Penny Chapter 22 - Obstetric Sonography Overview

what is defined as the area located posterior to the broad ligaments and adjacent to the uterus, which contains the ovaries and fallopian tubes?

a. adnexa

the protein that is produced by the yolk sac, fetal gastrointestinal tract, and the fetal liver is:

a. alpha-fetoprotein

which of the following forms of fetal presentation is the most common? a. cephalic b. complete breech c. frank breech d. transverse

a. cephalic

typically, with anencephaly, the MSAFP value will be:

a. elevated

all of the following would be an indication for a third-trimester sonogram except: a. evaluate NT b. evaluate fetal presentation c. evaluate fetal growth d. evaluate gestational age

a. evaluate NT

the number of pregnancies is defined as:

a. gravidity

the clinical manifestations of supine hypotensive syndrome include all of the following except: a. proteinuria b. tachycardia c. nausea d. pallor

a. proteinuria

the second trimester typically refers to weeks:

b. 13 through 26

for the normal biophysical profile, the amniotic fluid pocket should measure:

b. at least 1 cm in two perpendicular planes

typically, with a miscarriage, the serum hCG value will be:

b. decreased

the dilation of the renal collecting system secondary to the obstruction of normal urine flow defines:

b. hydronephrosis

what is described as the number of pregnancies in which the patient has given birth to a fetus at or beyond 20 weeks gestational age or an infant weighing more than 500 g?

b. parity

a myelomeningocele is associated with

b. spina bifida

which of the following would be least likely associated with an elevation in MSAFP? a. anencephaly b. turner syndrome c. spina bifida d. myelomeningocele

b. turner syndrome

what is the term for the fetal presentation that is head down?

c. cephalic

the physiologic ovarian cyst that develops after ovulation has occurred is the:

c. corpus luteum cyst

something that is idiopathic is said to be:

c. from an unknown cause

which of the following would be the least likely indication for a first-trimester sonogram? a. evaluate pelvic pain b. define the cause of vaginal bleeding c. gender identification d. diagnosis of multiple gestations

c. gender identification

the anechoic space along the posterior aspect of the fetal neck is the

c. nuchal translucency

which of the following artifacts is caused by attenuation of the sound beam? a. reverberation artifact b. comet tail artifact c. posterior shadowing d. posterior enhancement

c. posterior shadowing

the reduction in blood return to the maternal heart caused by the gravid uterus compressing the maternal inferior vena cava describes:

c. supine hypotensive syndrome

which of the following best describes the optimal instance to take the femur length measurement?

c. when the long axis of the femoral shaft is perpendicular to the sound beam

the quadruple screen includes an analysis of all of the following except: a. hCG b. alphaFetoprotein c. Inhibin A d. PAPP-A

d. PAPP-A

biophysical profile scoring is conducted for how long?

d. for 30 minutes

fetal presentation is determined by identifying the fetal part that is closest to the:

d. internal os of the cervix

painless second-trimester vaginal bleeding is most often associated with:

d. placenta previa

which of the following artifacts is produced when the sound beam is barely attenuated through a fluid or a fluid-containing structure? a. reverberation artifact b. comet tail artifact c. posterior shadowing d. posterior enhancement

d. posterior enhancement

all of the following are produced by the placenta except: a. alpha-Fetoprotein b. hCG c. PAPP-A d. Inhibin A

!!! a. alpha-fetoprotein

which of the following is not part of the biophysical profile? a. fetal swallowing b. flexion of the limb c. amniotic fluid d. fetal breathing

!!! a. fetal swallowing

the triple screen typically includes an analysis of: a. hCG, alpha-fetoprotein, and estriol b. fetal NT, alpha-fetoprotein, and inhibin A c. hCG, alph-fetoprotein, and inhibin A d. hCG, alpha-fetoprotein, and PAPP-A

!!! a. hCG, alpha-fetoprotein, and estriol

which of the following would not typically produce an elevation in hCG? a. down syndrome b. anembryonic pregnancy c. triploidy d. molar pregnancy

!!! b. anembryonic pregnancy

what is the fetal presentation when the fetal buttocks are closest to the cervix?

!!! b. frank breech

the premature separation of the placenta from the uterine wall before the birth of the fetus describes:

!!! b. placental abruption

in the TPAL designation, the "L" refers to:

!!! c. live births

which of the following would not be decreased in the presence of Edwards syndrome? a. estriol b. hCG c. alpha-Fetoprotein d. All would be decreased

!!! d. all would be decreased

all of the following may be visualized at the correct level of the head circumference except: a. third ventricle b. thalamus c. cavum septum pellucidum d. falx cerebelli

!!! d. falx cerebelli

all of the following are observed during a biophysical profile except: a. fetal tone b. thoracic movement c. fetal breathing d. fetal circulation

!!! d. fetal circulation

which of the following is also referred to as trisomy 13? a. down syndrome b. edwards syndrome c. turner syndrome d. patao syndrome

!!! d. patao syndrome

the abdominal circumference should include all of the following except: a. the fetal stomach b. the fetal thoracic spine c. the umbilical vein d. the kidneys

!!! d. the kidneys

typically, with gastroschisis, the MSAFP value will be:

??? a. elevated