Penny Review Chapter 8: Adrenal Glands

the neuroblastoma typically presents before the age of

5

which hormone, secreted by the anterior pituitary gland, controls the release of hormones by the adrenal glands

ACTH

the syndrome associated with hypertension, hyperglycemia, obesity and an adrenal mass

Cushing syndrome

the right suprarenal vein drains directly into the

IVC

hyperfunctioning adrenal adenomas are associated with all of the following except cushing syndrome conn syndrome hypoechoic mass in the area of the adrenal gland acute drop in hematocrit

acute drop in hematocrit

adrenocortical insufficiency is also known as

addison disease

what has a clinical finding of a bronzing of the skin

addison disease

a 45 yr old obese woman w/ thin arms and legs, hypertension, severe fatigue presents for US. based on clinical findings, what should you eval adrenal glands closely for

adrenal adenoma

upon sono exam of RUQ in a 32 yr old female complaining of generalized pain, you see an anechoic mass w/ posterior enhancement superior and medial to the right kidney. this is most likely a

adrenal cyst

which of the following mass like lesion may be associated with congenital adrenal hyperplasia and found within the testes? adrenal adenoma adrenal rests pheochromocytomas neuroblastoma

adrenal rest

which hormone is responsible for regulating blood pressure by controlling amounts of sodium and water in the body

aldosterone

which of the following is associated with hypernatremia cushing syndrome conn syndrome pheochromocytoma addison diseaes

conn syndrome

the adrenal cortex produces

cortisol, androgens, aldosterone

With active internal hemorrhage, the patients hematocrit will

decrease

what type of gland releases their hormones directly into the bloodstream

endocrine

what is prodcued by the adrenal medulla

epinepherine and norepinephrine

all of the following are true statements about the adrenal glands except easily identifiable in fetus composed of medulla and cortex exocrine glands AKA suprarenal glands

exocrine glands (they are endocrine glands**)

when internal bleeding is suspected, what lab value wold be the most useful

hematocrit

localized collection of blood

hematoma

the most common sono appearance of a neuroblastoma is

heterogenous mass w/ calcs

the most common sono appearance of a pheochromocytoma is

hyperechoic mass

what is the term for low levels of sodium in the blood

hyponatremia

the left suprarenal vein drains directly into the

left renal vein

what hormones are responsible for fight or flight resonse

nor and epinephrine

The adrenal mass often associated with uncontrollable hypertension, tachycardia and tremors is the

pheochromocytoma

what best describes the location of the right adrenal gland

posterior and lateral to the IVC

the arterial blood supply to the adrenal glands is accomplished by means of the

suprarenal arteries

the adrenal glands receive portion of their blood supply from all of the following except suprarenal branches of the inferior phrenic arteries suprarenal branches of the aorta suprarenal branches of the renal arteries suprarenal branches of the celiac trunk

suprarenal branches of the celiac trunk

all of the following are associated with conn syndrome except adrenal adenoma hypertension excessive thirst thinning arms and legs

thinning arms and legs

which of the following is associated with hyponatremia cushing syndrome conn syndrome pheochromocytoma addison disease

addison disease

an abdomen sono is requested for a new born in the ICU. The new born has suffered from brief anoxia at birth and is now suffering from jaundice. Superior to the right kidney, you see a triangular shaped, heterogenous mass. What is the most likely diagnosis adrenal hemorrhage adrenal adenoma pheochromocytoma cushing syndrome

adrenal hemorrhage

what hormone plays a part in the development of male characteristics

androgens

what is the cause of cushing disease

anterior pituitary gland tumor (think of cushing as tumor pushing*)

all of the following are clinical findings of pheochromocytoma except bradycardia uncontrolled hypertension excessive sweating tremors

bradycardia (should be tachycardia)

Conn syndrome results from

high levels of aldosterone secretion by the adrenal cortex

all of the following are true statements about the adrenal glands except -plays an important role in blood pressure regulation -easily identified in fetus -left adrenal gland is located lateral to the upper pole of the LK -the right adrenal gland is located medial to the right lobe of the liver

left adrenal gland is located lateral to the upper pole of the LK (it is located medial)

all of the following are most likely benign adrenal masses except adenoma neuroblastoma pheochromocytoma hematoma

neuroblastoma

the most common extracranial malignant mass in children is

neuroblastoma

the adrenal glands are surrounded by a connective tissue capsule called

Gerota fascia

what would result in buffalo hump and moon-shaped face clinical findings

Hypercorisolism (cushing)