Penny Review Chapter 8: Adrenal Glands
the neuroblastoma typically presents before the age of
5
which hormone, secreted by the anterior pituitary gland, controls the release of hormones by the adrenal glands
ACTH
the syndrome associated with hypertension, hyperglycemia, obesity and an adrenal mass
Cushing syndrome
the right suprarenal vein drains directly into the
IVC
hyperfunctioning adrenal adenomas are associated with all of the following except cushing syndrome conn syndrome hypoechoic mass in the area of the adrenal gland acute drop in hematocrit
acute drop in hematocrit
adrenocortical insufficiency is also known as
addison disease
what has a clinical finding of a bronzing of the skin
addison disease
a 45 yr old obese woman w/ thin arms and legs, hypertension, severe fatigue presents for US. based on clinical findings, what should you eval adrenal glands closely for
adrenal adenoma
upon sono exam of RUQ in a 32 yr old female complaining of generalized pain, you see an anechoic mass w/ posterior enhancement superior and medial to the right kidney. this is most likely a
adrenal cyst
which of the following mass like lesion may be associated with congenital adrenal hyperplasia and found within the testes? adrenal adenoma adrenal rests pheochromocytomas neuroblastoma
adrenal rest
which hormone is responsible for regulating blood pressure by controlling amounts of sodium and water in the body
aldosterone
which of the following is associated with hypernatremia cushing syndrome conn syndrome pheochromocytoma addison diseaes
conn syndrome
the adrenal cortex produces
cortisol, androgens, aldosterone
With active internal hemorrhage, the patients hematocrit will
decrease
what type of gland releases their hormones directly into the bloodstream
endocrine
what is prodcued by the adrenal medulla
epinepherine and norepinephrine
all of the following are true statements about the adrenal glands except easily identifiable in fetus composed of medulla and cortex exocrine glands AKA suprarenal glands
exocrine glands (they are endocrine glands**)
when internal bleeding is suspected, what lab value wold be the most useful
hematocrit
localized collection of blood
hematoma
the most common sono appearance of a neuroblastoma is
heterogenous mass w/ calcs
the most common sono appearance of a pheochromocytoma is
hyperechoic mass
what is the term for low levels of sodium in the blood
hyponatremia
the left suprarenal vein drains directly into the
left renal vein
what hormones are responsible for fight or flight resonse
nor and epinephrine
The adrenal mass often associated with uncontrollable hypertension, tachycardia and tremors is the
pheochromocytoma
what best describes the location of the right adrenal gland
posterior and lateral to the IVC
the arterial blood supply to the adrenal glands is accomplished by means of the
suprarenal arteries
the adrenal glands receive portion of their blood supply from all of the following except suprarenal branches of the inferior phrenic arteries suprarenal branches of the aorta suprarenal branches of the renal arteries suprarenal branches of the celiac trunk
suprarenal branches of the celiac trunk
all of the following are associated with conn syndrome except adrenal adenoma hypertension excessive thirst thinning arms and legs
thinning arms and legs
which of the following is associated with hyponatremia cushing syndrome conn syndrome pheochromocytoma addison disease
addison disease
an abdomen sono is requested for a new born in the ICU. The new born has suffered from brief anoxia at birth and is now suffering from jaundice. Superior to the right kidney, you see a triangular shaped, heterogenous mass. What is the most likely diagnosis adrenal hemorrhage adrenal adenoma pheochromocytoma cushing syndrome
adrenal hemorrhage
what hormone plays a part in the development of male characteristics
androgens
what is the cause of cushing disease
anterior pituitary gland tumor (think of cushing as tumor pushing*)
all of the following are clinical findings of pheochromocytoma except bradycardia uncontrolled hypertension excessive sweating tremors
bradycardia (should be tachycardia)
Conn syndrome results from
high levels of aldosterone secretion by the adrenal cortex
all of the following are true statements about the adrenal glands except -plays an important role in blood pressure regulation -easily identified in fetus -left adrenal gland is located lateral to the upper pole of the LK -the right adrenal gland is located medial to the right lobe of the liver
left adrenal gland is located lateral to the upper pole of the LK (it is located medial)
all of the following are most likely benign adrenal masses except adenoma neuroblastoma pheochromocytoma hematoma
neuroblastoma
the most common extracranial malignant mass in children is
neuroblastoma
the adrenal glands are surrounded by a connective tissue capsule called
Gerota fascia
what would result in buffalo hump and moon-shaped face clinical findings
Hypercorisolism (cushing)