding of palliative care?

"Palliative care provides pain and symptom management for the child."

6 month old precautions for administering meds

- 1 inch needle Apply a vapocoolant spray directly to the skin, 15 seconds before administration. d. Apply a topical anesthetic LMX4 (4% lidocaine) 10 minutes before administration. - use a small needle

A nurse is preparing to administer routine immunizations to a 4-month-old infant. The infant is currently up to date on all previously recommended immunizations. Which immunizations will the nurse prepare to administer? (Select all that apply.)

1. rotavirus'2. ,Dtap, 3. Haemophilus influenzae type b HIB 4. PV inactivated polivirus

Generally, the earliest age at which puberty begins is _____ years in girls, _____ in boys.

10/12

The nurse should teach parents that which age is safe to give infants whole milk instead of commercial infant formula?

12 months

binocularity establised by

15 months

Most car seats can be safely switched to the forward-facing position when the child reaches which age?

2

At what age should the nurse expect an infant to begin smiling in response to pleasurable stimuli?

2 months

At what age does an infant start to recognize familiar faces and objects, such as a feeding bottle?

3 months

first rattle

4 months old

clamydia infection symptoms

Clinical manifestations include dysuria and urethral itching in males mental erythema, discharge

breastfed babies and fluoride

She may need to begin taking them at age 4 months."

An adolescent asks the nurse what causes primary dysmenorrhea. The nurse's response should be based on which statement?

There is a relation between prostaglandins and uterine contractility. NSAIDS are effective because they inhibit prostaglandins leading to reduction in uterine activity

A nurse planning care for a school-age child should take into account that which thought process is seen at this age?

ability to conserve- demonstrated in math processes

pshyosocial developmental task of toddlerhood

ability to delay gratification

The nurse should suspect a hearing impairment in an infant who demonstrates which behavior? a.

absence of babbling by age of 7 months

A child has been diagnosed with enuresis which is involuntarily peeing. TCA imipramine (Tofranil) has been prescribed for the child. The nurse understands that this medication is in which

antisposmadic

boys puberty and girls puberty

boys 13 1/2 to 14 and girls 12 3/4

Which aspect of cognition develops during adolescence?

capacity to use a future time perspective

When assessing the eyes of a neonate, the nurse observes opacity of the lens. This represents which impairment

cataracts- it is the opacacy of the lens

Which of the following is the most common clinical manifestation of retinoblastoma?

cats eye reflex

GABHS

causes scarlet fever

Airborne isolation is required for a child who is hospitalized with:

chicken pox- med to minimize leasions is called acyclovir (zovirax) and Varizig is given to high risk children to prevent the development of chickenpox after exposure

the most common cause of hearing impairment in children is:

chronic otitis media

A newborn assessment shows separated sagittal suture, oblique palpebral fissures, depressed nasal bridge, protruding tongue, and transverse palmar creases. These findings are most suggestive of:

down syndrome

Austin, age 6 months, has six teeth. The nurse should recognize that this and

early than normal, usual is 2 teeth.

Developmentally, most children at age 12 months:

eat the same food as the family

A child dependent on medical technology is preparing to be discharged from the hospital to home. Which predischarge assessments should the nurse ensure?

emergency care and transport plan/financial arrangements

Which expected appearance will the nurse explain to parents of an infant returning from surgery after an enucleation was performed to treat retinoblastoma?

face is edematous or ecchymothic, eye pad dressing taped over surgical site and implanted sphere is covered by conjunctiva and resembles the lining of themouhth.

giardiasis med

flagyl - metronidozole/ tinidazole- tindamax, and nitazocanide-alinia

cognitive development of adolescents

formal operations

Which information could be given to the parents of a 12-month-old child regarding appropriate play activities?

give large push pull toys for kinetic stimulation

What is one of the major physical characteristics of the child with Down syndrome?

hypotonic musculature

A nurse places some x-ray contrast the toddler is to drink in a small cup instead of a large cup. Which concept of a toddler's preoperational thinking is the nurse using?

inability to concerve

Most parents of children with special needs tend to experience chronic sorrow. This is characterized by:

periods of intensified sorrow and loss that occur in waves over time.

The feeling of guilt that the child "caused" the disability or illness is especially critical in which child?

preschooler

Which are characteristic of physical development of a 30-month-old child?

primary dentition is complete/spincter control is complete

turner syndrome

sex chromosome defect and an absence of x chromosome

A 14-year-old male mentions that he now has to use deodorant but never had to before. The nurse's response should be based on knowledge that which occurs during puberty?

Apocrine sweat glands reach secretory capacity during puberty.

Which play is most typical of the preschool period?

Associative play is group play in similar or identical activities but without rigid organization or rules. Solitary play is that of infants. Parallel play is that of toddlers. School-age children play in teams.

By which age should the nurse expect that most children could obey prepositional phrases such as "under," "on top of," "beside," and "behind"?

