Perry-Smith Microbiology Unit 1

In a cell that has a diploid number of 8 chromosomes, how many chromatids will be present at the beginning of mitosis?

16

Which of the following statements regarding meiosis is the most accurate

A diploid cell produces haploid daughter cells.

An explanation of observations and data supported by the experimental results of many scientists for many years is

A theory

Alternation is generations is a means of reproduction by

Algae

Euglenids were once classified as

Algae

Protozoa that move and feed by the use of broad pseudopods are called

Amoebozoa

Slime molds are classified as

Amoebozoa

Fungi called Deuteromycetes are not known to reproduce sexually. Nonetheless, most of them are considered members of the ________ on the basis of genetic sequences.

Ascomycota

Edible true mushrooms are typically members of the

Basidiomycota

Mushrooms with gills are the fruiting bodies of members of the

Basidiomycota

Sexual reproduction in Basidiomycota results in the production of

Basidiospores

Protozoa can survive changed in pH, nutrient availability, or temperature as

Cysts

Who formulated the hypothesis that certain chemicals could kill microbes without harming humans was the foundation for chemotherapy

Ehrlich

Euglenids have an organelle known as a(n) ___ which has a role in their photo tactic behavior

Eyespot

(T/F) Fungi reproduce only asexually

False

(T/F) Gene therapy is a modern approach to preventing infectious disease

False

(T/F) Protozoa are also called prokaryotes

False

(T/F) Haploid genomes contain two sets of chromosomes

False (hap=half)

(T/F) Robert Koch sought a "magic bullet" for the treatment of disease caused by bacteria

False, it was Ehrlich

(T/F) Protozoa are eukaryotic organisms that lack a cell wall and can be unicellular or multicellular

False, single-celled

(T/F) Joseph Lister reduced the incidence of wound infections in health care settings by using chlorinated lime water.

False, used phenol

Who discovered penicillin?

Fleming

Which of the following statements about fungi is FALSE

Fungi are photosynthetic

Which of the following is a protozoan with two nuclei and no mitochondria?

Giardia

Which of the following has not been a basis for classification of the Protozoa?

Habitat

The principle of disinfection to reduce HAIs (healthcare-associated infections) among patients was initially introduced by

I. Semmelweis and J. Lister

Replication of the DNA occurs during

Interphase

Work by ________ laid the foundations of immunology with the development of vaccines.

Jenner and Pasteur

The ___ are so sensitive to pollutants that they are used as indicators of environmental conditions

Lichens

Which of the following individuals pioneered the use of chemicals to reduce the incidence of infections during surgery?

Lister

Which is represented by the figure? (IIii) -> (Ii) (Ii) (Ii) (Ii)

Meiosis (two divisions)

Which of the following scientists provided evidence in favor of the concept of spontaneous generation?

Needham

Which of the following pairs is mismatched

Parabasala: two mitochondria

The Amicomplexa are named for their complexes of specialized organelles which allow them to

Penetrate host cells

The large seaweed known as kelp is classified as a member of the

Phaeophyta

Microorganisms characterized by the abscence of a nucleus are called

Prokaryotes

Crossing over between chromosomes occurs during which stage of meiosis

Prophase I

The "red tide" events along coasts are caused by

Protozoa

Slime molds are classified with Protozoa in part because they have

Pseudopods

Algae that are important sources of thickening agents like agar are known as

Rhodophyta

Diatoms are single celled marine algae with walls composed of

Silica

All of the following individuals were involved in improving public health in the 19th century except

Spallanzani

The asexual reproductive spores produces within a sac are

Sporangiospores

The distinguishing characteristic used to classify the algae into four kingdoms is

Their storage components

Protozoa of the genus ___ cause a sexually transmitted disease in humans

Trichomonas

(T/F) Algae can have different types of photosynthetic pigments that allow them to photosynthesize at various depths in water

True

(T/F) Ascospores are products of meiosis

True

(T/F) Koch's postulates can be used to determine the cause of infectious diseases

True

(T/F) Louis Pasteur is considered the Father of Microbiology because of the many carefully conducted experiments and observations he made with microbes.

