Penny Ch. 32

The cervix should measure at least ______ in length

3 cm

The placenta is considered too thick when it measures:

>4 cm

The measurement that should be carefully scrutinized in cases of IUGR is the:

AC

A succenturiate lobe of the placenta refers to a:

Accessory lobe

An anechoic mass is noted within the umbilical cord during a routine sonographic examination. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Allantoic cyst

Increased S/D ratio is associated with all of the following except: -IUGR -Placental insufficiency -Allantoic cysts -Perinatal mortality

Allantoic cysts

IUGR is evident when the EFW is:

Below the 10th percentile

All of the following are associated with polyhydraminos except:

Bilateral multicystic dysplastic kidney disease

Doppler assessment of the middle cerebral artery:

Can evaluate the fetus for hypoxia

The normal umbilical cord insertion point into the placenta is:

Central

The most common placental tumor is the:

Chorioangioma

The fetal contribution of the placenta is the:

Chorion frondrosum

The maternal contribution to the placenta is the:

Decidua basalis

Normally, the S/D ratio:

Decreases with advancing gestation

All of the following are associated with oligohydraminos except: -Bilateral renal agenesis -Infantile polycystic kidney disease -Premature rupture of membranes -Duodenal atresia

Duodenal atresia

All of the following are associated with a thin placenta except:

Fetal hydrops

All of the following are clinical features of the placental abruption except:

Funneling of the cervix

Evidence of polyhydraminos should warrant a careful investigation of the fetal:

Gastrointestinal system

The placenta releases _____________ to maintain the corpus luteum

Human chorionic gonadotropin

Fetal TORCH is frequently associated with:

Intracranial calcifiactions

Which of the following would be least likely associated with immune hydrops?

Leiomyoma

Which one of the following is described as the situation in which the placental edge extends into the lower uterine segment but ends more than 2cm away from the internal os?

Low-lying placenta

Mothers with gestational diabetes run the risk of having fetuses that are considered:

Macrosomic

Insertion of the umbilical cord at the edge of the placenta is referred to as:

Marginal cord insertion

Pools of maternal blood noted within the placental substance are referred to as:

Maternal lakes

What would be most likely confused for a uterine leiomyoma?

Myometrial contraction

Mothers with pregestational diabetes, as opposed to gestational diabetes, have an increased risk of a fetus with:

Neural tube defects

Penetration of the placenta beyond the uterus wall would be referred to as:

Placenta percreta

One of the most common causes of painless vagina bleeding in the second and third trimesters is:

Placenta previa

All of the following are associated with a thick placenta except: -Fetal infections -Rh isoimmunization -Placental insufficiency -Multiple gestations

Placental insufficiency

Pregnancy-induced maternal high blood pressure and excess protein in the urine after 20 weeks' gestation is termed:

Preeclampsia

Which one of the following would increase the likelihood of developing placenta previa?

Previous cesarean section

Nonimmune hydrops is associated with all of the following except:

RH isoimmunization

With Rh isoimmunization, the maternal antibodies cross the placenta and destroy the fetal:

Red blood cells

Placenta accrete denotes:

The abnormal attachment of the placenta to the myometrium

When the placenta completely covers the internal os, it is referred to as:

Total previa

The normal umbilical cord has:

Two arteries and one vein

A velamentous cord insertion is associated with which of the following?

Vasa previa

Doppler sonography reveals vascular structures coursing over the internal os of the cervix. This finding is indicative of:

Vasa previa

The abnormal insertion of the umbilical cord into the membranes beyond the placental edge is termed:

Velamentous insertion