4 years

secondary cirucular

4-8 months

teething

6 months

closures of :anterior fontanel closes/posterior

6-8 weeks for posterior and 12-18 months for anterior

when can babies sit up on their own without support

8 months. 6 months if someone props them a nd 4 months with support

- sitting erect without support - adjust posture to reach object - roll from back to abdomen

8months, 8 months 6 months

12 year olds should get how many hours of sleep

9

At what age do most children have an adult concept of death as being inevitable, universal, and irreversible?

9-11

acetaminophen poisioning (tylenol) what is the antidote

Mocomyst ( N-acetylcysteeine)

When a child with mild cognitive impairment reaches the end of adolescence, which characteristic should be expected?

Achieves a mental age of 8 to 12 years

A young boy is found squirting lighter fluid into his mouth. His father calls the emergency department. The nurse taking the call should know that the primary danger is which result?

Bronchitis and chemical pneumonia

A 13-year-old is being seen in the clinic for a routine health check. The adolescent has not been in the clinic for 3 years but was up to date on immunizations at that time. Which immunizations should the adolescent receive?

DTaP (tetanu s, diphtheria, acellular pertussis) MMR (measles, mumps, rubella) and MCV4 meningococcal

Which should the nurse teach to parents of toddlers about accidental poison prevention?

Discard empty poison containersKnow the number of the nearest poison control centerCaution child against eating nonedible items, such as plants.

Which accurately describes the speech of the preschool child?

Dysfluency in speech patterns is normal.

assessment findings of down syndrome

High arched narrow palate Protruding tongue and transverse palmar crease

The nurse is discussing sexuality with the parents of an adolescent girl with moderate cognitive impairment. Which should the nurse consider when dealing with this issue?

Individuals with cognitive impairment need a well-defined, concrete code of sexual conduct.

A nurse teaches parents that team play is important for school-age children. Which can children develop by experiencing team play?

Learn complex rules. Experience competition. Learn about division of labor.

SIDS risk factors

Low apgar, male sex, recent viral illness

Which symptoms should the nurse expect to observe during the physical assessment of an adolescent girl with severe weight loss and disrupted metabolism associated with anorexia nervosa?

Lowered body temperature and brittle nails bradycardia, decreased bp, dry skin, altered metallic activity and lanugo hair

The child with Down syndrome should be evaluated for which condition before participating in some sports?

atlantoaxial instability

The child of 15 to 30 months is likely to be struggling with which developmental task?

autonomy

clamydia

azithromycin (zithromax) PO

Which should the nurse expect of a healthy 3-year-old child?

balance on one foot for a few seconds

The nurse observes that a seriously ill child passively accepts all painful procedures. The nurse should recognize that this is most likely an indication that the child is experiencing a:

belief that procedures are a deserved punishment.

expected developmental milestone for a 7-month-old infant?

by 6-7 months baby can bear all their weight on their legs with assistance

Which is an implanted ear prosthesis for children with sensorineural hearing loss?

cochlear implant

rickets is a deficiency in vitamin

d and calciumgi

The most fatal type of burn in the toddler age group is:

flame burn from playing with matches.

In terms of language and cognitive development, a 4-year-old child would be expected to have which traits?

follow directions commands/tell exaggerated stories

Autism is a complex developmental disorder. The diagnostic criteria for autism include delayed or abnormal functioning in which areas with onset before age 3 years?

language as used in social communication, symbolic or imaginative play and social interactions

vit a déficience

measles

Vit A is given to children for which disease

measules/rubeola- this causes Koplik spots

under 45

moderate cognitive impairment but trainable. Moderate cognitively impairment IQs range between 35 and 55.

The parent of a 4-year-old boy tells the nurse that the child believes that monsters and boogeymen are in his bedroom at night. The nurse's best suggestion for coping with this problem is to:

nighlight

Which information should the nurse give a mother regarding the introduction of solid foods during infancy?

one at a time at an interval of 4-7 days

In terms of gross motor development, which should the nurse expect a 5-month-old infant to do?

roll from abdomen to back and put feet in mouth when supine

A nurse is instructing a nursing assistant on techniques to facilitate lip reading with a hearing-impaired child who lip reads. Which techniques should the nurse include? (

speak at eye level, use facial expressions when speaking and keep sentences short

rubella causes

steer defects in the fetus when it occurs congenitally

with iron supplements

stool maybe tarry green, use a doppler on the side of mouth . give with citrus fruit or juice, administer between meals avoid milk or dairy/vitamin D

A nurse is planning care for a 17-month-old child. According to Piaget, which stage should the nurse expect the child to be in cognitively?

tertiary circular reaction

A child has just been diagnosed with fragile X syndrome. The nurse recognizes that fragile X syndrome is:

the second most common genetic cause of mental retardation.

Which is a useful skill that the nurse should expect a 5-year-old child to be able to master?

tie shoelaces

after the introduction of the back to sleep campaign- what 2 pediatric disorders increased

torticollis/Plagiocephaly

reflexive grasping

unvoluntary holds- common between 2-3 months, voluntary grasp happens by later

Which characteristic best describes the gross motor skills of a 24-month-old child?

walks up and down stairs and runs with a wide stance