True

(T/F) Lyme disease is vectored by ticks

True

(T/F) Single-celled organisms known as diatoms have glasslike walls and are a type of algae

True

(T/F) The alveolates with two different nuclei are ciliates

True

(T/F) in fungi, aseptate hyphae are coenocytic

True (aseptate & coenocytic both mean together)

(T/F) in spite of their name, water molds are not true fungi

True, fungus-like but not true fungi

Previously classified as fungi, ___ are classified as algae because they are true diploids with cellulose walls

Water molds

Which of the following fungal divisions do not have septa?

Zygomycota

Simple eukaryotes that carry out oxygenic photosynthesis and reproduce by means of alternation of generations are known as

algae

Sister chromatids separate and move toward the poles of the cell during ____ of mitosis

anaphase

The chromatids move toward opposite poles during ___ of mitosis

anaphase

The term that literally means "against putrefaction" is

antisepsis

Multicellular organisms with hard exoskeletons, segmented bodies, and four pairs of jointed legs in the adult stage are

arachnids

The work of Eduard Buchner and the discovery of enzymes laid the foundations for the field of

biochemistry

The term for the use of microorganisms to restore damaged environments is

bioremediation

The use of chemical agents to harm or kill microbes is

chemotherapy

Some fungi postpone cytokinesis, producing

coenocytes

When mitosis occurs without cytokinesis, which of the following is produced?

coenocytes

Lichens are composed of a symbiosis of fungi and which of the following?

cyanobacteria or green algae

The process in which the cytoplasm is divided between daughter cells is known as

cytokinesis

Parasitic worms, even meters-long tapeworms, are studied in microbiology because

diagnosis usually involves microscopic examination of patient samples

Which of the following is a cell type associated with sexual reproduction of fungi?

dikaryon

Louis Pasteur demonstrated that fermentation to produce alcohol is caused by

facultative anaerobes

The ___ have shells composed of calcium carbonate and thin pseudopods

foraminifera

Which of the following pairs is mismatched

fungi: usually diploid

The technique developed by Hans Christian Gram is important for bacterial

identification

Pasteur's experiments on fermentation laid the foundation for

industrial microbiology

Which of the following is transmitted by mosquitoes?

malaria

Chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell during

metaphase

The asexual spores of molds are classified according to their

mode of development

Hyphae are associated with which of the following?

molds

The division Basidiomycota includes which of the following types of fungi?

mushrooms

The ___ is the entire interwoven mass of one multicellular fungal organism

mycelium

Some fungi and higher plants form a beneficial association known as

mycorrhizae

Single-celled eukaryotes lacking a cell wall are

protozoa

The microbes commonly known as ________ are single-celled eukaryotes that are generally motile.

protozoa

Which of the following is an incorrect pairing

protozoa: multicellular

Merozoites are a result of

schizogony

Multiple mitoses followed by a single cytokinetic event is known as

schizogony

Plasmodium, the causative agent of malaria, undergoes multiple of mitoses before the release of uninucleate daughter cells called

schizonts

The experiments conducted by John T. Needham using infusions were interpreted as supporting the theory of

spontaneous generation

Fungal spores produced asexually within a sac-like chamber at the tip of a hypha are called

sporangiospores

Paul Ehrlich used chemotherapy to treat

syphilis

An aligned pair of homologous chromosomes is called a

tetrad

Which of the following is present during meiosis but not mitosis?

tetrad

Robert Koch was involved in research on all of the following topics EXCEPT

the cause of fermentation

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of Protozoa?

they are all photosynthetic

Which of the following statements about algae is FALSE?

they are important in the degradation of dead plants and animals

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of viruses

they are visible with a light microscope

Antoni van Leeuwenhoek was the first person in history to

view microorganisms and record these observations

The dikaryons of Zygomycoa are known as

zygosporangia

The fusion of two gametes produces a

zygote